Field of the Invention
[0001] This invention relates to packaged, fresh, ready to eat foods.
Background
[0002] While pre-packaged, ready to eat foods are a great convenience, such foods do not
necessarily equate to a healthy meal comprising high quality ingredients as these
factors are often sacrificed for ease of packaging, shelf life and transport considerations.
Furthermore, unless the packaged food is frozen, it has a relatively limited shelf
life even when refrigerated. There is clearly an opportunity to provide packaged,
fresh, ready to eat foods having an extended shelf life which provide a healthy meal
using fresh ingredients of the highest quality.
Summary
[0003] In one aspect, the invention concerns a cylindrical container for holding food items.
In an example embodiment, the container comprises a cylindrical sidewall surrounding
a central space for receiving the food items. The sidewall defines an opening at a
first end. A bottom is attached to a second end of the sidewall opposite to the first
end. A gas permeable membrane covers the opening and is attached to the sidewall to
promote and extend freshness and edible life of the food items. A lid covers the membrane
and is removably attached to the sidewall. In a specific example embodiment the sidewall
is cylindrical and the opening has a diameter equal to or less than 3.75 inches in
diameter.
[0004] By way of example, food items within the container may be primarily comprised of
fresh, ready to eat vegetables and lettuces. In a further example embodiment, the
food items may be primarily comprised of fresh, ready to eat fruits.
[0005] In an example embodiment, one or more inert gases are contained within the central
space of the container. The inert gases may include carbon dioxide or nitrogen or
combinations thereof. Further, by way of example, the gases may comprise residual
oxygen contained within the central space. In a specific example, the inert gases
comprise carbon dioxide over a range from 0% to 40% by volume. In a further example,
the inert gases comprise nitrogen over a range from 60% to 100% by volume. Also by
way of example, the gases may have a gas content from 0.5% to 20% oxygen by volume.
In another example embodiment, the inert gases may comprise 5% oxygen, 18% carbon
dioxide and 77% nitrogen by volume.
[0006] In an example embodiment of the container according to the invention the gas permeable
membrane has a permeability such that equilibrium between the central space and the
ambient is achieved within 48 hours of sealing the membrane to the container. Further,
by way of example, the gas permeable membrane may have a permeability such that the
ready to eat food items maintain freshness from 30% to 40% longer than comparable
packaged ready to eat food items. In an example embodiment, the gas permeable membrane
has a permeability such that the food items maintain freshness for at least 10 days.
Brief Description of the Drawings
[0007]
Figure 1 is an isometric view of example packaged ready to eat food items according
to the invention;
Figure 2 is an isometric view of example packaged ready to eat food items with the
lid removed from the container;
Figure 3 is a sectional view of example packaged ready to eat food items according
to the invention; and
Figure 4 is a flow chart illustrating an example method of preparing a packaged salad
according to the invention.
Detailed Description
[0008] Figures 1 and 2 show an example embodiment of packaged, fresh food items, in this
example a salad 10 according to the invention. It is understood that the invention
is not limited to salads, but is applicable to a wide range of food items, salads
being used herein by way of example. The example packaged salad 10 comprises a container
12 and a plurality of food items 14 positioned within a central space defined by the
container. Generally, the food items primarily comprise fresh, ready to eat vegetables
and lettuces as well as fresh, ready to eat fruits. In this example the plurality
of food items 14 includes at least a salad dressing 16 positioned lowermost in the
container 12 and a lettuce item 18 positioned uppermost in the container.
[0009] The container 12 comprises a gas impermeable sidewall 20 and a bottom 22. It is advantageous
to form container 12 from a food grade polymer resin such as polyethylene terephthalate
(PET) which is resistant to breaking and can withstand repeated washings and sanitizing
processes to allow reuse of the container. Sidewall 20 defines an opening 24 (Figure
2) oppositely disposed from the bottom. It is thought advantageous that the sidewall
be cylindrical and the opening be equal to or less than 3.75 inches in diameter. As
further shown in Figure 2, a membrane 26 is attached to the container overlying and
enclosing the opening 24. The membrane comprises a gas permeable barrier film used
in modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) and may be formed of materials such as low
density polyethylene, polyvinylchloride and polypropylene. Barrier films are appropriate
because they can provide decreased permeability to moisture and oxygen and thereby
preserve an atmosphere within the container 12 which delays oxidation and inhibits
the growth of aerobic spoilage organisms when used with gas flushing techniques associated
with modified atmosphere packaging. Membrane 26 advantageously has a permeability
such that equilibrium between the central space of the container and the ambient is
achieved within 48 hours of sealing the membrane to the container 12. Furthermore,
the membrane's permeability is such that the food items maintain freshness form 30%
to 40% longer than comparable packaged food items, such that the food items within
the container maintain freshness for at least 10 days.
[0010] During packaging, an atmosphere of one or more gases is established within the container
by drawing a partial vacuum within the container and then flushing the container with
the gas or gases, which may be, for example, relatively inert gases such as carbon
dioxide, nitrogen and combinations thereof. Residual oxygen may also be within the
container 12. Practical atmospheres within the container may comprise carbon dioxide
over a range from 0% to 40%, nitrogen over a range from 60% to 100%, and oxygen over
a range from 0.5% to 20%. In a specific example embodiment, the atmosphere within
the container 12 may comprise 5% oxygen, 18% carbon dioxide and 77% nitrogen. (All
ranges are specified as a volume percentage.)
[0011] In a practical example, a partial vacuum in a range between about 500 to 975 millibars
below standard atmospheric pressure is established within the container (with about
-600 millibars being thought advantageous). The container is then flushed with a gas
or a mixture of gases comprising about 0% to 40% by volume carbon dioxide and about
60% to 100% by volume nitrogen, with about 30% carbon dioxide and about 70% nitrogen
by volume being thought advantageous. The gas flush is conducted at a pressure ranging
from about 800 to 1013 millibars below standard atmospheric pressure, with about -950
millibars being thought advantageous. The container 12 is then sealed with the membrane
26 with the gas atmosphere within the container at the subatmospheric pressure. In
the practical example described above the gas pressure within the container after
the container is sealed comprises oxygen over a range from about 5% to 10% by volume,
carbon dioxide over a range of about 5% to 40% by volume and nitrogen over a range
of about 67% to 95% by volume. Specific gas content of 5% oxygen, 18% carbon dioxide
and 77% nitrogen by volume is thought to be advantageous. The packaged salad 10 may
further comprise a lid 28 removably attached to the container overlying the opening
24 and protecting the membrane 26. In an example embodiment container 12 comprises
a jar wherein opening 24 has substantially the same diameter as the bottom 22. Other
types of containers are of course feasible.
[0012] The food items comprising the packaged salad 10 are further protected from spoilage
by the order in which they are positioned within the container 12. In the example
salad, it is advantageous that the dressing 16 be positioned lowermost within contain
12 as shown in Figures 1 and 3. Above the dressing 16, a pickled vegetable item 30
may be positioned. Above the pickled vegetable item 30 a grain food item 32 and/or
a pasta food item 34 may be positioned. In the next higher layer a raw vegetable item
36 and/or a cooked vegetable item 38 may be positioned. A protein item 40 may be positioned
above the cooked/raw vegetable layers 36 and 38 followed by a cheese item 42 positioned
beneath the lettuce item 18 which occupies the uppermost position within the container
12. The term "lettuce item" as used herein is meant to cover a broad range of plant
items including leaf lettuce, Romaine, Iceberg, Boston, Bibb, kale, arugula, spinach,
radicchio, endive and Frisee' as well as various cabbages such as green cabbage, Savoy,
red cabbage, Napa, Bok Choi and Brussels Sprouts to cite some examples.
[0013] As can be imagined, the number and variety of food items which can form a packaged
salad 10 according to the invention leads to a large number of potential salad combinations.
As a practical matter however, appetizing salads can be organized (although not limited)
into four broad profiles depending on the food items positioned between the salad
dressing and the lettuce item. The four example profiles are:
- I. Vegetable/Grain or Pasta/Cheese;
- II. Vegetable/Cheese/Protein;
- III. Vegetable/Protein/Grain or Pasta; and
- IV. Vegetable/Protein/Grain or Pasta/Cheese.
[0014] Research has furthermore shown that there is an optimum relative content of the ingredients
for each of these profiles which leads to an appetizing salad which is expected to
have a maximum shelf life when refrigerated. The relative content for each salad profile
is present below.
I. Vegetable/Grain or Pasta/Cheese
Item |
Content Range (% wt) |
Favored Value (% wt) |
Salad Dressing |
12 to 18 |
14 |
Lettuce Item |
16 to 19 |
18.5 |
Vegetable Item |
8 to 38 |
30 |
Grain/Pasta Item |
20 to 45 |
26.6 |
Cheese Item |
8 to 11 |
10.9 |
II. Vegetable/Cheese/Protein
Item |
Content Range (% wt) |
Favored Value (% wt) |
Salad Dressi |
14 to 20 |
19 |
Lettuce Item |
16 to 19 |
18.5 |
Vegetable Item |
30 to 40 |
38 |
Protein Item |
14 to 17 |
16.3 |
Cheese Item |
8 to 11 |
8.2 |
III. Vegetable/Protein/Grain or Pasta
Item |
Content Range (% wt) |
Favored Value (% wt) |
Salad Dressing |
14 to 20 |
14.7 |
Lettuce Item |
16 to 19 |
16.7 |
Vegetable Item |
14 to 16 |
14.7 |
Grain/Pasta Item |
30 to 40 |
39.2 |
Protein Item |
14 to 17 |
14.7 |
IV. Vegetable/Protein/Grain or Pasta/Cheese
Item |
Content Range (% wt) |
Favored Value (% wt) |
Salad Dressing |
14 to 20 |
14.5 |
Lettuce Item |
13 to 17 |
13.5 |
Vegetable Item |
14 to 16 |
16 |
Grain/Pasta Item |
30 to 40 |
34 |
Protein Item |
14 to 17 |
14 |
Cheese Item |
8 to 11 |
8 |
[0015] The invention also encompasses a method of preparing a packaged salad. By way of
example, a method of preparing a packaged salad is shown in Figure 4 and may comprise:
- positioning a salad dressing in a gas impermeable container having a bottom and an
opening oppositely disposed from the bottom;
- positioning a lettuce item in the container at a position above the salad dressing;
- drawing a partial vacuum within the container;
- flushing the container with one or more gases; and
- sealing the opening with a membrane (44).
[0016] The one or more gases may comprise nitrogen, carbon dioxide and combinations thereof.
Advantageously for extended shelf life, the membrane may be a gas permeable membrane.
As noted above, in a practical example, the partial vacuum drawn within the container
may be from about 500 to 975 millibars below standard atmospheric pressure, with about
-600 millibars thought advantageous. Further by way of example, the gas flush is conducted
at a pressure below standard atmospheric over a range of about 800 to 1013 millibars,
with a pressure of about -950 millibars being thought advantageous. The gas flush
may comprise carbon dioxide over arrange from about 0% to 40% by volume, and nitrogen
over a range from about 60% to 100% by volume. A gas flush mixture of about 30% carbon
dioxide and about 70% nitrogen by volume is thought advantageous. After the container
is sealed, the gas content of the container may range from about 5% to 10% oxygen
by volume, about 5% to 40% carbon dioxide by volume, and about 60% to 95% nitrogen
by volume. In a practical example, a gas content of 5% oxygen, 18% carbon dioxide
and 77% nitrogen by volume is thought to be advantageous.
[0017] An example method according to the invention may further comprise positioning one
or more additional food items within the container between the salad dressing and
the lettuce item. The additional food items may comprise a pickled vegetable item,
a cooked vegetable item, a raw vegetable item, a grain item, a pasta item, a cheese
item, a protein item and combinations thereof.
[0018] Further by way of example, Figure 4 illustrates that a method may also include:
positioning the cheese item between the lettuce and the cooked vegetable item or the
raw vegetable item or the pickled vegetable item (46);
- positioning the grain item or the pasta item between the raw vegetable item or the
cooked vegetable item and the salad dressing (48);
- positioning the protein item between the cheese item and the cooked vegetable item
or the raw vegetable item or the pickled vegetable item (50); and
- positioning the pickled vegetable item between the grain item or the pasta item and
the salad dressing (52).
[0019] It is expected that packaged salads 10 according to the invention will provide appetizing
meals which, under constant refrigeration, will last for at least 10 days without
the formation of undesirable levels of bacteria or significant change in appearance
of the contents. Furthermore, the packaging of the container contents, complete and
without any intervening packaging or structure internal to the container is expected
to contribute to the convenience of use, as preparation of the salad merely requires
that the jar be shaken before opening to properly intermingle the contents.
[0020] The preferred aspects of the present disclosure may be summarized as follows:
- 1. A packaged salad, said packaged salad comprising:
a container;
a plurality of food items positioned within said container, said plurality of food
items including at least a salad dressing positioned lowermost in said container and
a lettuce item positioned uppermost in said container.
- 2. The packaged salad according to aspect 1, wherein said plurality of food items
further includes a pickled vegetable item positioned between said salad dressing and
said lettuce item.
- 3. The packaged salad according to aspect 1, wherein said plurality of food items
further includes a grain food item positioned between said salad dressing and said
lettuce item.
- 4. The packaged salad according to aspect 1, wherein said plurality of food items
further includes a pasta food item positioned between said salad dressing and said
lettuce item.
- 5. The packaged salad according to aspect 1, wherein said plurality of food items
further includes a raw vegetable item positioned between said salad dressing and said
lettuce item.
- 6. The packaged salad according to aspect 1, wherein said plurality of food items
further includes a cooked vegetable item positioned between said salad dressing and
said lettuce item.
- 7. The packaged salad according to aspect 1, wherein said plurality of food items
further includes a protein item positioned between said salad dressing and said lettuce
item.
- 8. The packaged salad according to aspect 1, wherein said plurality of food items
further includes a cheese item positioned between said salad dressing and said lettuce
item.
- 9. The packaged salad according to aspect 1, wherein said container comprises:
a gas impermeable sidewall and bottom, said sidewall defining an opening oppositely
disposed from said bottom;
a membrane attached to said container overlying and enclosing said opening.
- 10. The packaged salad according to aspect 9, wherein said membrane comprises a gas
permeable barrier film.
- 11. The packaged salad according to aspect 9, further comprising one or more gases
within said container.
- 12. The packaged salad according to aspect 11, wherein said one or more gases are
at a pressure below atmospheric pressure.
- 13. The packaged salad according to aspect 11, wherein said one or more gases include
carbon dioxide.
- 14. The packaged salad according to aspect11, wherein said one or more gases include
nitrogen.
- 15. The packaged salad according to aspect 1, further comprising a lid removably attached
to said container overlying said opening.
- 16. The packaged salad according to aspect 15, wherein said container comprises a
jar.
- 17. A packaged salad, said packaged salad comprising:
a container;
a plurality of food items positioned within said container, said plurality of food
items including:
a salad dressing positioned lowermost in said container;
a lettuce item positioned upper most in said container;
a vegetable item positioned between said salad dressing and said lettuce item;
a grain item or a pasta item positioned between said vegetable item and said salad
dressing;
a cheese item positioned between said vegetable item and said lettuce item.
- 18. The packaged salad according to aspect 17, wherein said salad dressing comprises
14% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 19. The packaged salad according to aspect 17, wherein said salad dressing comprises
from 12% to 18% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 20. The packaged salad according to aspect 17, wherein said lettuce item comprises
18.5% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 21. The packaged salad according to aspect 17, wherein said lettuce item comprises
from 16% to 19% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 22. The packaged salad according to aspect 17, wherein said vegetable item comprises
30% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 23. The packaged salad according to aspect 17, wherein said vegetable item comprises
from 8% to 38% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 24. The packaged salad according to aspect 17, wherein said grain item or said pasta
item comprises 26.6% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 25. The packaged salad according to aspect 17, wherein said grain item or said pasta
item comprises from 20% to 45% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 26. The packaged salad according to aspect 17, wherein said cheese item comprises
10.9% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 27. The packaged salad according to aspect 17, wherein said cheese item comprises
from 8% to 11% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 28. A packaged salad, said packaged salad comprising:
a container;
a plurality of food items positioned within said container, said plurality of food
items including:
a salad dressing positioned lowermost in said container;
a lettuce item positioned upper most in said container;
a vegetable item positioned between said salad dressing and said lettuce item;
a protein item positioned between said vegetable item and said lettuce item;
a cheese item positioned between said protein item and said lettuce item.
- 29. The packaged salad according to aspect 28, wherein said salad dressing comprises
19% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 30. The packaged salad according to aspect 28, wherein said salad dressing comprises
from 14% to 20% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 31. The packaged salad according to aspect 28, wherein said lettuce item comprises
18.5% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 32. The packaged salad according to aspect 28, wherein said lettuce item comprises
from 16% to 19% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 33. The packaged salad according to aspect 28, wherein said vegetable item comprises
38% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 34. The packaged salad according to aspect 28, wherein said vegetable item comprises
from 30% to 40% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 35. The packaged salad according to aspect 28, wherein said protein item comprises
16.3% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 36. The packaged salad according to aspect 28, wherein said protein item comprises
from 14% to 17% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 37. The packaged salad according to aspect 28, wherein said cheese item comprises
8.2% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 38. The packaged salad according to aspect 28, wherein said cheese item comprises
from 8% to 11% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 39. A packaged salad, said packaged salad comprising:
a container;
a plurality of food items positioned within said container, said plurality of food
items including:
a salad dressing positioned lowermost in said container;
a lettuce item positioned upper most in said container;
a vegetable item positioned between said salad dressing and said lettuce item;
a grain item or a pasta item positioned between said vegetable item and said salad
dressing;
a protein item positioned between said vegetable item and said lettuce item.
- 40. The packaged salad according to aspect 39, wherein said salad dressing comprises
14.7% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 41. The packaged salad according to aspect 39, wherein said salad dressing comprises
from 14% to 20% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 42. The packaged salad according to aspect 39, wherein said lettuce item comprises
16.7% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 43. The packaged salad according to aspect 39, wherein said lettuce item comprises
from 16% to 19% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 44. The packaged salad according to aspect 39, wherein said vegetable item comprises
14.7% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 45. The packaged salad according to aspect 39, wherein said vegetable item comprises
from 14% to 16% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 46. The packaged salad according to aspect 39, wherein said grain item or said pasta
item comprises 39.2% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 47. The packaged salad according to aspect 39, wherein said grain item or said pasta
item comprises from 30% to 40% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 48. The packaged salad according to aspect 39, wherein said protein item comprises
14.7% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 49. The packaged salad according to aspect 39, wherein said protein item comprises
from 14% to 17% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 50. A packaged salad, said packaged salad comprising:
a container;
a plurality of food items positioned within said container, said plurality of food
items including:
a salad dressing positioned lowermost in said container;
a lettuce item positioned upper most in said container;
a vegetable item positioned between said salad dressing and said lettuce item;
a grain item or a pasta item positioned between said vegetable item and said salad
dressing;
a protein item positioned between said vegetable item and said lettuce item;
a cheese item positioned between said protein item and said lettuce item.
- 51. The packaged salad according to aspect 50, wherein said salad dressing comprises
14.5% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 52. The packaged salad according to aspect 50, wherein said salad dressing comprises
from 14% to 20% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 53. The packaged salad according to aspect 50, wherein said lettuce item comprises
13.5% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 54. The packaged salad according to aspect 50, wherein said lettuce item comprises
from 13% to 17% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 55. The packaged salad according to aspect 50, wherein said vegetable item comprises
16% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 56. The packaged salad according to aspect 50, wherein said vegetable item comprises
from 14% to 16% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 57. The packaged salad according to aspect 50, wherein said grain item or said pasta
item comprises 34% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 58. The packaged salad according to aspect 50, wherein said grain item or said pasta
item comprises from 30% to 40% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 59. The packaged salad according to aspect 50, wherein said protein item comprises
14% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 60. The packaged salad according to aspect 50, wherein said protein item comprises
from 14% to 17% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 61. The packaged salad according to aspect 50, wherein said cheese item comprises
8% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 62. The packaged salad according to aspect 50, wherein said cheese item comprises
from 8% to 11% of said packaged salad by weight.
- 63. A method of preparing a packaged salad, said method comprising:
positioning a salad dressing in a gas impermeable container having a bottom and an
opening oppositely disposed from said bottom;
positioning a lettuce item in said container at a position above said salad dressing;
drawing a partial vacuum within said container;
flushing said container with one or more gases; and
sealing said opening with a membrane.
- 64. The method according to aspect 63, wherein said one or more gases comprise nitrogen.
- 65. The method according to aspect 63, wherein said one or more gases comprise carbon
dioxide.
- 66. The method according to aspect 63, wherein said membrane is a gas permeable membrane.
- 67. The method according to aspect 63, further comprising positioning one or more
additional food items within said container between said salad dressing and said lettuce
item.
- 68. The method according to aspect 67, wherein said additional food items comprise
a pickled vegetable item, a cooked vegetable item, a raw vegetable item, a grain item,
a pasta item, a cheese item, a protein item and combinations thereof.
- 69. The method according to aspect 68, further comprising:
positioning said cheese item between said lettuce and said cooked vegetable item or
said raw vegetable item or said pickled vegetable item.
- 70. The method according to aspect 69 further comprising positioning said grain item
or said pasta item between said raw vegetable item or said cooked vegetable item and
said salad dressing.
- 71. The method according to aspect 69, further comprising positioning said protein
item between said cheese item and said cooked vegetable item or said raw vegetable
item or said pickled vegetable item.
- 72. The method according to aspect 69 further comprising positioning said pickled
vegetable item between said grain item or said pasta item and said salad dressing.
- 73. The method according to aspect 63, further comprising drawing said partial vacuum
over a pressure range of 500-975 millibars below standard atmospheric pressure.
- 74. The method according to aspect 63, further comprising drawing said partial vacuum
at a pressure of 600 millibars below standard atmospheric pressure.
- 75. The method according to aspect 63, wherein said flushing is conducted over a pressure
range of 800-1013 millibars below standard atmospheric pressure.
- 76. The method according to aspect 63, wherein said flushing is conducted at a pressure
of 950 millibars below standard atmospheric pressure.
- 77. The method according to aspect 63, wherein said one or more gases comprises carbon
dioxide over a range from 0% to 40% by volume.
- 78. The method according to aspect 63, wherein said one or more gases comprises nitrogen
over a range from 60% to 100% by volume.
- 79. The method according to aspect 63, wherein said one or more gases comprises 30%
carbon dioxide and 70% nitrogen by volume.
- 80. The method according to aspect 63, wherein said container has a gas content from
5% to 10% oxygen by volume after sealing said opening.
- 81. The method according to aspect 63, wherein said container has a gas content from
5% to 40% carbon dioxide by volume after sealing said opening.
- 82. The method according to aspect 63, wherein said container has a gas content from
60% to 95% nitrogen by volume after sealing said opening.
- 83. The method according to aspect 63, said container has a gas content of 5% oxygen,
18% carbon dioxide and 77% nitrogen by volume after sealing said opening.
- 84. The method according to aspect 63, wherein said container has an internal pressure
over a pressure range of 800-1013 millibars below standard atmospheric pressure after
sealing said opening.
- 85. The method according to aspect 63, wherein said container has an internal pressure
of 950 millibars below standard atmospheric pressure after sealing said opening.
1. A packaged salad, said packaged salad comprising:
a. a container;
b. a plurality of food items positioned within said container, said plurality of food
items including at least a salad dressing positioned lowermost in said container and
a lettuce item positioned uppermost in said container.
2. The packaged salad according to claim 1, wherein said plurality of food items further
includes a pickled vegetable item positioned between said salad dressing and said
lettuce item.
3. The packaged salad according to claim 1, wherein said plurality of food items further
includes a grain food item positioned between said salad dressing and said lettuce
item.
4. The packaged salad according to claim 1, wherein said plurality of food items further
includes a pasta food item positioned between said salad dressing and said lettuce
item.
5. The packaged salad according to claim 1, wherein said plurality of food items further
includes a raw vegetable item positioned between said salad dressing and said lettuce
item.
6. The packaged salad according to claim 1, wherein said plurality of food items further
includes a cooked vegetable item positioned between said salad dressing and said lettuce
item.
7. The packaged salad according to claim 1, wherein said plurality of food items further
includes a protein item positioned between said salad dressing and said lettuce item.
8. The packaged salad according to claim 1, wherein said plurality of food items further
includes a cheese item positioned between said salad dressing and said lettuce item.
9. The packaged salad according to claim 1, wherein said container comprises:
a. a gas impermeable sidewall and bottom, said sidewall defining an opening oppositely
disposed from said bottom;
b. a membrane attached to said container overlying and enclosing said opening.
10. The packaged salad according to claim 9, wherein said membrane comprises a gas permeable
barrier film.
11. The packaged salad according to claim 9, further comprising one or more gases within
said container.
12. The packaged salad according to claim 11, wherein said one or more gases are at a
pressure below atmospheric pressure.
13. The packaged salad according to claim 1, further comprising a lid removably attached
to said container overlying said opening.
14. The packaged salad according to claim 11, wherein said one or more gases comprise
at least one of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, or oxygen.
15. The packaged salad according to claim 11, wherein said one or more gases comprise
carbon dioxide over a range from 0% to 40% by volume.
16. The packaged salad according to claim 11, wherein said one or more gases comprise
nitrogen over a range from 60% to 100% by volume.
17. The packaged salad according to claim 11, wherein said one or more gases comprise
oxygen over a range from 0.5% to 20% by volume.
18. The packaged salad according to claim 11, wherein said one or more gases comprise
5% oxygen, 18% carbon dioxide and 77% nitrogen by volume.
19. The packaged salad according to claim 10, wherein said container comprises a space
in communication with said opening, wherein said gas permeable barrier film has a
permeability such that equilibrium between said space within said container and an
ambient is achieved within 48 hours of sealing said membrane to said container.
20. The packaged salad according to claim 10, wherein said gas permeable barrier film
has a permeability such that said plurality of food items maintain freshness for at
least 10 days.