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EP 4 570 044 A2

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(88) Date of publication A3: 02.05.2024 (43) Date of publication: 18.06.2025 Bulletin 2025/25 (21) Application number: 23869031.7 (22) Date of filing: 08.08.2023

(51) International Patent Classification (IPC):  H05K 9/00(2006.01) H02K 11/01(2016.01) H01L 23/552(2006.01) H01L 21/00(2006.01) (52) Cooperative Patent Classification (CPC): H10N 60/81; H10N 60/01; H05K 9/0077 (86) International application number: PCT/US2023/071879 (87) International publication number: WO 2024/064465 (28.03.2024 Gazette 2024/13)

(84) Designated Contracting States: AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC ME MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR Designated Extension States: BA Designated Validation States: KH MA MD TN (30) Priority: 09.08.2022 US 202263396568 P (71) Applicants: THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Oakland, CA 94607-5200 (US) Auburn University Auburn, Alabama 36849 (US)

(72) Inventors: CANDLER, Robert N. Los Angeles, California 90095-7191 (US) HAMILTON, Michael Auburn, Alabama 36849 (US) ADAMS, Mark Auburn, Alabama 36849 (US) (74) Representative: Forresters IP LLP  Skygarden Erika-Mann-Straße 11 80636 München 80636 München (DE)