AUTOMATED BIN FOR WASTE TREATMENT, AND WASTE TREATMENT SYSTEM THEREOF

Abstract

 The present invention relates an automated bin (1) for the collection and the treatment of the waste, comprising a container (10) having at least one opening (100) for inserting waste, waste treatment means (2, 3, 4), arranged inside said container (10), to treat the waste inserted in said container (10), at least one sensor (S1,...,Sn) to detect at least one parameter relating to said waste in said container (10), a logic control unit (U), electrical power supply means (15) to supply electrical energy to said waste treatment means (2, 3, 4), to said at least one sensor (S1,...,Sn) and to said logic control unit (U), wherein said logic control unit (U) is configured to read said at least one parameter detected by said at least one sensor (S1 ,...,Sn), and activate said waste treatment means (2, 3, 4) for the treatment of the waste inserted in said container (10) on the basis of said at least one parameter. The present invention relates a system (2000) for the collection and the treatment of the waste.

Description

[0001] The present invention concerns an automated bin for waste treatment.

[0002] The present invention also concerns a waste treatment system thereof.

Field of the invention

[0003] More specifically, the invention concerns an automated bin, intended for collecting waste, designed and made to optimize the waste collection space.

[0004] In the following the description will relate to an automated bin for the management of municipal waste such as, for example, domestic, vegetable and similar solid waste, but it is clear that the same should not be considered limited to this specific use.

Prior art

[0005] Currently, a bin of known type consists of a simple container with a cover.

[0006] The waste to be disposed of is placed in said container and the bin is emptied periodically.

[0007] However, a drawback associated with said bin of known type is that periodic emptying is independent of the filling level of the bin.

[0008] Therefore, it is possible that the internal volume of the container of the bin is completely occupied by the waste before the bin is emptied, with a consequent danger that said waste overflows from the bin and/or that said waste emits bad odours.

[0009] Finally, the bin of know type easily attracts pests, such as rats or cockroaches, as this bin often has cracks or openings in which these animals can enter.

Aim of the invention

[0010] The aim of the present invention is to provide an automated bin for the collection of the waste that allows the waste collection space to be optimized, thus reducing the danger of filling.

[0011] A second aim of the invention is to provide an automated bin that minimizes the risks related to the escape of bad odours from said automated bin and/or the presence of pests.

[0012] A third aim of the invention is to provide an automated bin for the collection of the waste that has high reliability, and is simple to make, so as to have a competitive cost compared to a bin of known type.

Object of the invention

[0013] Therefore, an automated bin for the collection and treatment of the waste is an object of the present invention, comprising:

• a container, having at least one opening for inserting waste,
• waste treatment means, arranged inside said container, to treat the waste inserted in said container,
• at least one sensor, connected to said container, to detect at least one parameter relating to said waste in said container,
• a logic control unit, operatively connected to said at least one sensor and to said waste treatment means,
• electrical power supply means, connected to said waste treatment means, to said at least one sensor and to said logic control unit, to supply electrical energy to said waste treatment means, to said at least one sensor and to said logic control unit.

[0014] In particular, said logic control unit is configured to:

read said at least one parameter detected by said at least one sensor
and

activate said waste treatment means for the treatment of the waste inserted in said container on the basis of said at least one parameter.

[0015] According to the invention, said waste treatment means may comprise waste mechanical treatment means in said container. In this case, said at least one sensor can be configured to detect at least one parameter relating to the insertion of the waste in said container and said logic control unit can be configured to:

read said at least one parameter relating to the insertion of the waste in said container, and

activate said waste mechanical treatment means on the basis of said parameter relating to the insertion of the waste.

[0016] In particular, according to the invention, said waste mechanical treatment means may comprise a grinding device arranged below said at least one opening.

[0017] In addition, said grinding device may comprise:

• a first cylinder, equipped with grinding blades or discs, as well as a first toothed wheel, wherein said first cylinder can be coupled to said container with freedom of rotation with respect to a horizontal axis in a first direction,
• a second cylinder equipped with grinding blades or discs, as well as a second toothed wheel coupled to said first toothed wheel, wherein said second cylinder can be coupled to said container with freedom of rotation with respect to said horizontal axis in a second direction, opposite to said first direction, and
• motor means, connected to said electrical power supply means, and coupled to said first cylinder, to rotate said first cylinder in said first direction and consequently said second cylinder in said second direction.

[0018] Furthermore, according to the invention, said grinding device can be arranged off-center with respect to a vertical axis passing through the center of gravity of said container.

[0019] Furthermore, according to the invention, said waste mechanical treatment means can comprise a compactor device, for the compression or semi-compression of said waste in said container.

[0020] In particular, said compactor device can comprise at least one mobile compaction plane inside said container and configured to pass from a rest configuration, in which it is arranged above said opening, to an operating configuration, in which it compresses said waste in said container.

[0021] Furthermore, according to the invention, said automated bin can comprise at least one slide, arranged inside said container so as to convey said waste from said at least one opening towards said waste mechanical treatment means.

[0022] Also according to the invention, said at least one sensor configured to detect at least one parameter relating to the insertion of the waste into said container may comprise a weight sensor, configured to detect the weight of the waste inserted into said container and/or a filling sensor, configured to detect the level of waste inside said container.

[0023] Furthermore, according to the invention, said waste treatment means may comprise anti-fermentation means for blocking the fermentation of said waste in said container and said at least one sensor may comprise a temperature sensor and/or an odorometer.

[0024] In this case, said logic control unit can be configured to:

read at least one parameter detected by said temperature sensor and/or by said odorometer, and

activate said anti-fermentation means on the basis of said parameter detected by said temperature sensor and/or by said odorometer.

[0025] In particular, said anti-fermentation means may comprise a refrigerating circuit for refrigerating the interior of said container and/or an ozonizer device and/or a UV lamp.

[0026] Finally, according to the invention, said automated bin can comprise a housing structure for housing said container, preferably of an insulated type.

[0027] In this case, said electrical power supply means may comprise at least one first electrical contact arranged on said container, and at least one second electrical contact arranged on said housing structure, wherein said at least one first electrical contact may contact said at least one second electrical contact and may comprise a first support element and a first spring connected to said first support element, and said at least one second electrical contact may comprise a second support element and a second spring connected to said second support element.

[0028] Finally, according to the invention, said logic control unit can be configured to send said at least one parameter detected by said at least one sensor to a central unit.

[0029] A further object of the present invention is a system for the collection and the treatment of the waste comprising at least a first automated bin for the collection and the treatment of the waste according to the present invention, at least a second automated bin for the collection and the treatment of the waste according to the present invention, and a power supply column for the electrical power supply of said at least one first automated bin and of said at least one second automated bin.

Brief description of the figures

[0030] The present invention will now be described, in an illustrative but nonlimiting manner, according to preferred embodiments thereof, with particular reference to the figures of the attached drawings, wherein:

figure 1 is a front view of an embodiment of an automated bin for the collection of the waste according to the present invention comprising a container for the collection and the treatment of the waste, a housing structure for housing said container, and electrical power supply means connected to said container;

figure 2 is a sectional view of a first variant of the container of figure 1, within which a waste grinding device connected to said electrical power supply means is arranged, for the grinding of the waste inserted inside the container;

figure 3 is a schematic view of a first variant of grinding blades for the grinding device of figure 2;

figure 4 is a schematic view of a second grinding blade variant for the grinding device of figure 2;

figure 5 is a sectional view of a second variant of the container of figure 1, within which a grinding device is arranged off-center with respect to a vertical axis passing through the center of gravity of the container 10;

figure 6 is a sectional view of a third variant of the container of figure 1, within which a waste grinding device connected to said electrical power supply means is arranged, for the semi-grinding of the waste inserted into the container;

figure 7 is a perspective view of the grinding device of the container of figure 6;

figure 8 is a sectional view of a fourth variant of the container of figure 1, within which a waste compactor device connected to said electrical power supply means is arranged, for the pressure compaction of the waste inserted into the container by crushing, wherein said compactor mechanism is in an operating configuration;

figure 9 is a sectional view of the container of figure 8, wherein said compactor device is in a rest configuration;

figure 10 is a schematic view of the compactor device of the container of figure 8 in said operating configuration;

figure 11 is a schematic view of a first variant of the compactor device of figure 8;

figure 12 is a schematic view of a second variant of the compactor device of figure 8;

figure 13 shows a refrigeration circuit for refrigerating the waste in said container, which can be installed in the automated bin of figure 1;

figure 14A is a side view of a first embodiment of a waste weighing unit coupled to a slide, according to the present invention;

figure 14B is a perspective and detailed view of the waste weighing unit of figure 14A;

figure 14C is a schematic view of a detail of the weighing unit of figure 14A;

figure 15 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of the slide of figure 14A;

figure 16 is a schematic view of a circuit showing the logic control unit connected to the sensors of the automated bin, according to the present invention;

figure 17A is a side view of the container in which a plurality of pairs of LEDs used to determine the filling level of the container are arranged, wherein each pair of LEDs is formed by a first LED or LED transmitter and a second LED or LED receiver;

figure 17B is a top view of the container of figure 17A;

figure 18A shows a circuit in which the logic control unit is connected to each pair of LEDs via an interface board and to a transmission interface board;

figure 18B shows a first LED and a second LED of a pair of LEDs;

figure 18C shows, in detail, a circuit diagram of a transmission interface board of the circuit of figure 18A;

figure 19 is a schematic view of a communication between storage means and the logic control unit, according to the present invention;

figure 20 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the electrical power supply means of the automated bin of figure 1;

figure 21 shows a circuit diagram of a further embodiment of the electrical power supply means of figure 20;

figure 22 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a primary circuit of the circuit diagram of figure 21;

figure 23 is a schematic and detailed view of a coupling between two portions of the electrical power supply means of figure 20;

figure 24A is a schematic view of a further embodiment of the electrical power supply means of figure 20;

figure 24B is a schematic view of a further embodiment of the electrical power supply means of figure 20;

figure 25A is a schematic view of a first embodiment of a system for the collection and the treatment of the waste, according to the present invention;

figure 25B is a schematic view of a second embodiment of the system for the collection and the treatment of the waste of figure 25A;

figure 26 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a movement group of the automated bin of figure 1;

figure 27A is a front view of a third embodiment of the system of figure 25A;

figure 27B is a top view of the system of figure 27A; and

figure 27C is a schematic view of a communication between a power supply column of the system of figure 27A and a central unit.

Detailed description

[0031] Figure 1 shows an automated bin for the collection of the waste indicated by reference number 1.

[0032] Said automated bin 1 comprises:

• a container 10, inside which there are arranged waste treatment means 2, 3, 4 for treating the waste inserted in said container 10 (the treatment of the waste can be a mechanical treatment or an anti-fermentation treatment),
• at least one sensor S1,...,Sn to detect at least one parameter relating to the waste inserted in said container 10.

[0033] For example, this parameter can be the weight of the waste, the filling level of the container, the formation of odorous compounds generated from the waste, the temperature.

[0034] The automated bin 1 also comprises electrical power supply means 15 electrically connected to said container 10, for supplying said waste treatment means 2, 3, 4 and said at least one sensor S1,...,Sn.

[0035] The automated bin 1 comprises a logic control unit U connected to said at least one sensor S1,...,Sn, to said electrical power supply means 15 and to said waste treatment means 2, 3, 4, and is configured to read at least one parameter detected by said at least one sensor S1,...,Sn and to activate/deactivate said waste treatment means 2, 3, 4 on the basis of said at least one parameter.

[0036] The automated bin 1 also comprises transceiver means 17, connected to said logic control unit U, wherein said transceiver means 17 are connectable, by a telematic communication network T, to a central unit CU.

[0037] In particular, the central unit CU can be configured to receive data from an automated bin 1 or from a plurality of automated bins 1 and send one or more command signals to coordinate the steps of collection of the waste from the automated bins. In other words, the central unit CU can be configured to implement a remote management of the automated bins 1.

[0038] The central unit CU receives the data sent by the logic control unit U and processes them to start the activities of collection of waste from the automated bins by the compactor lorries.

Structure of the automated bin

[0039] In the present embodiment said container 10 of said automated bin 1 has the shape of a parallelepiped.

[0040] However, the shape of said container 10 can be different the shape mentioned above, without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] By way of example, said container 10 can have a cylindrical shape. Furthermore, the capacity of the container 10 can be between 660 and 2,400 litres, with 1,100L being the one most widely used. The total load supported by such a container 10 can be comprised between 300 and 800 kg.

[0042] In one embodiment, the container 10 has a height between 1.20 and 1.50 m, with one or more openings or inlet mouths 100 for inserting waste, which may be equipped with one or more cut-resistant gaskets.

[0043] The dimensions of each opening 100 can be 133cm x 36cm, in the case of two openings 100 the dimensions can be 45cm x 26cm or 2cm x 30cm, or in the case of a wolf's mouth opening the dimensions can be 109cm x 26cm.

[0044] In any case, the dimensions of an opening 100 may be different based on the type of waste to be inserted into the container 10.

[0045] The maximum internal volume 10 of the container, and, hence, the maximum weight when loaded, can be proportional to the type of compactor lorry intended to pick up the automated bin 1 and to the gripping member with which said compactor lorry is provided.

[0046] In particular, the container 10 comprises one or more covers 100A to cover a respective opening 100. The covers 100A allow the container 10 to be watertight, and prevent insects and other animals from entering said container 10, as well as preventing the escape of bad odours. Furthermore, the upper outer surface of the container 10 can be tilted or rounded to prevent waste from being stably rested on said surface.

[0047] In more detail, the covers 100A can be provided with movement means (not shown in the figures) for being moved automatically. In this case, the movement means are connected to the electrical power supply means 15 and may comprise position sensors (also called proximity sensors) for detecting a user approaching or his hands near the openings 100. For safety reasons, the covers 100A of the automated bin 1 are closed by means of shock absorbers, so that the closure takes place with a slow movement.

[0048] The covers 100A can be double hinged doors, inner and outer, commanded with geared motorisations and shock absorbers, complete with response sensors to the commands received, such as for example a microswitch, for the definition of the position.

[0049] As mentioned, the automated bin 1 comprises or is connected to a logic control unit U. Such a logic control unit U can be arranged on an electronic board having all the terminals dedicated to the actuation or data reading services, coming from the devices used in the automation functions.

[0050] In particular, in one embodiment, the electronic components are arranged inside the container 10, preferably in the upper part of said container 10.

[0051] Furthermore, the automated bin 1 comprises at least one fan (not shown in the figures), connected to the logic control unit U, for cooling one or more electrical or electronic circuits.

[0052] In case of wet waste, the automated bin 1 can also comprise a cover. Said cover may be made of metal or other material, arranged at a predetermined distance from the upper part of the container 10.

[0053] Said cover has an opening at a central area (for the passage of a pick-up member described below) allowing the passage of an air flow around the container, so as to reduce the fermentation effect of waste, due to the heat inside the container 10.

[0054] As can be seen from figure 1, in the embodiment described, said automated bin 1 comprises a housing structure 11 for at least partially housing said container 10.

[0055] Said automated bin 1 further comprises a base 12 on which said housing structure is supported and mechanically connected.

[0056] Said housing structure 11 is fixed to the base 12. Furthermore, the housing structure 11 can comprise a side opening for facilitating the emptying of the container 10.

[0057] The housing structure 11 may be provided with one or more manual buttons and at least one pedal for opening one or more covers 100A to close a respective opening 100.

[0058] Said base 12 allows to position an automated bin 1 or a plurality of automated bins 1 thereon.

[0059] In the present embodiment, the shape of said base 12 has a longitudinal extension along a direction X and a thickness of about 10-25 cm. However, the shape (and the respective dimensions) and the thickness of said base 12 may be different from that described, without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0060] In the embodiment described, the housing structure 11 is 1/3 to 2/3 high the height of the container 10, so that any waste outside the automated bin 1 does not prevent the correct positioning of the container 10 inside the housing structure 11 after emptying the waste.

[0061] In fact, the height of the housing structure 11 between 1/3 and 2/3 the height of the container 10 allows the waste outside the automated bin 1 not to affect the insertion of the container 10 inside the housing structure 11.

[0062] The housing structure 11 can also be insulated, and thus have a heat screen function.

[0063] In particular, the housing structure 11 can have a double lamination, containing internally a coating of insulating material, such as that used in green building. By way of non-exhaustive example, recycled cellulose fibre filling with good thermal, non-flammable, anti-mould, anti-rodent and insect insulation, in order to reduce fermentation problems in hot periods. This solution is particularly beneficial for the management of the wet waste.

[0064] In addition, in the present embodiment, the automated bin 1 comprises one or more signalling devices 102 such as, for example, one or more signalling LEDs arranged on said container 10, preferably in the upper part of said container 10.

[0065] Such signalling devices are capable of providing data and/or information on the filling, operation, efficiency/inefficiency, maintenance and alarms related to the status of the automated bin 1.

[0066] However, in other embodiments, the type and the position of said signalling devices 102 can be different from that described. For example, the signalling devices 102 may be positioned on the housing structure 11. When the signalling devices 102 are signalling LEDs, said signalling LEDs can also be used as night lights.

[0067] In addition, the automated bin 1 can be provided with one or more receivers for voice commands, instructions and voice signals. The allocation of said receivers will be on the container 10 or on the housing structure 11, according to the automated bin model or needs.

[0068] Furthermore, said automated bin 1 comprises one or more electromechanical devices such as, for example, one or more buttons to push by hand or by foot, one or more RFID readers (transponders), one or more electronic key readers, one or more body approach sensors or one or more hand sensors, and one or more further signalling devices (not shown in the figures).

[0069] In one embodiment, said housing structure 11 can be fixed and have a height such as to avoid obstruction in the manoeuvres for the removal of any waste on the ground.

[0070] One or more buttons, one or more sensors, one or more screens and one or more electronic devices can be arranged on the housing structure 11 and/or on the container 10.

[0071] Alternatively, the automated bin 1 can be designed to be partially or totally buried.

[0072] The base 12 can be stable and anti-overturning in order to provide the automated bin 1 with a power of the order of kW, in wireless mode.

[0073] In addition, the automated bin 1 will have a suitable structure for being assembled, transported, inspected, performing ordinary or extraordinary maintenance and cleaning.

[0074] The choice of the material(s) with which to make the automated bin 1 must take into account the actions of acids, moulds, etc. and the fact that it must be cleaned periodically.

[0075] The automated bin 1 comprises a pick-up member 14 for it to be picked up by a compactor lorry.

[0076] Said pick-up member 14 comprises a hook or mushroom 140 to allow the compactor lorry to hook the container 10, a rod 141 provided with a head, a return spring 142 and a microswitch 143.

[0077] The hook 140 is shaped to be hooked by a picking arm of the compactor lorry.

[0078] In particular, the picking arm of the compactor lorry is able to act on the rod 141, which, in turn, drives said microswitch 143.

[0079] The microswitch 143 communicates with the logic control unit U, which commands the opening of one or more discharge doors, preferably arranged at the base of said container 10, for the discharge of the waste, by means of a respective electrical lock.

Waste treatment means

[0080] With reference to figures 2 - 13, the waste treatment means are arranged inside the container 10 and can be waste treatment means for the mechanical treatment of the waste, indicated with the numerical reference 2 or 3, based on the variant of the container 10, or anti-fermentation means 4 to prevent the waste from fermenting.

[0081] In particular, when the waste treatment means are mechanical waste treatment means, they may comprise a grinding device 2 for grinding the waste inserted into the container 10 and/or a compactor device 3 for compressing or semi-compressing said waste in said container 10.

[0082] Thus, such mechanical waste treatment means (shown in figures 2 - 12) may grind said waste or compact said waste in whole or in part.

[0083] The semi-compression function can be particularly advantageous in the case of plastic bins, as better illustrated below.

[0084] When the waste treatment means are anti-fermentation means 4, the waste inside the container 10 is preserved so as to prevent bad odours from rising.

[0085] Said anti-fermentation means 4 may comprise a refrigeration circuit (shown in figure 13) and/or one or more ozonizers (not shown) and/or UV lamps (not shown).

[0086] The combined use of the mechanical waste treatment means 2, 3 and the anti-fermentation means 4 allows a less frequent emptying of the container 10 of an automated bin 1, resulting in savings in waste management costs.

[0087] In fact, the combined use of the mechanical waste treatment means 2, 3 and of the anti-fermentation means 4 makes it possible to accumulate a greater quantity of waste inside the container 10 of the automated bin 1 than a known-type bin with the same internal volume and time, without there being bad odours in the vicinity of the automated bin 1 compared to the known-type bin.

[0088] Alternatively, in the absence of the anti-fermentation means 4, these bad odours can be reduced thanks to the insulation of the housing structure 11 arranged around the container 10.

Mechanical treatment means - Grinding devices

[0089] The container 10 shown in the embodiment variant of figure 2 comprises a grinding device 2. In particular, this grinding device 2 is arranged in the upper portion of the container 10, below the opening 100, so as to ensure that all the waste inserted into the opening 100 is ground.

[0090] The grinding device 2 comprises a first cylinder 200 and a second cylinder 201.

[0091] Each cylinder 200, 201 may be connected to a portion of the inner wall of the container by at least one support.

[0092] Further, a plurality of grinding blades 202 are installed on each cylinder 200, 201.

[0093] The two cylinders 200, 201 are arranged inside the container such that a respective grinding blade 202 positioned on the first cylinder 200 is alternated with a grinding blade positioned on the second cylinder 202.

[0094] A respective toothed wheel 203, 204 is also installed on each cylinder 200,201.

[0095] Such toothed wheels 203, 204 are meshed with each other so that the rotation of the first cylinder 200 in a first direction of rotation about a horizontal axis X causes the rotation of the second cylinder 201 in a second direction of rotation about an axis parallel to said horizontal axis X, wherein said second direction is opposite to said first direction.

[0096] Said grinding device 2 comprises a motor 205 (in particular said motor 205 can be a gear motor) which is coupled to the first cylinder 200 and operatively connected to the electrical power supply means 15 and to the logic control unit U.

[0097] The rotation of the cylinders 200, 201 may be activated whenever a quantity of waste is inserted into the container 10, as better illustrated below.

[0098] In other words, the toothed wheel 203 of the first cylinder 200 is a drive wheel, while the toothed wheel 204 of the second cylinder 201 is a driven wheel. In this way, when the first cylinder 200 is rotated by the motor 205, the respective grinding blades 202 of the first cylinder 200 rotate in said first direction, while the grinding blades 202 of the second cylinder 201 rotate in said second direction.

[0099] Since the grinding blades 202 on the first cylinder 200 are alternated with the grinding blades 202 on the second cylinder 201, the rotation of the cylinders in opposite directions promotes homogeneous grinding of the waste inserted in the automated bin 1.

[0100] The container 10 of figure 2 further comprises a slide 103 arranged between the opening 100 and the grinding device 2, to favour the sliding of the waste inside the container 10 towards the grinding device 2.

[0101] In use, the motor 205 will receive a command from the logic control unit U to drive the grinding device 2 whenever the sensors S1,...,Sn detect the insertion of the waste inside the container 10.

[0102] With particular reference to figures 3 and 4, it is noted that the grinding blades 202 of the grinding device 2 just described may be disc blades.

[0103] Figure 5 shows a variant of the container 10, in which the grinding device 2 has the same characteristics as that shown in figure 2, but is arranged inside said container 10 in an off-center manner with respect to a vertical axis passing through the center of gravity of the container 10.

[0104] Advantageously, this arrangement makes it possible to facilitate the process of emptying the container 10.

[0105] In addition, the container 10 shown in figure 5 comprises two openings 100 and respective slides 103.

[0106] Referring to figure 6, a container 10 is shown comprising a grinding device 2, in which the grinding blades 202 are replaced by discs 210.

[0107] Each disc 210 is provided with a rounded edge for crushing/compacting the waste inserted into the container.

[0108] Unlike the grinding device provided with grinding blades, the distance between a disc and the next disc arranged on the first cylinder is greater than the distance between a grinding blade and the next grinding blade arranged on the first cylinder.

[0109] The distance between a disc and the next disc arranged on the second cylinder is greater than the distance between a grinding blade and the next grinding blade arranged on the second cylinder.

[0110] The dimensions of the discs 210 can be adapted to the type of waste and to the result to be obtained.

[0111] Furthermore, the distance between two successively arranged discs 210 is greater than the distance between two successively arranged grinding blades 202.

[0112] Thanks to this combination of features, the container 10 can be advantageously used for collecting plastics. The discs 210, in fact, will cut in use the plastic waste inserted in the container 10 and compress them at the same time, without finely grinding them (so-called semi-grinding or semi-compaction process). In this way, once the waste has been extracted from the container 10, it is possible to recognize the different plastic materials inserted for their correct sorting. At the same time, optimal use of the capacity of the container 10 is ensured, which can therefore be emptied less frequently.

[0113] Figure 7 shows the discs 210 used in the container of figure 6. It should be noted that each disc has a rounded edge to favour the semi-grinding or semi-compaction process described above.

Mechanical treatment means - Compactor devices

[0114] Figure 8 shows an embodiment of a container 10 according to the present invention, wherein said container 10 comprises a compactor device 3 for compacting waste by crushing.

[0115] Such a compactor device 3 may be present alone or in combination with the grinding device 2.

[0116] In the particular embodiment shown, the compactor device 3 is a scissor crusher arranged in an upper portion of the container 10.

[0117] The compactor device 3 comprises a support 300, fixed to the container 10 above the opening 100, a compaction plane 301, arranged below the support 300, and at least two arms 302, arranged crosswise and coupled to the support 300 and to the compaction plane 301 with freedom of rotation and of translation with respect to said support 300 and to said compaction plane 301), along a respective horizontal axis X1, X2.

[0118] The two arms 302 are also coupled to each other with freedom of rotation at the point of intersection of the cross shape.

[0119] In particular, both the support 300 and the compaction plane 301 comprise relative sliding guides (not shown) for the respective ends of the arms 302.

[0120] Such sliding guides may be coated in slippery material, such as PTFE, to facilitate the sliding of the arms 302 within them.

[0121] Alternatively, the support 300 and the compaction plane 301 may comprise a plurality of ball bearings for coupling between the arms 302 and the respective sliding guides, to allow easy sliding and centring of said arms 302.

[0122] The compactor device 3 further comprises motor means 303, in particular a jack 303, coupled to one of the two arms 302 and operatively connected to said logic control unit U and to said electrical power supply means 15, for the movement of the arms 302.

[0123] The jack 303 may be of a hydraulic or electrical type, in particular an electrical linear actuator of the 3000-5000N type.

[0124] In use, the jack 303 receives the drive command from the logic control unit U and causes the passage of the compactor device 3 from a rest configuration, in which the arms 302 are substantially parallel to the compaction plane 301, and the compaction plane 301 is arranged above the opening 100, to an operating configuration, in which the arms 302 move with respect to the support 300 and to the compaction plane 301, causing the displacement of the compaction plane 301 towards the bottom of the container 10, and the consequent compaction of the waste inserted into said container.

[0125] This drive command can be sent by the logic control unit U whenever said at least one sensor S1,...,Sn detects the insertion of the waste inside the container 10, as better illustrated below.

[0126] The force exerted by the compaction plane 301 on the waste can be of the order of one thousand Newtons or more (for example, the reference is shown: 1 kg mass x 9.81 corresponds to the Newton force).

[0127] The fact that in the rest configuration of the compactor device 3 (figure 9), the compaction plane 301 is arranged above the opening 100 of the container 10, allows the insertion of the waste inside the container 10.

[0128] In fact, the waste that is inserted into the container 10 falls inside the container without being hindered by the presence of the compactor device 3.

[0129] Alternative embodiments may provide that the opening 100 is arranged above the compactor device 3, but in this case the automated bin 1 will be provided with a movement/rotation mechanism of the compactor device 3 inside the container 10, to prevent that the insertion of the waste is hindered by said compactor device 3.

[0130] Figure 10 shows a detail of the compactor device 3 (i.e. the scissor crusher) just described, in which it can be seen that this compactor device 3 can be fixed to a central column 304, passing through the central axis of the container 10, so as to improve the stability thereof.

[0131] This central column 304 may be coated in slippery PTFE or similar material to facilitate the movement of the compaction plane 301.

[0132] Figure 11 shows a variant of a compactor device 3 that can be installed inside the container 10.

[0133] In particular, said compactor device 3 comprises a support 300 and a compaction plane 301, analogous to the support 300 and to the compaction plane 301 just described, and an electrical linear actuator 305 arranged between the support 300 and the compaction plane 301, for the sliding connection between said support 300 and said compaction plane 301 along a vertical direction.

[0134] In use, the electrical linear actuator 305 receives the drive command from the logic control unit U and extends or retracts causing the passage of the compactor device 3 from said rest configuration to said operating configuration or vice versa.

[0135] Further vertical rails 306 are arranged between the support 300 and the compaction plane 301, in which the compaction plane 301 is slidably coupled to said vertical rails 306. The vertical rails 306 may be coated in PTFE or similar materials to facilitate sliding.

[0136] A further variant of the compactor device 3 of figure 11 is shown in figure 12, in which two translational screw jacks 307 are used instead of the electrical linear actuator 305, which are coupled to respective sides of the support 300 and of the compaction plane 301.

[0137] Alternative embodiments (not shown) may only comprise a compaction plane 301 movable inside the container 10 and configured to pass, following a command from the logic control unit U, from the rest configuration in which it is arranged above the opening 100, to the operating configuration, in which it slides inside the container 10 in order to compress the inserted waste.

Anti-fermentation means - Refrigeration circuit

[0138] Figure 13 shows a refrigeration circuit 4, which can be installed on the container 10, for the refrigeration of the waste arranged therein.

[0139] This refrigeration circuit 4 is connected to the electrical power supply means 15 and it is preferable that it is installed in an automated bin 1 intended for collecting food waste.

[0140] In this way, the fermentation of the waste inside the container 10 is advantageously avoided, and the consequent escape of bad odours, allowing a less frequent emptying of the same.

[0141] The refrigeration circuit 4 comprises:

• a refrigerating compressor motor 401, connected to the electrical power supply means 15, and
• at least one network of heatsinks 402 (to absorb heat) arranged inside the container in such a way as to at least partially surround the waste present in the container 1 itself.

[0142] Furthermore, in the event that the automated bin 1 comprises a plurality of sensors S1,...,Sn, arranged inside the container 10, one or more sensors of said plurality of sensors S1,...,Sn can be temperature sensors.

[0143] In this way, the activation/deactivation times of the refrigeration circuit 4 can be defined by a program installed in the logic control unit U, which can be configured to read the temperatures detected by the respective temperature sensors, compare them with a preset temperature and activate/deactivate the refrigeration circuit 4 to maintain the waste temperature within a temperature range comprising such preset temperature.

[0144] The refrigerant gas present in the refrigeration circuit 4 may be refrigerant gas R134a or another refrigerant gas, according to the standards.

[0145] The power absorbed by the refrigerating compressor motor 401 may be equal to 1/6 HP or about 120W.

[0146] Finally, the refrigeration circuit 4 may comprise one or more fans installed inside the container 10, to further cool the waste.

[0147] The refrigeration circuit 4 may also comprise a plurality of Peltier cells connected to each other.

[0148] However, this results in high production costs for the automated bin 1.

[0149] To lower production costs it is possible to use Peltier cells in combination with one or more fans.

[0150] The fans are generally inexpensive and easy to apply and are positioned at respective points of the container 10 to increase the refrigerating effect of such Peltier cells due to forced convection.

[0151] Finally, the housing structure 11 may also comprise a refrigeration circuit.

Anti-fermentation means - Ozonizers

[0152] As an alternative to or in combination with the refrigeration circuit 4, the anti-fermentation means may comprise one or more ozonizers (not shown) installed inside the container 10.

[0153] Such one or more ozonizers are supplied by the electrical power supply means 15 and configured to release ozone onto the waste when in use.

[0154] Furthermore, in the event that the automated bin 1 comprises a plurality of sensors S1,...,Sn, installed inside the container 10, one or more sensors of said plurality of sensors S1,...,Sn can be odorometers, i.e. chemical sensors capable of detecting the presence of odorous compounds caused by the fermentation of waste.

[0155] By way of example, the odorometers can be configured to detect the presence of odorous compounds regulated by the APAT (Agency for the Protection of the Environment and Technical Services).

[0156] In this case, the logic control unit U can be configured to activate said one or more ozonizers when the presence of odorous compounds is detected through said one or more odorometers. Additionally, or alternatively, the logic control unit U can be configured to activate/deactivate said one or more ozonizers based on the quantity of waste in the container 10 and on the time the waste remains in the container 10.

[0157] Eventually, in addition to or in place of the ozonizers, the automated bin 1 may comprise dispensing means for dispensing anti-fermentation substances on the waste, such as salt or bicarbonates.

[0158] Said dispensing means can also be activated by the logic control unit U on the basis of the presence of odorous compounds detected by the odorometers and/or by the quantity of waste in the container 10 and by the time the waste remains in the container 10. However, the presence of ozonizers should be sufficient to avoid the fermentation of waste.

Anti-fermentation means - UV lamps

[0159] The anti-fermentation means may comprise, alternatively or in combination with the refrigeration circuit 4 and with the ozonizers, one or more UV lamps (not shown) for irradiating the waste with a light radiation in the UV spectrum, in particular in the UVC spectrum, whose wavelength is comprised between 120 and 280nm.

[0160] UV light radiation has a germicidal effect.

[0161] Such UV lamps can be dual technology UVC-ozone lamps.

[0162] In particular, said lamps produce ozone during ignition, reacting with air oxygen.

[0163] The UV lamps of the known type are supplied by a 220V voltage and consequently the automated bin 1 must comprise elevator transformers to increase the voltage supplied by the power supply means 15 to a voltage value necessary to supply said UV lamps.

[0164] In fact, as better illustrated below, the voltages supplied by the electrical power supply means 15 are generally less than 220V. However, the presence of elevator transformers generates problems related to the need to safely isolate the automated bin 1.

[0165] In addition, each UV lamp can be connected to a respective power supply module.

[0166] The ignition signals are sent by the logic control unit U.

[0167] The UV lamps installed inside the container 10 can have the shape and sizes of the lamps normally used in common household appliances, such as refrigerators, microwave ovens, dryers, etc., which have a modest power, from 3W, 10V dc, radiation 254 nm.

[0168] In fact, in this way it is possible to install a plurality of UV lamps inside the container 10.

[0169] In particular, said UV lamps can be positioned on the inner surface of the container 10 so that the light radiation affects the waste and significantly reduces bacteria, viruses, and fungi.

[0170] In addition, these UV lamps can be easily managed electrically and mechanically, being able to have small-sized screw connections equal to about 5.5 cm x 1.7 cm x 1.7 cm.

[0171] Also in this case, the UV lamps can be activated by the logic control unit U based on the presence of odorous compounds detected by the odorometer sensors.

Sensors

Sensors for detecting the insertion of the waste

[0172] As mentioned, the automated bin 1 can comprise one or more sensors S1,...,Sn, shown in figure 1, to detect a parameter relating to the waste present in the container 10.

[0173] In particular, said sensors S1,...,Sn can be installed inside the container 10 in such a way that the logic control unit U receives information relating to the waste inserted inside the container 10 and activates said waste treatment means for the treatment of the waste based on said information.

[0174] Said automated bin 1 may comprise one or more weight sensors for detecting the weight of the waste inserted into the container 10 and/or one or more position sensors for detecting the filling level of the container 10 and/or one or more movement sensors for detecting the movement of the cover 100A of the opening 100 and the consequent insertion of the waste.

[0175] Furthermore, in the case of a waste treatment system comprising a plurality of automated bins, the logic control unit U can be configured to open in succession a first automated bin of said plurality of automated bins and keep it open until it is completely filled, a second automated bin of said plurality of automated bins and keep it open until it is completely filled, and so on.

[0176] This makes it possible to optimise the phase of waste picking by a compactor lorry based on the data received from the central unit CU.

Weight sensors

[0177] The weight sensors are configured to detect the weight variation of the waste inserted into said container 10.

[0178] In one embodiment, said weight sensor may be a weighing unit 18, shown in figures 14A-14C.

[0179] As can be seen from figure 14A, said weighing unit 18 is arranged inside the container 10 and comprises a first plane 180 and a second plane 181 arranged parallel to said first plane 180.

[0180] Furthermore, said weighing unit 18 comprises a plurality of springs 182 arranged between said first plane 180 and said second plane 181, a rack 183 having one end fixed to said first plane 180, a toothed wheel 184 connected to said rack 183.

[0181] The first plane 180 is coupled to said second plane 181 by said plurality of springs 182 and movable with respect to said second plane 181 along a vertical direction indicated with the reference letter Y. In particular, one or more sliding pins (not shown in the figures) may be used to allow sliding of the first plane 180. Such sliding pins may be made of Teflon or other material and may be included in a bearing system.

[0182] The weighing unit 18 further comprises an encoder 185 connected to said toothed wheel 184 and to said logic control unit U. In particular, as can be seen from figures 14B and 14C, said encoder 185 is integral with the plane 181 by means of a bracket St.

[0183] Therefore, when a weight force Pe is exerted on said first plane 180, due to the insertion of the waste into the container 10, the first plane 180 moves towards said second plane 181 along said vertical direction Y, inducing a displacement of said rack 183 and of said toothed wheel 184 proportional to said weight force Pe and readable by said encoder 185.

[0184] In fact, a pressing force, such as for example the weight force Pe, will change the distance D_d between the two planes 180, 181, inducing a displacement of the rack 183.

[0185] Such a displacement will induce a rotation of the toothed wheel 184 connected thereto, in turn integral with an encoder 185.

[0186] The movement of the encoder 185 (in a first direction or a second direction, opposite to the first direction) provides information to the logic control unit U for determining the weight of the waste.

[0187] The weighing is initialized by the data provided by the encoder 185 to the logic control unit U.

[0188] The weighing unit 18 further comprises a motor M1, preferably a stepper motor, drivable by the logic control unit U.

[0189] Following the opening of the cover 100A, the first plane 180 remains in a stable horizontal position for a short time, for example of the order of the second or more seconds, to allow the weighing unit 18 to stabilize, providing the encoder 185 with a datum which can also be averaged, between some significant values.

[0190] If the distance Dd between said first plane 180 and said second plane 181 is a variation, for example, by 20mm, with a maximum load of 20kg, for 2 kg there is a displacement of the first plane 180 by 2mm and so on.

[0191] Such a displacement involves a further displacement of the rack 183, integral with the first plane 180, which in turn induces, by means of a rotation of the toothed wheel 184, a rotation of the encoder 185, which provides the datum to the logic control unit U.

[0192] This logic control unit U is therefore configured to:

• open the cover 100A for the opening 100 and preferably a safety door (not shown in the figures) below said opening 100;
• establish the signal reading times of the encoder 185;
• move said first plane 180 between a rest position, in which said first plane is in a horizontal position, and an operating position, in which said first plane 180 is tilted with respect to the rest position, since it has been rotated by the motor M1 to drop the waste into the container 10, and vice versa; and
• activate said waste treatment means 2, 3, 4 for the treatment of the waste.

[0193] The datum relating to the movement of the encoder 185 is sent to the logic control unit U to determine the weight of the waste, based on the movement of the encoder 185.

[0194] The logic control unit U can send a signal containing the weight to a display so that the weight is displayed on said display, so that it can be viewed by a user.

[0195] The logic control unit U can be configured to determine the weight of the waste inserted into the container 10 over time.

[0196] In other words, whenever a quantity of waste is inserted into a container 10, the weight is updated based on said quantity of waste.

[0197] Advantageously, the global weighing of the waste is a datum that can be sent to the central unit CU to signal the need to empty the container 10.

[0198] As can be seen from figures 14A and 15, and as already described for figures 2, 5 and 6, the opening 100 is connected to a slide 103 to favour the sliding of the waste inside the container 10.

[0199] To avoid any impediments in the sliding of the waste caused by an increase of the friction forces, for example, in the case of wet bags, presence of glues or the like, the slide 103 is connected to a further motor M2 capable of generating a vibrational motion for a safe detachment of the waste from the wall of the slide 103.

[0200] In one embodiment, said slide 103 has a first free end and a second end connected to the opening 100 via a hinge 104.

[0201] The further motor M2 can be a misaligned lever motor. The drive of said further motor M2 is commanded by the logic control unit U.

[0202] In particular, the logic control unit U is configured to drive said further motor M2 to generate a vibration of the slide 103, so that the waste with a weight force Pe is deposited on the first plane 180.

[0203] For a short time the waste is kept on the first plane 180.

[0204] As mentioned, the logic control unit U acquires information on the rotation of the encoder 185 by means of the rack 183 and the toothed wheel 184 meshed with said rack and connected to the encoder 185, and since the rotation of the encoder 185 is proportional to the weight of the waste, the logic control unit U determines the weight of the waste on the basis of said rotation.

[0205] The evaluation of the weight by the logic control unit U can occur by performing the average value of several acquired values.

[0206] The weight is then managed by the software. The logic control unit U commands the release of the first plane 180 in the operating position, allowing the sliding of the waste.

[0207] When present, the grinding device 2 is arranged below the first plane 180, so that the grinding of the waste is activated following the weighing of the waste inserted into the container 10.

[0208] Once the weighing has taken place, the opening 100 can be closed by the respective cover 100A and the first plane 180 returns to the rest position (i.e., in a horizontal position).

[0209] Figure 16 shows the sensors S1,...,Sn, whose data are acquired by the logic control unit U via an interface board CC2.

Filling sensor

[0210] Figures 17A, 17B show the presence of a plurality of filling sensors arranged inside the container 10 for detecting the level of waste filling in the container 10.

[0211] In particular, the logic control unit U can be configured to read the filling levels over time and activate said waste treatment means 2, 3 when a filling level is greater than a threshold.

[0212] This threshold can be chosen according to the type of waste inserted in the container.

[0213] In addition, the filling level can also be subsequently transmitted to the central unit CU to signal the need to empty the container 10.

[0214] Ultrasonic sensors are typically used.

[0215] However, the use of such sensors is not effective for the disordered type of waste present inside the container 10.

[0216] In the embodiment described, the filling sensor comprises a plurality of LED pairs, wherein each LED pair comprises a first LED or transmitter LED Lt for emitting a light radiation (in particular an impulsive light radiation) and a second LED or receiver LED Lr for receiving said light radiation.

[0217] Said second LED Lr can be of phototransistor type, in particular infrared phototransistor.

[0218] In particular, each first LED Lt is arranged on an inner wall of said container 10 and a respective second LED Lr is arranged on a further inner wall of said container 10, opposite to said inner wall.

[0219] Thereby, each first LED Lt is capable of emitting a light radiation towards said respective second LED Lr and said respective second LED Lr is capable of receiving said light radiation, and the logic control unit U is configured to detect the filling level of said container 10 on the basis of the light radiation sent by said first LED Lt and received by said second LED.

[0220] The reception of the light radiation of the second LED of each pair of LEDs over time and the data relating to the filling level acquired by the logic control unit U allow to analytically know over time the filling level of the container 10.

[0221] In particular, said pairs of LEDs are arranged inside said container 10 in such a way as to form a network of pairs of LEDs, wherein each pair of LEDs is arranged on a respective plane.

[0222] In height, the pairs of LEDs may be arranged within the container 10 at 1/4 the height of the container 10, at half the height of the container 10, at 3/4 the height of the container, and at 4/4 the height of the container 10.

[0223] After analysis, the data are processed by the logic control unit U to activate or not said waste treatment means 2, 3 for the mechanical treatment of the waste.

[0224] Figure 18A shows the tuples of LED pairs Lt-Lr connected, by means of an interface board C_in1, to the logic control unit U.

[0225] The logic control unit U via an additional interface It can transmit the data, for example via Bluetooth, to a transceiver module, outside the automated bin 1.

[0226] By way of example, inside the interface board Cini the impulse electrical current for supplying a first LED Lt and the output voltage of the second LED Lr of the same pair of LEDs are shown.

[0227] The logic control unit U is configured to send to the power supply column 20 the information relating to the filling level of the container 10 (obtained by the pairs of LEDs Lt Lr) and to the voltages Voutn through a UART indicated with Tx Rx through a Bluetooth module (for example an RN4870 board).

[0228] Figure 18B shows a detail of a pair of LEDs comprising a first LED Lt for transmission and a second LED Lr for reception, wherein said second LED is of infrared phototransistor type, as already mentioned.

[0229] In the interface board C_in1 there is a basic circuit for each pair of LEDs Lt, Lr. The first LED Lt is fed by electrical current pulses so that it is not disturbed by the light present in the system, and to achieve high precision.

[0230] The first LED It works with infrared in a wavelength comprised between 700 and 800 nm, with a narrow angle (for example between 15° and 30°) and a high pulsed electrical current (for example between 100 and 200mA), with a duration of a pulse of some ms (for example between 1 and 10ms), and sends a radiation to the base of the second LED of phototransistor type, which transforms it into an electrical current in the collector. The load R will create a voltage drop proportional to the electrical current and therefore the voltage Vout of the on-off type, which contains the information to be used.

[0231] This voltage Vout communicated to the logic control unit U will be subjected to the processing of the dataset of the multiple pairs of LEDs. The interruption of the light radiation due to the waste will make it possible to know the filling level of the container and consequently the volume occupied by said waste.

[0232] The partial filling datum can also be transmitted periodically for the construction of a graph or time-filling table.

[0233] In figure 18C, a Bluetooth module is shown, for example an RN4870 board with integrated antenna, governed directly by the logic control unit U. The logic control unit U is configured to send to said Bluetooth module information relating to the filling level of the container (obtained through the pairs of LEDs Lt Lr) through a UART indicated with Tx Rx.

Temperature sensor

[0234] As mentioned, one or more temperature sensors of the PTC or NTC type or other can be located inside the container 10 to activate the anti-fermentation means 4.

[0235] In particular, the temperature values detected by each temperature sensor are acquired by the logic control unit U by means of respective interfaces and said temperature values will be managed by dedicated software.

[0236] For example, by means of said one or more temperature sensors it is possible to detect the maximum value and/or the minimum value of the temperature of the waste inside the container 10 by means of the logic control unit U.

[0237] As mentioned, the logic control unit U compares the temperatures acquired through the respective sensors and compares them with a predetermined temperature threshold and, if one or more temperatures exceeds said predetermined temperature threshold, it activates the refrigeration circuit 4 to decrease these temperatures and bring them back within a predetermined range.

[0238] The temperature values can be acquired by the central unit CU for the centralized management of the automated bins 1 to be emptied.

[0239] Said temperature values can be displayed on a display. Accordingly, the logic control unit can send said temperature values to said display.

Proximity sensors

[0240] Proximity sensors for detecting a user or his hands approaching can be installed directly on the container 10 or on the housing structure 11 or near the opening 100.

[0241] In particular, each automated bin 1 can comprise a plurality of proximity sensors (not shown), arranged at a different side or sides of the container 10, of the housing structure 11 and/or of the openings 100, to detect the approach side of said user or his hands.

[0242] This is particularly useful in the case of containers 10 provided with a plurality of openings 100 or with a plurality of user interaction devices, so as to activate only the openings 100 or the interaction devices arranged on the user approach side.

[0243] Such proximity sensors may be for example proximity sensors commonly installed on an automatic door to activate the opening of such a door, or proximity sensors installed in a car to detect a parking.

[0244] The proximity sensors may also be sensors for detecting the user's hands approaching the automated bin 1.

[0245] Such proximity sensors may therefore use different technologies and be infrared sensors, inductive sensors, magnetic sensors or capacitive sensors or ultrasonic sensors.

[0246] However, it is preferable that the proximity sensors are infrared sensors for ease of management, cost, and applicability.

[0247] In use, the proximity sensors detect a user approaching the automated bin 1 and send a signal to the logic control unit U.

[0248] Upon receipt of this signal, the logic control unit U can activate/deactivate the electronic devices connected and/or integrated to the automated bin 1.

[0249] In particular, once the approach of a user has been detected, the logic control unit U can be configured to deactivate the waste treatment means 2, 3 for the mechanical treatment of the waste, in such a way as to minimize the risks to the user. Specifically, the logic control unit U can be configured to reduce the mechanical movements that are potentially dangerous for the user (for example the introduction of the arm into the openings to insert the waste), for example by blocking any processing with mechanical movements and/or activating safety measures, such as the blocking of a safety door, inside the container 10, which separates the opening 100 from the internal portion of the container 10 comprising said mechanical treatment means 2, 3. Therefore, the waste treatment means 2, 3 for the mechanical treatment of the waste can be activated by the logic control unit U after inserting the waste into the container 10 only after the user has moved away from the automated bin 1.

[0250] At the same time, the logic control unit U can be configured to activate user interaction devices, such as one or more screens, to facilitate proper waste disposal.

Means for driving away animals

[0251] An automated bin 1, in addition to the waste treatment means 2, 3, 4 inside the container 10, may be provided with means for driving animals away from the automated bin 1.

[0252] In fact, in many areas of the cities it is frequent to see animals near the bins.

[0253] In particular, said means for driving away animals may comprise an ultrasound emitting device that is connected to said electrical power supply means 15 and can be activated continuously or in case of approach of animals.

[0254] In the latter case, the automated bin 1 is provided with recognition means for recognizing persons/animals, so that said means for driving them away can be activated when an animal is in the vicinity of said automated bin.

[0255] The generation of ultrasounds is a harmless method for driving away animals, and of proven effectiveness against mosquitoes, rats, wild boars, seagulls, insects, ants, spiders, fleas, cockroaches and other pests. Furthermore, in case of continuous operation of the ultrasound emitting device, this will also advantageously result in the pets being driven away, preventing them from dirtying the perimeter area to the automated bin 1.

[0256] The ultrasound emitting device may, for example, have an operating radius of up to 5m.

[0257] An ultrasound emitting device can be installed at a respective point of the automated bin 1, and it is preferably facing the road pavement.

Storage means

[0258] Said automated bin 1 comprises, storage means 16.

[0259] These storage means 16, connected to said logic control unit U, allow storing said predetermined temperature threshold or further predetermined thresholds for emptying the container 10 as a function of the parameters detected by the sensors S1,...,Sn.

[0260] Said storage means 16 may comprise one or more memories.

[0261] Furthermore, in said storage means 16 a high quantity of data can be stored, such as for example one or more user-referable elements (for example user identification codes), technical data to be transmitted out of real time, such as for example the filling level of the automated bins 1.

[0262] In one embodiment, said storage means 16 are arranged in a part of the automated bin 1, accessible only by an operator.

[0263] As shown in figure 19, said storage means 16 can comprise two memories, a first memory SD1 and a second memory SD2, and a reader can be arranged inside the container 10, also in an area easily accessible by said operator.

[0264] In the present embodiment, said reader is a reader or an interface board C_in2.

[0265] Each memory SD1, SD2 is read from the interface board C_in2 which is connected to the logic control unit U via the terminal M_SD and said logic control unit U will provide one or more information stored in one or both of the memories SD1, Sd2 to a screen Sch via a video interface C_Vid.

Electrical power supply means

[0266] As mentioned, the electrical power supply means 15 are capable of supplying electrical power to said automated bin 1 and in particular to the waste treatment means 2, 3, 4 arranged inside the container 10 and to the related sensors S1,...,Sn. Such electrical power supply means 15 are connected to the urban power grid or other sources of electricity, such as for example photovoltaic solar panels and may comprise one or more devices for wirelessly powering the container 10. In this way, the container 10 can be easily emptied by lifting, as it is not directly connected to any electrical cable.

[0267] Therefore, the electrical power supply means 15 comprise a fixed element, such as for example a power supply column (better illustrated below) and a wireless power supply device, connected to the container 10.

[0268] With particular reference to figure 20, in one embodiment of the present invention, said electrical power supply means comprise a transformer 15. Therefore, the transfer of electrical power occurs wirelessly, by means of induction from a transformer.

[0269] Said transformer 15 comprises two supports: a first support or first sheet 150 and a second support or second sheet 152.

[0270] In a first example, said first support 150 can be made of iron silicon, of the "E" shaped type and said second support 152 can be "I" shaped to close the magnetic flux generated by the first support 150.

[0271] In a second example, said second support 152 can be "E" shaped and opposite the first shaped support 150 (also "E" shaped).

[0272] In particular, the first support 150 supports the primary winding 155 of the transformer 15 and the second support 152 of the transformer 15 supports the secondary winding 156. The primary winding 155 is arranged on an inner wall of the housing structure 11 while the secondary winding 156 is arranged on a wall of the container 10 facing said inner wall of said housing structure 11.

[0273] The two supports 150, 152 are facing and opposite each other and allow the magnetic circulation of the flux generated by the primary winding 155 and linked to the secondary winding 156, allowing an energy transfer.

[0274] The energy transferred will be a function of the distance or air gap 154 between the two supports 150, 152.

[0275] By applying a voltage of 50Hz to the primary winding 155, by means of the first terminal or first clamp 151, the voltage necessary for the electromechanical and electronic components of the automated bin 1 on the second terminal or second clamp 153 of the secondary winding 156 is obtained.

[0276] The dimensions of the transformer 15 and the section of the windings depend on the quantity of electrical current required. The voltage level will still be below the limits of human safety.

[0277] The electrical power supply means 15 can be connected, in addition to an electronic power supply board and to the logic control unit U, also to chargers, to motor means, such as jacks or actuators, as well as to electronic boards and electronic sensors, electronic commands, one or more signalling devices, one or more display devices, etc.

[0278] In particular, each display device (not shown) may be configured to display one or more information videos to the user. In this case, the logic control unit U can be configured to receive information from a user (by means of interface means such as for example a keypad, at least one button, or at least one microphone) and send a signal to said display device to show illustrative videos based on such information, so as to allow an automated interaction user-bin 1.

[0279] Naturally, in one embodiment, said electrical power supply means 15 may comprise a plurality of transformers 15, according to the needs of the automated bin 1.

[0280] However, the solution just described, with the use of ferrosilicon, is not particularly advantageous since the losses are high and the yield is poor. For example, with a 1mm air gap, the yield is less than 60%.

[0281] In the light of the foregoing, the most suitable solution for the purpose of the present invention is carried out.

[0282] In particular, a greater yield is obtained using working frequencies between 30 kHz and 60kHz, since at such working frequencies, the losses due to the dispersed magnetic flux are reduced. There will be a strong reduction in the size of the devices, keeping the power at a certain level, with a good yield.

[0283] In this case, ferrosilicon supports or sheets cannot be used due to the considerable losses, but an MnZn ferrite sheet must be used for each support of the transformer (i.e., each sheet), with high permeability, high saturation, low power losses. Such material is extremely useful for various electronic applications. Thereby a safe, repeatable and inexpensive approach is obtained.

[0284] Figure 21 shows the circuit diagram C of this type of transformer, in which the working frequency is 40kHz.

[0285] The primary circuit C1 comprises a generator Gen, which provides a respective voltage VgA, VgB at a respective power stage PotA, PotB. The voltages VgA, VgB are offset from each other and the power stages PotA, PotB work alternately. The division of double ferromagnetism is observed.

[0286] The secondary circuit C2 comprises a rectification circuit C20 for rectifying a voltage and obtaining an output voltage +Vu. Said rectification circuit can be a rectifier with linear stabilisation or a rectifier with switching stabilisation, according to needs. The output voltage +Vu will be that necessary for the user. From said output voltage +Vu it will be possible to obtain a plurality of voltages +Vu1, +Vu2...+Vun, each necessary for a respective device, through respective switching devices.

[0287] In the embodiment described, the rectification circuit is a rectifier with linear stabilisation indicated with the reference "stab" and the switching devices are indicated with the reference "switching".

[0288] Figure 22 shows the primary circuit C1 comprising two transistors Tr1 and Tr2 which alternately conduct with a signal coming from a generator, for example a 50kHz square-wave generator.

[0289] In particular, the blocking and damping coils BI₁ and BI₂ are depicted in the circuit, and the capacitors which reduce the signal harmonics are C₁= 50nF 100V, C₂= 330nF 160V, C₃= 50nF 100V, making the fronts less steep and protecting the transistors Tr1 and Tr2.

[0290] Therefore, the switching losses are almost zero. The capacitor C₂ actively participates in the resonance. Such a circuit is similar to the Royer circuit, which, however, is self-oscillating, and therefore does not require any generator.

[0291] Thereby, however, there is easy operating and implementing linearity as the generation step will be delegated to the logic control unit U or to a further microprocessor (connected thereto) and the frequency is thus easily determined and stable.

[0292] Transistors of different types can easily conduct high currents, even of the order of tens of Ampere. For example, the two transistors can also be very robust, of the non-exclusive type, 2SD1047 from STMicroelectronics with 200V voltage and repetitive electrical current 12A and peak current 20A. The circuit depicted is essentially a resonant DC-DC converter.

[0293] The two supports 150, 152, can comprise male/female mechanical couplings, or any automatic alignment electromagnets to minimise the air gap 154 and ensure a precise alignment of the axes.

[0294] Figure 23 shows a first portion or female part 150A mechanically integral with the first support 150, and a second portion or male part 152A mechanically integral with the second support 152. A possible electromagnet will bring these portions 150A ,152A closer together. The axis setting will thereby be very precise.

[0295] A further energy transfer system provides the presence of electrical contacts arranged on the winding structure 11 and on the container 10, preferably in the lowermost peripheral part, taking into account moving parts of the container 10.

[0296] As can be seen from figure 24A, the container 10 comprises first electrical contacts or inner electrical contacts 10A and the winding structure 11 comprises second electrical contacts or outer electrical contacts 11A, which contact said first electrical contacts 10A.

[0297] More specifically, each first electrical contact 10A comprises a first support element 1000A and a first spring or first sliding spring 1010A connected to said first support element 1000A.

[0298] Similarly, each second electrical contact 11A comprises a second support element 1100A and a second spring or second sliding spring 1110A connected to said second support element 1100A.

[0299] With reference to figure 24B, in the case of compression spring-type electrical contacts 10A, 11A, the structure is similar to the previous one.

[0300] In other embodiments, the electrical contacts 10A, 11A can be different from the sliding or crushing spring electrical contacts. Furthermore, the number of contacts will also be a function of needs so as to divide the electrical current therebetween with less relative problems. By way of example, it is always necessary to restore the ground contact, in order to ensure safety, especially for the significant metal masses involved.

[0301] Furthermore, the electromechanical devices with high absorption in each automated bin 1 and all the other electronic devices will not be active simultaneously, but according to a programmed plan of use, in order to optimise energy resources.

Power supply column

[0302] With reference to figures 25A, 25B, a system for collecting and treating waste is shown, indicated globally with the reference number 2000, comprising an automated bin 1 for collecting and treating waste and a power supply column or pole or tower 20 connected to said first automated bin 1.

[0303] Therefore, the automated bin 1 is supplied by the power supply column 20 via said electrical power supply means 15, mentioned above.

[0304] In the first embodiment of figure 25A, the power supply column 20 has a base to be rested or fixed to the ground.

[0305] In the example described, the base has an upward tapered shape.

[0306] The power supply column 20 comprises a cover that can be provided with one or more lighting elements l_II to illuminate an area around said power supply column 20 and at least one camera Tel to record a video arranged in such a way that at least a part of said system falls within the field of view of said camera Tel.

[0307] The power supply from the power supply column 20 arrives at the base 12 via a connection Cav which is a low voltage connection with the urban power grid.

[0308] The power supply column 20 has the function similar to those of the car charging type.

[0309] In particular, there is a wired energy connection from the power supply column 20 to the housing structure 11, while, as already described, between the housing structure 11 and the container 10 there is a wireless connection, with a "transformer" type, in which a first half of the transformer (comprising a primary winding) is on the housing structure 11 and a second half of the transformer (comprising a secondary winding) is on the container 10, with a minimisation of the possible air gap. Powers of the order of kW can be used for this power supply.

[0310] The power supply column 20 can be provided with one or more courtesy lights, and, similar to the container 10, said power supply column 20 can also have a contactless card reader, one or more actuation buttons to be pressed by hand or foot, level indicators, at least one display, one or more recognition systems, etc.

[0311] The connection between the power supply column 20 and the automated bin 1 can be underground or protected.

[0312] In addition, the power supply column 20 may be equipped with one or more photovoltaic solar panels to provide additional electrical energy alternatively or in combination with the electrical energy provided by said electrical power supply means 15. The automated bin 1 can also be equipped with at least one photovoltaic solar panel, for the purposes already described, as a source of electricity.

[0313] In the event that the power supply column 20 is not present, the components of the automated bin 1 must be powered by said at least one photovoltaic solar panel.

[0314] In this case, the functions to be performed by these components can be chosen by a user and performed one at a time. In addition, the automated bin 1 may be provided with additional components corresponding to the components that should have been installed on the power supply column.

[0315] In addition, the power supply column 20 can comprise a further logic control unit and the transceiver means 17 for the connection part to the central unit CU, and to the automated bins 1 in Bluetooth, for the data exchange of all the programmed functions, as already indicated. In particular, the transceiver means may comprise a network adapter for internet connection. In this case, said further logic control unit and/or said transceiver means 17 may be in common with several automated bins 1.

[0316] In the embodiment shown in figure 25B, there is a less equipped version of the power supply column 20.

[0317] The data transmission mode from the automated bin 1 to the power supply column 20 and possibly from the latter to the central unit CU and vice versa, can be carried out by means of a circuit shown in figure 18C.

User buttons

[0318] Figure 26 shows the buttons necessary for the management of the automated bin 1. They can be positioned on the automated bin 1 itself and/or on the housing structure 11 and/or on the power supply column 20.

[0319] The buttons are available to users and can be used to open the openings 100 by means of a hand or a foot, to request information, to repeat commands, to listen to information, etc.

[0320] Furthermore, said motors buttons are connected to said logic control unit U, which, in turn, is powered by a power supply board Ali provided with at least one battery Bat. In particular, figure 26 shows the connection terminal A+ for connecting the power supply board Ali to the logic control unit U. The logic control unit U is connected to the power supply board Ali. Said power supply board Ali receives a voltage from the terminal G of a secondary winding of a transformer.

[0321] Said power supply board Ali rectifies and stabilizes the electrical current by means of one or more further switching devices (not shown).

[0322] Furthermore, in an alternative, the circuit shown in figure 26 can comprise one or more further microprocessors, each of which is connected to the logic control unit U.

[0323] Figure 26 shows the buttons or keys generically named PUn which are directly connected to the I/O Pins of the logic control unit U. The connection occurs with the connector MPu of the logic control unit U.

[0324] An alphanumeric keypad can also be provided with a smaller number of letters and numbers with respect to the number of letters and numbers of a keypad of a known type (for example, the alphanumeric keypad can comprise three letters and three numbers), if necessary it will be connected to the logic control unit U for reading the identification codes assigned to users, instead of or at the same time as RFID and/or electronic keys.

Fans

[0325] In addition, the automated bin 1 can comprise one or more fans, each of which is positioned at a respective point of the automated bin 1, for example to cool a respective electric or electronic circuit.

Connectivity

[0326] To connect the various devices or parts of the electronic circuits to each other, according to needs, it is possible to use a Bluetooth connection (for example an RN4870 board), a WiFi connection or one or more RS485 communication protocols or one or more MBus communication protocols, if the peripheral devices are not provided with power supply means.

[0327] The MBus protocol allows to use two electrical wires of any type, even if not intertwined. Unlike the RS485 communication protocol, the consumption of electrical current will be negligible since the consumption of electrical current is distributed over time. Small and constant recharges of the devices occur during the pulses of the transceiver.

RS485 connection

[0328] The use of the RS485 communication protocol allows to place several devices which use the same communication protocol on the same bus, so as to allow the communication between said devices.

WiFi connection

[0329] Direct WiFi connectivity can be obtained by using, by way of a non-exclusive example, the WiFi Module ESP8266EX SPI 4MB Flash UART/Antenna, provided with an antenna in the circuit, interfaced with the logic control unit U.

[0330] Such connectivity will also be useful in the event of a Bluetooth connection failure. In addition, this connectivity will be used to connect with smartphones, tablets, etc. Some applications can allow the thorough management of the automated bin 1 by the user, for their part, such as access logs, all the data collected, on the weight and quality and quantity of waste dumping where it was possible to collect them, schedules, any credit etc. This can also occur using Bluetooth.

[0331] This type of interface can also be used by service personnel for verification and maintenance, reading all the data (log) of the last days of operation and entering update data.

Waste collection and treatment system

[0332] Figures 27A, 27B show the system 2000 comprising a plurality of automated bins 1, as well as a base 12 and a power supply column 20 for said plurality of automated bins 1.

[0333] Each automated bin 1 is provided with a respective Bluetooth module Rnn therein, for example RN4870, which can communicate with a Bluetooth module RNc of the power supply column 20. Furthermore, the power supply column 20 is provided with a further logic control unit configured to receive the data processed and transmitted by each logic control unit U of each automated bin 1.

[0334] Figures 27A, 27B also show further Bluetooth modules RNn', which can be contained in the housing structure 11 of a respective automated bin 1. In such a case, each Bluetooth module RNn of each automated bin 1 will be interfaced to a respective further Bluetooth module RNn' of a respective housing structure 11. Said further Bluetooth modules RNn' will exchange data with the Bluetooth module RNc of the power supply column 20.

[0335] Such additional Bluetooth modules RNn' make it possible to improve the data exchange between the power supply column 20 and each automated bin 1, even at a considerable distance between said power supply column and each automated bin 1.

[0336] Furthermore, given the continuing difficulties due to the distance, in consideration again of the fact that the devices are not in the open free field, but are adequately contained in the bins 1 and in the housing structures 11, a wired system can be used, created between the power supply column 20 and the housing structures 11 by means of RS485 communication protocols.

[0337] It will be the task of the power supply column 20 to exchange data, for example through an Internet connection, with the central unit CU. By way of example, such communication can occur with the current WiFi 802.11ac standard.

[0338] As can be seen from figure 27C, a router SR with a SIM which allows connection to the internet can be inserted in each power supply column 20.

[0339] The central unit CU communicates with the router SR of each power supply column 20 to receive and communicate data by means of the Internet and/or a telephone data network.

[0340] In particular, the UMTS - (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) module, present in a respective router SR, stores the data detected by the respective automated bin 1 connected thereto, and periodically sends them to the central unit CU or at the request of said central unit CU.

[0341] Said data, stored by said plurality of power supply columns 20 are related, for example, to the previously described operation and to the remote diagnostics of the efficiency of the mechanisms of the automated bins.

[0342] The positioning of the power supply columns 20 can also be an air quality monitoring point.

Cleaning

[0343] With regard to the ordinary maintenance of the bins 1, they must be washed promptly, at a fixed, periodic, regular, close frequency.

[0344] In particular, washing the automated bins 1 involves the use of special machines. The washing should also contain sanitation.

Advantages

[0345] A first advantage of the bin according to the present invention is to allow an automation of all the functions thereof, such as, for example, the collection of waste, the treatment thereof to ensure the optimization of the spaces used and the transmission of data for better collection management.

[0346] This implies a consequent simplification, efficiency and optimisation of waste management.

[0347] Another advantage of the bin according to the present invention is to ensure that the installation area of such a bin is always clean and free of bad odours.

[0348] In other words, an advantage of the described bin is linked to an improvement in the cleanliness, decorum and hygiene of the area surrounding the bin.

[0349] Another advantage of the container according to the present invention is to allow a transfer of energy to the container, in particular in wireless mode, which allows the waste treatment means to be used without making it difficult to empty the relative container.

[0350] The present invention has been described, in an illustrative but nonlimiting manner, according to preferred embodiments thereof, but it is to be understood that variations and/or modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without thereby exiting from the relative scope of protection, as defined by the attached claims.

Claims

1. Automated bin (1) for the collection and the treatment of the waste, comprising:

- a container (10) having at least one opening (100) for inserting waste,

- waste treatment means (2, 3, 4), arranged inside said container (10), to treat the waste inserted in said container (10),

- at least one sensor (S1,...,Sn), connected to said container (10), to detect at least one parameter relating to said waste in said container (10),

- a logic control unit (U), operatively connected to said at least one sensor (S1,...,Sn) and to said waste treatment means (2, 3, 4),

- electrical power supply means (15), connected to said waste treatment means (2, 3, 4), to said at least one sensor (S1,...,Sn) and to said control logic unit (U), to supply electrical energy to said waste treatment means (2, 3, 4), to said at least one sensor (S1,...,Sn) and to said logic control unit (U),

wherein
said logic control unit (U) is configured to:

read said at least one parameter detected by said at least one sensor (S1,...,Sn), and

activate said waste treatment means (2, 3, 4) for the treatment of the waste inserted in said container (10) on the basis of said at least one parameter.

2. Automated bin (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein

said waste treatment means (2, 3, 4) comprise waste mechanical treatment means (2, 3) in said container (10) and wherein said at least one sensor (S1,...,Sn) is configured to detect at least one parameter relating to the insertion of the waste in said container (10),

wherein

said logic control unit (U) is configured to:

read said at least one parameter relating to the insertion of the waste in said container (10), and

activate said waste mechanical treatment means (2, 3) on the basis of said parameter relating to the insertion of the waste.

3. Automated bin (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein said waste mechanical treatment means (2, 3) comprise a grinding device (2) arranged below said at least one opening (100).

4. Automated bin (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein said grinding device (2) comprises:

- a first cylinder (200) equipped with grinding blades (202) or discs (210), as well as with a first toothed wheel (203), wherein said first cylinder (200) is coupled to said container (10) with freedom of rotation with respect to a horizontal axis (X) in a first direction,

- a second cylinder (201) equipped with grinding blades (202) or discs (210), as well as with a second toothed wheel (204), coupled to said first toothed wheel (203), wherein said second cylinder (201) is coupled to said container (10) with freedom of rotation with respect to said horizontal axis (X) in a second direction, opposite to said first direction, and

- motor means (205), connected to said electrical power supply means (15), and coupled to said first cylinder (200), to rotate said first cylinder (200) in said first direction and consequently said second cylinder (201) in said second direction.

5. Automated bin (1) according to any one of claims 2 - 4, wherein said grinding device (2) is arranged off-center with respect to a vertical axis (Y), passing through the center of gravity of said container (10).

6. Automated bin (1) according to any one of claims 2 - 5, wherein said waste mechanical treatment means (2, 3) comprise a compactor device (3), for the compression or semi-compression of said waste in said container (10).

7. Automated bin (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein said compactor device (3) comprises at least one compaction plane (301) movable inside said container (10) and configured to pass from a rest configuration, in which it is arranged above said opening (100), to an operating configuration, in which it compresses said waste in said container (10).

8. Automated bin (1) according to any one of claims 2 - 7, wherein said automated bin comprises at least one slide (103), arranged inside said container (10) in such a way as to convey said waste from said at least one opening (100) towards said waste mechanical treatment means (2, 3).

9. Automated bin (1) according to any one of claims 2 - 8, wherein said at least one sensor (S1,...,Sn) configured to detect at least one parameter relating to the insertion of the waste in said container (10) comprises a weight sensor configured to detect the weight of the waste inserted in said container (10) and/or a filling sensor configured to detect the level of the waste inside said container (10).

10. Automated bin (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein

said waste treatment means (2, 3, 4) comprise anti-fermentation means (4) for blocking the fermentation of said waste in said container (10) and said at least one sensor (S1,...,Sn) comprises a temperature sensor and/or an odorometer,

wherein

said logic control unit (U) is configured to:

read at least one parameter detected by said temperature sensor and/or by said odorometer, and

activate said anti-fermentation means (4) on the basis of said parameter detected by said temperature sensor and/or by said odorometer.

11. Automated bin (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein said anti-fermentation means (4) comprise a refrigerating circuit (4) to refrigerate the inside of said container (10) and/or an ozonizer device and/or a UV lamp.

12. Automated bin (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said automated bin comprises a housing structure (11) for housing said container (10), preferably of the insulated type.

13. Automated bin (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein said electrical power supply means (15) comprise:

at least one first electrical contact (10A) arranged on said container (10),

at least one second electrical contact (11A) arranged on said housing structure (11),

wherein

said at least one first electrical contact (10A) contacts said at least one second electrical contact (11A),

wherein

said at least one first electrical contact (10A) comprises a first support element (1000A) and a first spring (1010A) connected to said first support element (1000A), and

wherein

said at least one second electrical contact (11A) comprises a second support element (1110A) and a second spring (1110A) connected to said second support element (1100A).

14. Automated bin (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said logic control unit (U) is configured to send said at least one parameter detected by said at least one sensor (S1,...,Sn) to a central unit (CU).

15. System (2000) for the collection and the treatment of waste, comprising:

- at least a first automated bin (1) for the collection and treatment of waste according to any one of the preceding claims,

- at least one second automated bin (1) for the collection and treatment of waste according to any of the preceding claims, and

- a power supply column (20) for the electrical supply of said electrical power supply means (15) of said at least one first automated bin (1) and of said at least one second automated bin (1).

Drawing