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(11) | EP 4 481 130 A1 |
| (12) | EUROPEAN PATENT APPLICATION |
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| (54) | SANDWICH PANEL FOR CLADDING OR COVERING ROOFS OR FOR OBTAINING WALLS |
| (57) The present invention relates to a sandwich panel for cladding or covering roofs
or for obtaining walls.
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TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates to a new sandwich panel for obtaining walls or for cladding or covering roof as well as a wall or a covering or a cladding for a roof comprising a plurality of such panels and a method for obtaining the same panel.
STATE OF THE PRIOR ART
[0002] For the obtainment of curved roofs, panels are used that are made straight and then curved on site or even beforehand so as to obtain the desired structure.
[0003] However, with the panels proposed up to now, the bending step is very often difficult to carry out in a satisfactory manner or in any case the components of the panels are damaged.
[0004] GB2374878A, KR101428733B1, GB1141804A, EP1312726A1, EP1570141A1 and SI1592526T1 teach respective solutions according to the prior art.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
[0005] An object of the present invention is to provide a new sandwich panel for cladding or covering roofs or for obtaining walls.
[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide a panel as aforesaid which can be curved in a simple, rapid and effective manner.
[0007] Another object of the present invention is to provide a new curved roof or a curved wall made up of panels as above indicated.
[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide a new method for obtaining such a roof or wall.
[0010] According to another aspect of the invention, a covering or cladding for a roof or a wall according to claim 12 is provided.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0013] Other features and advantages of the invention will be more evident from the description of embodiments of panel and roof or wall, illustrated for illustrative purposes in the attached drawings in which:
- figure 1 is a schematic side view of a panel according to the present invention,
- figures 2 to 4 represent side views of respective embodiments of sheet for the intrados of a panel according to the present invention,
- figure 5 is a schematic side view of the connection of panels according to the present invention,
- figures 6 to 8 illustrate from below and from the side a covering or cladding for a roof according to the present invention not mounted on a building,
- figure 9 is a side view of a covering or cladding for a roof according to the present invention not mounted on a building.
[0014] In the attached drawings, identical parts or components are identified by the same reference numbers.
EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
[0015] With reference to the enclosed drawings, a sandwich panel 1 has been shown for cladding or covering roofs or for obtaining walls according to the present invention.
[0016] The panel includes two main extension faces 1a, 1b with main lying plane substantially parallel one with respect to the other and further includes lower extension edge faces comprising a front face 1c, a rear face 1d parallel or in any case opposite to the front face 1c as well as two side faces 1e, 1f.
[0017] Therefore, the panel has a top and a bottom at the main extension faces 1a, 1b, a front at the front face 1c, a back, at the rear face 1d, as well as two side ends, at the side faces 1e, 1f each extending among front and rear and being provided with suitable joint portions 5, 6 of the panel to adjacent panels.
[0018] Clearly, the main dimension of the panel is the front 1c-rear 1d dimension which essentially constitutes the length of the panel 1 and is greater than the dimension from one end 1e to the other 1f, that is to say the width, the latter being in turn greater than the dimension from the top 1a to the bottom 1b, that is to say the thickness of the panel 1.
[0020] The first main layer or block 2 of support or insulation can for example be made of mineral wool, expanded polyurethane or glass wool.
[0021] Moreover, the first main support or insulating layer or block 2 preferably has a constant or variable thickness, for example with raised areas alternating with recessed areas.
[0022] The panel 1 is then provided with at least one first sheet 3, in use, internal, metallic or not, applied or adhered to a first main extension surface of the first main support layer 2 as well as at least one second sheet 4, metallic or not, applied or adhered to the other or second main extension surface of the first main support layer 2.
[0023] The external surface of the first sheet 3 defines the bottom 1b, in use, of the panel, while the external surface of the second sheet 4 defines the top 1a, in use, of the panel.
[0024] The sheets 3, 4 can be made of any suitable material, for example steel, if desired galvanized, pre-painted, stainless steel, or pre-painted or natural aluminum, copper, or even non-metallic material, such as a polymeric or composite material or a material of other type.
[0025] At least one (but if desired both) sheets 3, 4 are adhered, glued or otherwise constrained, for example by adhesive, to one of the main surfaces of the first main layer or block 2.
[0026] Moreover, in particular in the case in which such layer or block 2 is made of mineral wool or glass wool, an internal face of the sheets 3, 4 is preferably constrained, for example glued, along its entire extension in a substantially uniform manner to a main surface of the layer or block 2. In the case in which the layer or block 2 is made of expanded polyurethane or another expandable component, then the constraint between the same and the sheets 3, 4 could be obtained by adhesion following the expansion of the polyurethane or expandable component close to such sheet before the final hardening or solidification of the polyurethane or expandable component.
[0027] Moreover, the first internal, in use, sheet 3 has a plurality of raised areas or bands 7 alternating with a plurality of recessed areas or bands 8, all of which develop perpendicularly to the main extension dimension front 1c-rear 1d of the panel or to the main length or dimension of the panel.
[0028] Clearly, the areas or bands are also orthogonal to the direction from the top 1a to the bottom 1d.
[0029] Advantageously, the plurality of raised areas 7 and recessed areas 8 have a linear development.
[0030] Preferably, the plurality of raised areas 7 and recessed areas 8 define an alternation of crests and valleys, pleats or ribs.
[0031] The raised 7 and recessed 8 areas extend continuously throughout the development of the panel from one side end 1e to the other 1f. In this regard, the configuration of the raised areas 7 and recessed areas 8 is constant in the direction from one lateral end 1e to the other 1f.
[0032] If desired, the plurality of raised areas 7 alternating with a plurality of recessed areas 8 are defined by first sections 3a of sheet aligned in a first plane P1 in which lie the main extension dimensions of the bottom 1b or of the panel 1 itself alternating and connected with second sections 3b of sheet aligned in a second plane P2 parallel to the first plane P1, the first plane P1 being at a distance from the second sheet 4 greater than the second plane P2 (see figure 2).
[0033] In this case, the extension of the first sections 3a and/or of the second sections 3b in the direction from the front 1c to the rear 1d varies between 20 and 60 mm, preferably between 30 and 50 mm.
[0034] If desired, the first plane P1 is at a distance from the second plane P2 of a value, for example, between 0.1 and 6 mm, for example between 2 and 4 mm.
[0035] According to a variant, the plurality of raised areas 7 alternating with a plurality of recessed areas 8 are defined by third sections 3c of sheet inclined, all with the same inclination, with respect to the plane in which the main extension dimensions of the bottom 1b or of the panel 1 lie, which third sections 3c are connected and alternated with fourth sections 3d of sheet inclined, all with the same inclination, with respect to the plane in which the dimensions of main extension of the bottom 1b or of the panel lie, in such a way that between each third section 3c and the fourth section 3d adjacent and consecutive to it a vertex 3e of sheet extending longitudinally or in the direction from one side end 1e to the other 1f is defined, so that it is defined, by the sequence of third 3c and fourth 3d sections, a first plurality of vertices 3e aligned in a third plane P3 in which the main extension dimension of the bottom 1b lie and a second plurality of vertices 3f aligned in a fourth plane P4 in which the main extension dimensions of the bottom 1b lie.
[0036] In this case, the third plane P3 is at a distance from the second sheet 4 greater than the fourth plane P4. The third plane P3 could be at a distance between 0.1 and 6 mm from the fourth plane P4, for example from 2 to 4 mm.
[0037] According to this variant, the distance between two adjacent and successive sheet vertices 3e aligned in a plane P3 varies between 10 and 60 mm, if desired between 10 and 20 mm or between 40 and 60 mm. The same applies to the distance among the vertices 3f. Clearly, the distance between the vertices 3e is substantially equal to that between the vertices 3f.
[0038] As regards the inclination of the sections 3c, 3d with respect to the plane P3 or P4, it can be any suitable one, for example it is between 2 and 30°, for example between 8° and 18°.
[0039] The first, in use, internal sheet 3 does not have raised areas and/or recessed areas with a development parallel to the main development dimension of the panel or front 1c-rear 1d or to the main dimension of the lateral ends or of the respective joint portions 5, 6.
[0041] Thus, for example, it can be a corrugated or fretted sheet having a plurality of connecting sections 4a alternating with recessed sections 4b each defining a first concavity or concave zone facing the first main layer or block 2, the connecting sections 4a and the recessed sections 4b having an extension parallel to the longitudinal or main extension dimension of the lateral ends or of the respective joint portions.
[0042] If desired, the connecting sections 4a and recessed sections 4b are also orthogonal to the direction from the top 1a to the bottom 1b.
[0043] The second sheet 4 could also have slats 4c, micro-ribs or be wavy or with another shape in the zones between the frets.
[0044] Each connecting section 4a defines a first concavity or concave zone C1 facing the first layer 2 and the second sheet 4 also defines second concavities or concave zones C2 facing away from the first layer 2 and alternating with the first concavities C1, which second concavities C2 would be defined by the connecting sections 4a and by the lateral part of the recessed sections 4b.
[0046] The second sheet 4 has, at the respective sides or flanks, means of connection or hooking, for example snap-fit or even just abutment with adjacent and juxtaposed sheet components, defining the joint portions 5, 6 of the panel 1 to adjacent panels.
[0047] More specifically, the connection or attachment means may include a first terminal part 5 of the second connection plate 4, connecting with or resting on a second plate of an adjacent panel, having a shaped section suitable for allowing an engagement, interlocking or connection between adjacent panels 1, if desired, so as to delimit at least one opening or chamber for collecting or trapping water or humidity designed to limit or prevent infiltration of water or humidity towards the joint between engaged and adjacent panels.
[0048] In this case, a first terminal part 5 may be laterally protruding or cantilevered with respect to the other components of the respective panel 1, in particular with respect to the side or end of the first main layer or block of support or insulation 2 and of the first sheet metal 3. According to this variant, the first terminal part 5 delimits a fitting or housing zone FZ (see figure 5) of a terminal part 6 of another panel, which is not filled by the first layer 2.
[0049] This first terminal part 5 may include a first shaped section 5a defining a concavity facing the respective insertion or housing zone FZ.
[0050] Alternatively or in addition to what is now indicated, a second terminal part 6 of the panel may not protrude with respect to the other components of the panel, i.e. with respect to the first main layer or block of support or insulation 2 and the first sheet 3. According to this variant, the second terminal part 6 is actually filled or subtended by the first layer 2.
[0051] Preferably, a second sheet comprises, on a first side, a first terminal part 5 and, on the other side, a second terminal part 6.
[0052] Therefore, the connection or contact means can comprise the terminal parts 5 6 of adjacent panels 1 or sheets 4 to be engaged, for example as indicated below, optionally by abut or even snap-fit or interlocking engagement.
[0053] More specifically, according to a preferred variant, a terminal part 5 of a sheet 4 is placed on and around a terminal part 6 of an adjacent sheet 4 and, optionally, a screw or the like means (not illustrated in the figures) for fixing is then inserted into such terminal parts 5, 6 in abutment. Clearly, in this case the screw or fixing means would also be inserted within the first main layer or block of support or insulation 2.
[0054] A panel 1 according to the present invention may be a curved panel along a direction from the front 1c to the rear 1d and thus not in the direction from one end 1e to the other 1f.
[0055] Therefore, the curvature occurs in the passage from the front 1c to the rear 1d in a direction orthogonal to the plane in which the extension direction from one lateral end 1e to the other 1f and the direction from the bottom 1b to the top 1a lie. This orthogonal direction is, of course, in turn a curved direction.
[0056] In this case, the panel 1 is configured as a part or segment of an arch or cylindrical or curved vault, in which the first sheet 3 constitutes the intrados, while the second sheet 4 constitutes the extrados.
[0057] Clearly, the curvature is defined by all the components 2, 3, 4 of the panel 1, so the orthogonal direction referred to above must be considered on the same component and, with particular reference to the first layer 2, at the same thickness, that is to say at the same distance from the bottom or the top of the panel 1.
[0058] Moreover, in the passage from one lateral end 1e to the other 1f in a direction orthogonal to the plane in which the main extension direction of the panel or front 1c-rear 1d and the direction from the bottom 1b to the top 1a lie, no curvature occurs.
[0059] In essence, the curvature line is constant or in any case constitutes a series of lines parallel to each other in the passage from one lateral end 1e to the other 1f.
[0061] As it will be understood, the areas or bands in relief 7 are actually orthogonal to the curvature line and all develop perpendicularly with respect to the main extension dimension front 1c-rear 1d of the panel or to the length or main dimension of the panel.
[0062] Clearly, the areas or bands also all develop orthogonally to the direction from the top 1a to the bottom 1d of the panel.
[0063] Subject-matter of the present invention is even a curved wall or a curved roof or a curved cladding or covering 9 for a roof comprising a plurality of panels 1 connected to each other at the joint portions 5, 6 and/or overlapping each other at the front 1c or rear 1d, which panels are curved.
[0064] In this case, the panels 1 are all curved with the same curvature or less, but can be assembled one in front of or next to the others so as to constitute a curved wall or a curved roof or a curved cladding or covering for a roof.
[0065] The roof or cladding or covering 9 or wall is thus shaped as an arch or cylindrical or curved vault, in which the first sheets 3 of the panels constitute the intrados, while the second sheets 4 of the panels constitute the extrados.
[0066] The panels can be installed on a simple metal substructure, so as to constitute the only continuous layer that makes up the roof or wall, or as the final or intermediate layer of a package of layers. Clearly, the underlying structure or the other layers must advantageously follow or have or define the curvature to which the panel will adapt.
[0067] If desired, the radius of curvature (see in particular figure 9) of a curved panel according to the present invention or of a roof or cladding or covering or wall in accordance with the present invention is in the range between 6 and 100 meters, preferably between 20 and 50 meters.
[0068] A method for the realization of such a roof or cladding or covering or wall involves a realization of substantially straight or curved panels and then the fixing of the panels on a plurality of support components or purlins 10 (shown in a simplified manner in figures), constraining one to the other with known devices or steps, so as to obtain the roof or cladding or covering or wall.
[0069] If the panels 1 are initially made straight, then it is possible to obtain the curvature directly on site.
[0070] In this regard, when the panels 1 are fixed or connected to a plurality of support components or purlins 10, the panels 1 bend on site following this fixing step.
[0071] Of course, the support components or purlins 10 are arranged in an appropriate manner, so that the upper surface or in any case the support and constraint surface of the panels 1 is arranged along a curved surface such as to define the curvature indicated above.
[0072] In essence, as the panels 1 are fixed or connected to the support components or purlins 10, the panels curve a little or a piece or a part at a time so as to lead, at the end of the fixing or connection steps, to the desired curved roof or cladding or covering 9 or wall.
[0073] The inventors of the present invention have been able to verify that the presence of the raised areas or bands 7 and the recessed areas or bands 8, arranged as indicated above, facilitates and makes the curvature of the panels more effective, also reducing the risks of breakage or damages to the panels during the curvature, this in particular when curving the panels on site or after their construction.
[0074] In this case, thus one would have a technical solution that involves bending straight sandwich panels on site, adapting to an underneath curved structure.
1. Sandwich panel for cladding or covering roofs or for obtaining walls, comprising two
main extension faces (1a, 1b), lower extension edge faces including a front face (1c),
a rear face (1d) parallel or in any case opposite to the front face (1c) as well as
two side faces (1e, 1f), said panel therefore having a top (1a) and a bottom (1b)
at the main extension faces, a front (1c) at the front face, a rear (1d), at the rear
face, as well as two side ends, at the side faces (1e, 1f), said side faces (1e, 1f)
being provided with suitable joint portions (5, 6) of the panel to adjacent panels,
said panel including:
- at least one first main layer or block (2) of support or insulation,
- at least one first internal, in use, sheet (3) applied or adhered to a main extension surface of said first main support layer (2), the external surface of said at least one first sheet (3) defining the bottom (1b), in use, of the panel,
- at least one second external, in use, sheet (4) applied or adhered to another or second main extension surface of said first main support layer (2), the external surface of said at least one second sheet (4) defining the top (1a), in use, of the panel,
the main dimension of the panel being the front (1c)-rear (1d) dimension which essentially constitutes the length of the panel and is greater than the dimension from one side end (1e) to the other (1f) which defines the width of the panel, the latter being in turn greater than the dimension from the top (1a) to the bottom (1b) which defines the thickness of the panel,
wherein said at least one first internal, in use, sheet (3) has a plurality of raised areas (7) alternating with a plurality of recessed areas (8), all of which extend perpendicular to the main extension dimension front (1c)-rear (1d) or to the length or main dimension of the panel,
wherein said plurality of raised areas (7) alternating with a plurality of recessed areas (8) are defined by first sections (3a) of sheet aligned in a first plane (P1) in which lie the main extension dimensions of the bottom (1b) alternating with second sections (3b) of sheet aligned in a second plane (P2) parallel to the first plane (P1), the first plane (P1) being at a distance from the second sheet (4) greater than the second plane (P2),
wherein the extension of said first sections (3a) and/or of said second sections (3b) in the direction from the front (1c) to the rear (1d) varies between 20 and 60 mm.
2. Panel according to claim 1, wherein the extension of said first sections (3a) and/or
of said second sections (3b) in the direction from the front (1c) to the rear (1d)
varies between 30 and 50 mm.
3. Sandwich panel for cladding or covering roofs or for obtaining walls, comprising two
main extension faces (1a, 1b), lower extension edge faces including a front face (1c),
a rear face (1d) parallel or in any case opposite to the front face (1c) as well as
two side faces (1e, 1f), said panel therefore having a top (1a) and a bottom (1b)
at the main extension faces, a front (1c) at the front face, a rear (1d), at the rear
face, as well as two side ends, at the side faces (1e, 1f), said side faces (1e, 1f)
being provided with suitable joint portions (5, 6) of the panel to adjacent panels,
said panel including:
- at least one first main layer or block (2) of support or insulation,
- at least one first internal, in use, sheet (3) applied or adhered to a main extension surface of said first main support layer (2), the external surface of said at least one first sheet (3) defining the bottom (1b), in use, of the panel,
- at least one second external, in use, sheet (4) applied or adhered to another or second main extension surface of said first main support layer (2), the external surface of said at least one second sheet (4) defining the top (1a), in use, of the panel,
the main dimension of the panel being the front (1c)-rear (1d) dimension which essentially constitutes the length of the panel and is greater than the dimension from one side end (1e) to the other (1f) which defines the width of the panel, the latter being in turn greater than the dimension from the top (1a) to the bottom (1b) which defines the thickness of the panel,
wherein said at least one first internal, in use, sheet (3) has a plurality of raised areas (7) alternating with a plurality of recessed areas (8), all of which extend perpendicular to the main extension dimension front (1c)-rear (1d) or to the length or main dimension of the panel,
wherein said plurality of raised areas (7) alternating with a plurality of recessed areas (8) are defined by third sections (3c) of sheet inclined, all with the same inclination, with respect to the plane in which the main extension dimensions of the bottom (1b) lie, which third sections (3c) are alternated with fourth sections (3d) of sheet inclined, all with the same inclination, with respect to the plane in which the dimensions of main extension of the bottom (1b) lie, in such a way that between each third section (3c) and the fourth section (3d) adjacent and consecutive to it a vertex (3e, 3f) of sheet extending longitudinally or in the direction from one side end (1e) to the other (1f) is defined, so that it is defined, by the sequence of third (3c) and fourth (3d) sections, a first plurality of vertices (3e) aligned in a third plane (P3) in which the main extension dimension of the bottom (1b) lie and a second plurality of vertices (3f) aligned in a fourth plane (P4) in which the main extension dimensions of the bottom (1b) lie, the third plane (P3) being at a distance from the second sheet (4) greater than the fourth plane (P4), and
wherein the distance between two adjacent and successive sheet vertices (3e, 3f) aligned in a plane defined by the main extension dimensions of said bottom (1b) varies between 10 and 60 mm.
4. Panel according to claim 3, wherein the distance between two adjacent and successive
sheet vertices (3e, 3f) aligned in a plane defined by the main extension dimensions
of said bottom (1b) varies between 10 and 20 mm or between 40 and 60 mm.
5. Panel according to any one of the previous claims, wherein said third plane (P3) is
at a distance from said fourth plane (P4) by a value between 0.1 and 6 mm.
6. Panel according to any one of the previous claims, wherein said plurality of raised
areas (7) and recessed areas (8) have a linear development.
7. Panel according to any one of the previous claims, wherein said plurality of raised
(7) and recessed (8) areas define an alternation of crests and valleys, pleats or
ribs.
8. Panel according to any one of the previous claims, wherein said raised (7) and recessed
(8) areas extend continuously throughout the extension of the panel from one side
end (1e) to the other (1f).
9. Panel according to any of the previous claims, wherein said second sheet (4) is a
fretted or corrugated sheet with a plurality of sections of connection (4a) alternated
to recessed sections (4b) each defining a first concavity or concave zone facing said
at least one first main layer or block (2), said connection sections (4b) and said
recessed sections (4b) having extension parallel to the longitudinal or main extension
dimension of said side ends or the respective joint portions.
10. Panel according to any one of the preceding claims, said panel being a curved panel
along a direction from the front (1c) to the rear (1d) and thus not in the direction
from one end (1e) to the other (1f), whereby the curvature occurs in the transition
from the front (1c) to the rear (1d) in a direction orthogonal to the plane in which
the direction of extension from one side end (1e) to the other (1f) and the direction
from the bottom (1b) to the top (1a) lie.
11. Panel according to claim 10, said panel being configured as a part or segment of an
arch or cylindrical or curved vault, in which the first sheet (3) is the intrados,
while the second sheet (4) is the extrados.
12. Panel according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said at least one first
internal, in use, sheet (3) does not have raised areas and/or recessed areas extending
parallel to the main extension dimension of the panel or front (1c)-rear (1d) or to
the main dimension of said side ends or of the respective joint portions (5, 6).
13. Curved roof or a curved cladding or covering (9) for a curved roof or wall comprising
a plurality of panels according to any one of the preceding claims connected to each
other at said joint portions (5, 6) and/or overlying to each other at the front (1c)
or rear (1d), wherein said panels are curved.
14. A roof or cladding or covering or wall according to claim 13 having a radius of curvature
between 6 and 100 meters.
15. Method for making a roof or cladding or covering or wall according to claim 14, comprising
the following steps:
- obtaining a plurality of panels according to any one of claims 1 to 12,
- fixing the panels on a plurality of support components or purlins (10) constraining them to each other so as to obtain the roof or cladding or covering or wall.
16. Method according to claim 15, wherein the panels are made initially straight, and
when they are fixed or connected on said plurality of support components or purlins
(10), the panels bending on site following this fixing step.
REFERENCES CITED IN THE DESCRIPTION
This list of references cited by the applicant is for the reader's convenience only. It does not form part of the European patent document. Even though great care has been taken in compiling the references, errors or omissions cannot be excluded and the EPO disclaims all liability in this regard.
Patent documents cited in the description
- GB2374878A [0004]
- KR101428733B1 [0004]
- GB1141804A [0004]
- EP1312726A1 [0004]
- EP1570141A1 [0004]
- SI1592526T1 [0004]