MOULD,SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT

Abstract

 The invention relates to a mould (2), a system and method for manufacturing a floor part or a wall part with a sandwich structure. The mould (2) comprises:
- a number of lower base mould elements (4), wherein the number of lower base mould elements (4) can be placed mutually adjacently on a base (6) for the floor part or the wall part for the purpose of forming a periphery for a first concrete layer (14);
- a first layer of auxiliary mould elements (10), wherein the number of auxiliary mould elements (10) can be placed mutually adjacently on the number of lower base mould elements (4) for the purpose of forming a periphery for an insulating layer (16) and/or second concrete layer (18) arranged above the first concrete layer (14).

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a mould for manufacturing a floor part or wall part as a construction element with a sandwich structure comprising a plurality of layers. The invention further relates to a system for manufacturing a floor part or wall part with a sandwich structure comprising a plurality of layers, and a method for manufacturing a floor part or wall part with a sandwich structure comprising a plurality of layers.

[0002] It is a trend in the building industry to increasingly supply (parts of) homes in prefab form. This has the advantage that, to build a house, less time is needed at the building site itself, this reducing costs. Homes are often provided with a floor part or wall part with a so-called sandwich structure comprising a plurality of layers. A wall part can for instance comprise a first (lower) concrete layer, a (middle) insulating layer and a second (upper) concrete layer. These floor parts and wall parts with a sandwich structure are preferably also made in a factory.

[0003] It can be desirable to give the first and second concrete layers and the insulating layer different sizes, i.e. to provide them with different dimensions in respect of length and width. It can thus be desirable to make the dimensions of the concrete layer smaller or greater than the insulating layer and second concrete layer. This results in the first concrete layer being offset respectively inward or outward relative to the insulating layer and the second concrete layer.

[0004] Devices known in practice for making floor parts or wall parts with a sandwich structure are provided with a number of mould elements, which are optionally provided with an inward offset profile for the purpose of realizing a first concrete layer with smaller dimensions, wherein the mould elements are placed adjacently of each other by means of a so-called windmill sail construction. The windmill sail construction, also referred to as windmill sails, entails each mould element being positioned at right angles to each other, wherein each mould element is placed adjacently of and protruding from another mould element. A rectangular mould for the floor part or wall part is hereby realized, the dimensions of which can be easily adjusted. It will be apparent to the skilled person that other designs, for instance wherein the mould elements are not positioned at right angles to each other, are also possible.

[0005] The drawback of such known devices is that each mould element can be used only to manufacture one type of floor part or wall part. This means that a mould element which can be used for a floor part with a first concrete layer which is recessed by 10 centimetres cannot be used for a floor part with a concrete layer which is recessed by 5 centimetres. A custom-made mould element is needed for this purpose.

[0006] The present invention has for its object to solve or at least reduce the above stated problems. It is a particular object of the invention to provide a mould which can be applied to manufacture floor parts and wall parts of different dimensions.

[0007] This object is achieved by means of a mould for manufacturing a floor part or wall part with a sandwich structure comprising a plurality of layers, comprising:

• a number of lower base mould elements, wherein the number of lower base mould elements can be placed mutually adjacently on a base for the floor part or the wall part for the purpose of forming a periphery for a first concrete layer;
• a first layer of auxiliary mould elements, wherein the number of auxiliary mould elements can be placed mutually adjacently on the number of lower base mould elements for the purpose of forming a periphery for the insulating layer and/or second concrete layer arranged above a first concrete layer.

[0008] With the combination of base mould elements and auxiliary mould elements a mould is obtained which enables any practical dimension of the first concrete layer, the insulating layer and the second concrete layer without requiring a large number of different mould elements. The base elements and auxiliary mould elements can be removed from each other in simple manner after manufacture of a floor part or wall part and then be stacked and/or set down again in order to manufacture a subsequent floor part and/or wall part. This greatly reduces the costs of making a floor part or wall part with a sandwich structure of different dimensions because a small number of base mould elements and auxiliary mould elements suffice to make all conceivable dimensions. The flexibility for processing floor parts and/or wall parts with a range of dimensions is also increased.

[0009] A periphery in which a first concrete layer can be arranged can be formed in simple manner by the number of lower base mould elements. Because the periphery is constructed from individual base mould elements, the periphery can comprise any practical dimensions.

[0010] The base mould elements preferably take a rectangular form. The base mould elements can hereby be placed adjacently in simple manner so that a complete mould without undesired holes or gaps is realized.

[0011] By using a first layer of auxiliary mould elements which can be placed on the base mould elements a periphery for an insulating layer and/or second concrete layer can be obtained in simple manner. The auxiliary mould elements can be the same as the base mould elements. The advantage of the auxiliary mould elements which can be placed on the base mould elements is that any desired offset of the insulating layer and/or second concrete layer relative to the first concrete layer can be realized thereby.

[0012] Alternatively or additionally, the auxiliary mould elements can also comprise a profile. The profile can for instance comprise a first and a second part, wherein the second part is placed above the first part relative to the floor part or wall part. In this way the first part can for instance be a periphery for an insulating layer, while the second part forms a periphery for the second concrete layer, wherein the insulating layer and the second concrete layer are optionally offset relative to each other.

[0013] The base mould elements and auxiliary mould elements are preferably placed on respectively the base and the base mould elements by a robot. This ensures that the base mould elements and auxiliary mould elements are positioned correctly. This also reduces the number of manual operations required.

[0014] It will be apparent to the skilled person that construction elements such as floor parts or wall parts can also be understood to mean outside wall elements, roof edges and roof decking. It will further be apparent to the skilled person that in the present application concrete is also understood to mean alternatives which are possible in the manufacture of floor parts or wall parts. It is thus possible to use a geopolymer instead of concrete.

[0015] It is also possible to apply the present invention to a floor part or wall part consisting of a single layer, wherein the single layer has an offset, i.e. comprises a projection, and so forms a variant of a sandwich structure according to the invention. It is further also possible to use the mould according to the invention with the already known mould elements.

[0016] In an embodiment according to the invention the mould further comprises a second layer of auxiliary mould elements, wherein the second layer of auxiliary mould elements can be placed mutually adjacently on the first layer of auxiliary mould elements for the purpose of forming a periphery for a second concrete layer arranged above the first concrete layer and insulating layer.

[0017] The second layer of auxiliary mould elements enables an offset of the second concrete layer relative to the insulating layer to be realized. A floor part or wall part wherein the first concrete layer, the insulating layer and the second concrete layer are all offset relative to each other by a desired distance can hereby be manufactured in simple manner.

[0018] In an embodiment according to the invention at least one of the base mould elements and/or auxiliary mould elements comprises an upper plate which is movable toward the base during use and which is configured to provide a clearance for the purpose of releasing the floor part and/or the wall part.

[0019] The upper plate is an upper part of the base mould element. The upper plate according to the invention is preferably displaceable relative to the (remaining) base mould element, such that a clearance is created between the base mould element and the floor part or wall part. This simplifies the so-called releasing of the floor part or wall part. Alternatively or additionally, the advantage of the upper plate is that pouring onto the base mould part or auxiliary mould part can be done in simple manner because this can then also be removed in simple manner. The upper plate is preferably moveable toward the base and/or the underside of the base mould element or auxiliary mould element by means of a moving mechanism.

[0020] In a currently preferred embodiment the upper plate is moveable in any case partially in a directional component toward the base. This has the advantage that when the floor part has been manufactured and an insulating layer and/or second concrete layer rests on the base mould elements, a clearance is created between the base mould element and the insulating layer and/or the second concrete layer. Hereby, the base mould element can be removed from the base and the floor element and/or the wall element can be released from the base in simple manner. It will be apparent to the skilled person that an upper plate which is moveable toward the base is the same as an upper plate which is moveable toward the underside of the base mould element and/or the auxiliary mould element. This is currently preferably realized by displacing the upper plate in a longitudinal direction over a distance and so realizing the clearance.

[0021] In an embodiment according to the invention the upper plate comprises an upper wall or upper surface which extends substantially parallel to the base, wherein the upper wall is configured to at least partially support the floor part or wall part.

[0022] The upper wall of the upper plate is positioned opposite the underside of the base mould element or auxiliary mould element and on the outer side of the base mould element or auxiliary mould element. The underside of the base mould element or auxiliary mould element is configured to be placed on the base or the upper wall of a base mould element or auxiliary mould element. The upper wall preferably moves toward the underside of the base mould element or the auxiliary mould element.

[0023] The upper wall is configured to support an overhanging part of the floor part or wall part. In use, this can be an insulating layer or a second concrete layer. Because the upper wall extends substantially parallel to the base, a flat underside of the overhanging part of the floor part or wall part is obtained. In this way an overhanging part of the floor part or wall part can be manufactured in simple manner.

[0024] Because the upper wall moves toward the underside of the base mould element or the auxiliary mould element, a clearance is created between the upper wall and the floor part or wall part, whereby the base mould element or auxiliary mould element can be removed in simple manner after manufacture of the floor part or wall part.

[0025] In an embodiment according to the invention the base mould element and/or the auxiliary mould element comprises a pouring position and a releasing position, wherein in the releasing position the upper plate is moved toward the base such that an effective height of the base mould element and/or the auxiliary mould element is lower in the releasing position than in the pouring position.

[0026] The effective height must be understood to mean the height between the underside of the base mould element or auxiliary mould element and the upper wall of the upper plate. Because the effective height differs in the pouring position and the releasing position, a clearance between the base mould element and the floor part and/or the wall part can be obtained in simple manner after manufacture of the floor part and/or the wall part. This facilitates the removal of the base mould elements and the floor part and/or wall part from the base.

[0027] In an embodiment according to the invention the effective height of the base mould element and/or the auxiliary mould element is at least 1 millimetre, preferably at least 3 millimetres, more preferably at least 5 millimetres and most preferably at least 10 millimetres lower in the releasing position than in the pouring position.

[0028] It has been found in practice that the above stated clearance enables an effective removal of the base mould element.

[0029] In an embodiment according to the invention the upper plate is moveable toward the base by means of an obliquely descending surface between the upper plate and the rest of the base element and/or the auxiliary mould element.

[0030] The oblique surface preferably descends as seen from the floor part and/or the wall part. The obliquely descending surface has the effect that the upper plate can be moved from the pouring position to the releasing position in simple manner by a pulling movement, which is understood to mean a movement extending preferably substantially in a direction parallel to the base. The pulling movement can for instance be realized with an eccentric. The obliquely descending surface can be deemed part of the moving mechanism.

[0031] In an embodiment according to the invention a wedge is provided between the upper plate and the rest of the base mould element and/or the auxiliary mould element, such that when the wedge is pulled out, the base mould element and/or the auxiliary mould element can be moved from the pouring position to the releasing position.

[0032] In this embodiment the base mould element and/or the auxiliary mould element preferably comprises a pivoting connection between the upper plate and the rest of the base mould element and/or the auxiliary mould element, so that the upper plate is moved toward the base after the wedge is pulled out by the pivoting movement. The wedge can be deemed part of the moving mechanism.

[0033] In an embodiment according to the invention the mould further comprises an elastic element arranged between the upper plate and the rest of the base mould element and/or the auxiliary mould element, wherein the upper plate can be moved from the pouring position to the releasing position by compression of the elastic element.

[0034] The elastic element is made from elastic material. An example of elastic material is rubber, for instance sponge rubber, or an elastic plastic. An advantage of rubber is that it has a closed structure, whereby no (cement) slurry is absorbed in the base mould element and/or the auxiliary mould element. Sponge rubber further has the advantage that it is extra flexible and thereby springs back readily. The elastic element can be deemed part of the moving mechanism.

[0035] An advantage of the elastic element is that the base mould element and/or the auxiliary mould element can be moved from the pouring position to the releasing position in simple manner by compression of the elastic element.

[0036] In an embodiment according to the invention the mould further comprises a pulling element which is connected pivotally to the upper plate and the rest of the base mould element and/or the auxiliary mould element, wherein the elastic element is compressed and the upper plate is moved from the pouring position to the releasing position by pulling out the pulling element.

[0037] The pulling element is preferably pulled out of the base mould element and/or the auxiliary element in longitudinal direction. The advantage of the pulling element is that it can be easily applied in combination with a robot system which can move the base mould element and/or the auxiliary mould element from the pouring position to the releasing position by means of a simple pulling movement. It will be apparent to the skilled person that pulling element must also be understood to mean a pushing element, wherein the elastic element is compressed and the upper plate is moved from the pouring position to the releasing position by pushing in the pulling element. What is important is that a relative movement of the pulling element relative to the upper plate and the rest of the base mould element and/or the auxiliary mould element takes place. The pulling element can be deemed part of the moving mechanism.

[0038] In an embodiment according to the invention the pulling element can also be connected to the rest of the base mould element and/or the auxiliary mould element by means of a screw connection. The pulling element comprises here a thread and the rest of the base mould element and/or the auxiliary mould element a screw, wherein the pulling element is pushed in or pulled out by rotation of the screw, depending on the rotation direction.

[0039] In an embodiment according to the invention the base mould elements and/or auxiliary mould elements can be connected to each other and/or the base by means of a magnetic coupling.

[0040] The base mould elements and/or auxiliary mould elements can be easily connected to each other and/or the base by the magnetic coupling. This is particularly advantageous in combination with a robot which positions the base mould elements and/or auxiliary mould elements on the base. A further advantage of a magnetic coupling is that it wears less than a mechanical coupling.

[0041] In an embodiment according to the invention the mould elements are made at least partially of a magnetizable material.

[0042] The magnetizable material preferably comprises metal, such as steel.

[0043] In an embodiment according to the invention at least one of the auxiliary mould elements comprises a positioning element which is provided with an inner plate for the purpose of forming a periphery which is offset inward relative to the periphery of the first concrete layer and/or insulating layer.

[0044] The inner plate enables an insulating layer and/or second concrete layer which is offset inward, i.e. toward the centre of the floor part and/or wall part. Any desired dimension of any of the first concrete layer, insulating layer and/or second concrete layer can hereby be manufactured. Because the auxiliary mould elements can in an embodiment according to the invention be placed at a desired location on the base mould element, it is possible to suffice with a small number of so-called offset blocks. This increases the efficiency of the manufacturing process.

[0045] In an embodiment according to the invention the mould further comprises an offset block which can be placed on the inner side of the auxiliary mould elements for the purpose of forming a periphery which is offset inward relative to the periphery of the first concrete layer and/or insulating layer.

[0046] The offset block can be arranged on the inner side of the periphery of the auxiliary mould elements in order to offset the relevant layer inward. Any desired dimension of any of the first concrete layer, insulating layer and/or second concrete layer can hereby be manufactured.

[0047] In an embodiment according to the invention at least some of the mould elements are provided with a recess for a gripper.

[0048] The recess allows a gripper, for instance of a robot, to grip the mould elements and position them on the base, the base mould elements and/or the auxiliary mould elements in simple manner. In an embodiment the upper plate of the base mould element and/or the auxiliary mould element self-aligning owing to the gripping of the recess, which means that the upper plate lies precisely in line with the rest of the base mould element and/or the auxiliary mould element. Alternatively or additionally, the upper plate is also self-securing, which means that the upper plate is fixed relative to the rest of the base mould element and/or the auxiliary mould element. This ensures that the upper plate is brought into and fixed in the pouring position. This has the advantage that, after positioning, the base mould element and/or the auxiliary mould element is immediately ready for manufacturing of the floor part and/or the wall part.

[0049] In an embodiment according to the invention the mould further comprises a base for the floor part or the wall part on which the base mould elements can be placed.

[0050] The first concrete layer can in any case be arranged on the base. The base is preferably made of magnetizable material, such as metal, preferably steel. The base can hereby be coupled to the base mould element in simple manner with a magnetic coupling. Alternatively or additionally, the whole base can also be made magnetizable, such that the base mould elements can be coupled to the base.

[0051] The invention further relates to a system for manufacturing a floor part or a wall part with a sandwich structure comprising a plurality of layers, comprising a mould according to any one of the above described embodiments.

[0052] The system has similar effects and advantages as described for the mould.

[0053] The invention further also relates to a method for manufacturing a floor part or a wall part with a sandwich structure, comprising of:

• providing and positioning a mould according to any one of the above described embodiments;
• arranging base mould elements mutually adjoining on a base for the purpose of forming a periphery for a first concrete layer;
• pouring a first concrete layer;
• arranging an insulating layer;
• arranging a first layer of auxiliary mould elements mutually adjoining on the base mould elements for the purpose of forming a periphery for a second concrete layer; and
• pouring the second concrete layer.

[0054] The method has similar effects and advantages as described for the mould. It will be apparent to the skilled person that the method steps need not necessarily be performed in the above stated order. It is thus also possible to first fully construct a mould, after which the first concrete layer, insulating layer and second concrete layer are arranged one after the other.

[0055] In an embodiment according to the invention the method further comprises of:

• moving the base mould elements from the pouring position to the releasing position; and
• releasing the floor part or the wall part.

[0056] The floor part or the wall part is preferably released by successively removing the auxiliary mould elements, the base mould elements and the floor part and/or the wall part. The base mould elements are preferably released in a lateral direction in any case, wherein lateral is understood to mean a direction parallel to the base.

[0057] Further features, advantages and details of the invention are described on the basis of preferred embodiments thereof, wherein reference is made to the accompanying drawings, in which:

• figures 1A-G show different stages of a mould according to the invention during manufacture of a wall part; and
• figures 2A-D show cross-sections of a part of the mould according to the invention;
• figure 3 shows a wall part manufactured with a mould according to the invention;
• figures 4A-E show different variants of wall parts;
• figure 5 shows a schematic drawing of a base mould element according to the invention;
• figures 6-9 show several schematic drawings of a base mould element provided with an upper plate.

[0058] Mould 2 (figure 1A) comprises a lower layer of base mould elements 4 which are arranged on base 6. In the shown embodiment base mould elements 4 and base 6 are both made of steel so that base mould elements 4 and base 6 can be connected to each other in simple manner by means of a magnetic coupling. Base mould elements 4 form periphery 8 in which a first concrete layer can be arranged. Periphery 8 comprises first row 5a, second row 5b, third and fourth rows 5c and 5d, and fifth row 5e of elements 4. Third and fourth rows 5c and 5d are placed parallel to each other, wherein other rows are placed at right angles to each other. Rows 5a-e are placed in the manner of windmill sails, which in the shown embodiment means that row 5b is placed at right angles to the inner side of row 5a, rows 5c and 5d are placed at right angles to the inner side of row 5b, row 5e is placed at right angles to the inner side of row 5c and row 5a is placed at right angles to the inner side of row 5e.

[0059] Auxiliary mould elements 10 (figure 1B) are placed on base mould elements 4. Periphery 12 formed by auxiliary mould elements 10 is greater than periphery 8 of base mould elements 4, whereby periphery 12 is offset relative to periphery 8 by a distance D. Auxiliary mould elements 10 are also placed in the manner of windmill sails.

[0060] First concrete layer 14 (figure 1C) can be arranged in periphery 8 of base mould elements 4. The height of first concrete layer 14 is preferably equal to the height of base mould elements 4. Insulating layer 16 (figure ID) is then arranged on top of first concrete layer 14. Insulating layer 16 is arranged in periphery 12 of auxiliary mould elements 10.

[0061] In the shown embodiment the height of insulating layer 16 is lower than the height of auxiliary mould elements 10 so that a portion of periphery 12 remains for arranging second concrete layer 18 (figure IE) thereon. Auxiliary mould elements 10 can be removed (figure IF), whereby second concrete layer 18 and insulating layer 16 are released. Base mould elements 4 are then removed, whereby wall part 20 is released and is ready to be moved to a building site.

[0062] Part of mould 2 (figures 2A-D) is shown in a cross-section. Mould 2 comprises base mould elements 4a and 4b which are placed on base 6. In the shown embodiment two rows are placed adjacently of each other. Base mould elements 4 are provided with an upper plate 22 which is movable in Y-direction by means of first oblique surface 24 and second oblique surface 26. In figure 2A base mould elements 4 are in pouring position 28. Two auxiliary mould elements 10 are placed on top of outer base mould element 4a, such that a desired height for wall part 20 is reached. Wall part 20 comprises a first concrete layer 14 above which is provided insulating layer 16, this protruding by length L₁ relative to first concrete layer 14. Arranged above insulating layer 16 is second concrete layer 18, wherein overhang 18a protrudes by a length L₂ and overhangs insulating layer 16. In the shown embodiment upper plates 22a, 22b further comprise upper wall or upper surface 27 which (at least partially) support insulating layer 16, second concrete layer 18 and auxiliary mould element 10.

[0063] Auxiliary mould elements 10 (figure 2B) are removable from base mould element 4a. This can for instance be achieved by a magnetic coupling which can be switched on and off. Alternatively, auxiliary mould elements 10 and base mould element 4a can also be connected by means of a vacuum connection, adhesive connection and/or clamp connection.

[0064] Upper plate 22 (figure 2B) can be moved in X-direction relative to the base by means of a sliding movement. The sliding movement can for instance be realized by gripping engaging element 25 close to outer side 23 of base mould element 4a. By moving upper plate 22a downward base mould element 4a is in releasing position 30. In releasing position 30 there is in the shown embodiment clearance between upper wall 27 of upper plate 22a and second concrete layer 18.

[0065] In the shown embodiment the effective height of base mould element 4a is about 10 millimetres lower in releasing position 30 than in pouring position 28, whereby clearance 32 results between second concrete layer 18 and base mould element 4a. This provides the option of removing base mould element 4a.

[0066] Upper plate 22b (figure 2C) of base mould element 4b can then be moved downward so that clearance 32 also results here between base mould element 4b and insulating layer 16, whereby base mould element 4b is removable. Floor element 20 is hereby wholly released, after which it can be removed from base 6 and can be transported to a desired building site. After this, it is possible to place base mould elements 4a, 4b and auxiliary mould elements 10 on base 6 once again, wherein a different offset can optionally be realized. Mould 2 as described in the shown embodiments has the advantage that because base mould elements 4 can be connected to the base at any position and auxiliary mould elements 10 can be connected to base mould elements 4 at any position, any kind of dimensions and recessing can be realized.

[0067] Wall part 120 (figure 3) comprises first concrete layer 114, insulating layer 116 and second concrete layer 118. Provided in wall part 120 are door openings 150 in which a door is placed and window opening 152 in which a window is placed.

[0068] Different variants of wall parts 20, each with first concrete layer 14, insulating layer 16 and second concrete layer 18, are shown in figures 4A-E. Each of the variants 4A-E can be manufactured in simple manner by means of mould 2 according to the invention. Figure 4A shows a first variant wherein first concrete layer 14 of wall part 20 is recessed by a distance W₁ relative to insulating layer 16 and second concrete layer 18. Figure 4B shows a second variant, wherein second concrete layer 18 is recessed by a distance W₂ relative to first concrete layer 14 and insulating layer 16. Figure 4C shows a third variant, wherein first concrete layer 14 is recessed by a distance W₁ relative to insulating layer 16 and second concrete layer 18. The difference with the variant of figure 4A is that insulating layer 16 and second concrete layer 18 are overhanging relative to first concrete layer 14. Overhang 16a and 18a of respectively insulating layer 16 and concrete layer 18 extend here in a direction perpendicularly of base 6. Figure 4D shows a fourth variant wherein insulating layer 16 and second concrete layer 18 are recessed by a distance W₃ relative to first concrete layer 14. Figure 4E shows a fifth variant wherein first concrete layer 14 is recessed by a distance W₄ relative to second concrete layer 18 and wherein insulating layer 16 is recessed by a distance W₅ relative to second concrete layer 18. This means that first concrete layer 14 is recessed by a distance W₆ = W₄ - W₅ relative to insulating layer 16.

[0069] Base mould element 4 (figure 5) comprises upper plate 22 which is arranged on the upper side of the rest of base mould element 21. Upper plate 22 is provided with couplings 54, embodied as magnetic couplings in the shown embodiment. Couplings 54 allow base mould element 21 to be fixed to base 6. In a possible embodiment upper plate 22 is also secured to the rest of base mould element 21 by switching on couplings 54. Upper plate 22 further comprises grip 56 which is positioned substantially in the centre of upper plate 22 and grip 58 which is positioned on the outer side of upper plate 22. Grips 56 and 58 enable a robot arm to grip base mould element 4 in simple manner in order to pick it up or position it. In a possible embodiment upper plate 22 is positioned straight above the rest of base mould element 21 by the engagement of the robot arm in grips 56 and 58.

[0070] Upper plate 22 (figures 6-8) can be moved from pouring position 28 to releasing position 30 in different ways. One option is shown in figures 2A-D. A second option is an obliquely descending surface 660 (figure 6) along the whole width of base mould element 604. First connecting element 662 is arranged in upper plate 622 and second connecting element 664 is arranged in the rest of base mould element 621. First arm 666 is connected pivotally to first connecting element 662 and second arm 668 is connected pivotally to second connecting element 664. First arm 666 and second arm 668 are connected pivotally to each other by pivoting connection 670. Owing to pivoting connection 670 upper plate 622 can be moved from pouring position 28 to releasing position 30 or from releasing position 30 to pouring position 28 by pushing in or pulling out upper plate 622 in vertical direction.

[0071] Upper plate 722 (figure 7) can be connected pivotally to the rest of base mould element 721 with pivoting connection 772. Arranged between upper plate 722 and the rest of base mould element 721 is wedge 774, which can move upper plate 722 from pouring position 28 to releasing position 30 or from releasing position 30 to pouring position 28 by a horizontal movement parallel to the base. This is realized by a pivoting movement of upper plate 722 about pivoting connection 772, whereby the effective height of base mould element 704 can be adjusted.

[0072] Upper plate 822 (figures 8A-B) can be pivoted downward with double pivoting connection 876. Provided for this purpose in the rest of base mould element 821 is a groove into which upper plate 822 can sink. Base mould element 804 can thus be moved from pouring position 828 (figure 8A) to releasing position 830 (figure 8B).

[0073] Upper plate 922 (figures 9A-B) can also be pivoted downward using pulling element 980. In the shown figure pulling element 980 is embodied as a tubular element. Pulling element 980 is pivotally connected to upper plate 922 with first pivot arms 982 and connected to the rest of base mould element 921 with second pivot arms 984. Pulling element 980 can be pulled out in longitudinal direction X. Arranged between upper plate 922 and the rest of base mould element 921 is elastic element 986. In the shown figure elastic element 986 takes the form of sponge rubber.

[0074] By pulling out pulling element 980 in longitudinal direction X upper plate 922 is pivoted toward the rest of base mould element 921 by first pivot arms 984 and second pivot arms 982. The movement of upper plate 922 toward the rest of base mould element 921 is made possible by compression of elastic element 986. Base mould element 921 can hereby be moved from pouring position 928 (figure 9A) to releasing position 930 (figure 9B). In pouring position 928 height H₁ of base mould element 903 is 5 millimetres higher than height H₂ of base mould element 903 in releasing position 930. In an embodiment it is possible that elastic element 986 automatically expands and returns base mould element 904 to pouring position 928 by release of pulling element 980.

[0075] It will be apparent to the skilled person that the embodiments of figures 6, 7, 8 and 9 can also be combined.

[0076] The present invention is by no means limited to the above described embodiments thereof. The rights sought are defined by the following claims, within the scope of which many modifications can be envisaged.

Claims

1. Mould for manufacturing a floor part or wall part with a sandwich structure comprising a plurality of layers, comprising:

- a number of lower base mould elements, wherein the number of lower base mould elements can be placed mutually adjacently on a base for the floor part or the wall part for the purpose of forming a periphery for a first concrete layer;

- a first layer of auxiliary mould elements, wherein the number of auxiliary mould elements can be placed mutually adjacently on the number of lower base mould elements for the purpose of forming a periphery for an insulating layer and/or second concrete layer arranged above the first concrete layer.

2. Mould according to claim 1, further comprising a second layer of auxiliary mould elements, wherein the second layer of auxiliary mould elements can be placed mutually adjacently on the first layer of auxiliary mould elements for the purpose of forming a periphery for a second concrete layer arranged above the first concrete layer and insulating layer.

3. Mould according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one of the base mould elements and/or auxiliary mould elements comprises an upper plate which is movable toward the base and which is configured to provide a clearance for the purpose of releasing the floor part and/or the wall part.

4. Mould according to claim 3, wherein the upper plate comprises an upper wall which extends substantially parallel to the base, wherein the upper wall is configured to at least partially support the floor part or wall part.

5. Mould according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the base mould element and/or the auxiliary mould element comprises a pouring position and a releasing position, wherein in the releasing position the upper plate is moved toward the base such that an effective height of the base mould element and/or the auxiliary mould element is lower in the releasing position than in the pouring position.

6. Mould according to claim 3, 4 or 5, wherein the effective height of the base mould element and/or the auxiliary mould element is at least 1 millimetre, preferably at least 3 millimetres, more preferably at least 5 millimetres and most preferably at least 10 millimetres lower in the releasing position than in the pouring position.

7. Mould according to any one of the claims 3-6, wherein the upper plate is moveable toward the base by means of an obliquely descending surface between the upper plate and the rest of the base element and/or the auxiliary mould element.

8. Mould according to any one of the claims 3-6, wherein a wedge is provided between the upper plate and the rest of the base mould element and/or the auxiliary mould element, such that when the wedge is pulled out, the base mould element and/or the auxiliary mould element can be moved from the pouring position to the releasing position.

9. Mould according to any one of the claims 3-6, comprising an elastic element arranged between the upper plate and the rest of the base mould element and/or the auxiliary mould element, such that the upper plate can be moved from the pouring position to the releasing position by compression of the elastic element.

10. Mould according to claim 9, further comprising a pulling element which is connected pivotally to the upper plate and the rest of the base mould element and/or the auxiliary mould element, wherein the elastic element is compressed and the upper plate is moved from the pouring position to the releasing position by pulling out the pulling element.

11. Mould according to any one of the foregoing claims, wherein the base mould elements and/or auxiliary mould elements can be connected to each other and/or the base by means of a magnetic coupling, wherein the mould elements are preferably made at least partially of a magnetizable material.

12. Mould according to any one of the foregoing claims, wherein at least one of the auxiliary mould elements comprises a positioning element which is provided with an inner plate for the purpose of forming a periphery which is offset inward relative to the periphery of the first concrete layer and/or insulating layer, and/or wherein at least some of the mould elements are provided with a recess for a gripper.

13. Mould according to any one of the foregoing claims, further comprising an offset block which can be placed on the inner side of the auxiliary mould elements for the purpose of forming a periphery which is offset inward relative to the periphery of the first concrete layer and/or insulating layer, and/or a base for the floor part or the wall part on which the base mould elements can be placed.

14. System for manufacturing a floor part or a wall part with a sandwich structure comprising a plurality of layers, comprising a mould according to any one of the foregoing claims.

15. Method for manufacturing a floor part or a wall part with a sandwich structure, comprising of:

- providing and positioning a mould according to any one of the foregoing claims;

- arranging base mould elements mutually adjoining on a base for the purpose of forming a periphery for a first concrete layer;

- pouring a first concrete layer;

- arranging an insulating layer;

- arranging a first layer of auxiliary mould elements mutually adjoining on the base mould elements for the purpose of forming a periphery for a second concrete layer; and

- pouring the second concrete layer, preferably further comprising of:

- moving the base mould elements from the pouring position to the releasing position; and

- releasing the floor part or the wall part.

Drawing