[0001] The invention relates to a construction element, as well as to methods of producing
the construction element and hoisting the construction element.
[0002] The construction element according to the invention comprises at least a core of
insulation material and a first supporting beam. This kind of construction element
is known in the prior art, for example from
EP 0 775 787, where the four edges of the construction element are reinforced by means of a supporting
beam on each edge in such a way that the construction element is self-supporting,
with the supporting beams having the same height as the core of insulation material.
However, this has the drawback that such a construction element has thermal bridges.
[0003] EP 2 141 299 describes a construction element with at least a core of insulation material, a first
supporting beam, and plate material on both sides of the core of insulation material,
in which thermal bridges are prevented by the supporting beams in the core of insulation
material not being as high as the thickness of the core of insulation material next
to the supporting beam(s). In an embodiment, elements are attached to the supporting
beam to which hoisting means may be attached, wherein these elements pass through
the plate material and protrude beyond the outer face of the plate material. However,
in this case there is no description of the way in which such elements may be attached,
nor whether the elements pass through the plate material on the top side of the core
of insulation material or on the bottom side of the core of insulation material. The
fact that the elements to which hoisting means can be attached protrude beyond the
outer face of the plate material also has the drawback that it makes the finishing
of the construction element after installation more difficult, leading to a risk of
the finished construction element not being watertight.
[0004] EP 2 273 024 describes a construction element with at least a core of insulation material, a first
supporting beam, a top panel, and a baseplate, wherein the top panel and the baseplate
are acoustically uncoupled from each other, in other words wherein the top panel and
baseplate are connected to each other by the core of insulation material and not by
the first supporting beam. In order to achieve this acoustic uncoupling an air chamber
is provided at the location of the supporting beam between the baseplate and the top
panel, wherein the air chamber extends along the entire length of the supporting beam.
Although this improves sound insulation, such a construction element does have the
drawback that the aforementioned air chamber reduces the thermal resistance of the
construction element.
[0005] NL 2022483 describes a construction element, in particular a roof element, with at least a top
panel and a baseplate with a core of insulation material in between, at least two
internal supporting beams and at least two external supporting beams wherein the core
of insulation material is provided with at least one elongate chamber which extends
and, at at least one end thereof, ends in a longitudinal plane or in an end plane
for accommodating a further supporting beam in the elongate chamber.
[0006] The aim of the construction element according to the present invention is that it
can be hoisted in a safer and stabler manner with respect to prior-art construction
elements.
[0007] The construction element according to the present invention comprises at least a
core of insulation material, situated between a top surface and a bottom surface of
the construction element, and at least a first supporting beam between a top surface
and a bottom surface of the construction element, wherein the first supporting beam
extends along a longitudinal direction of the construction element, wherein the thickness
of the core of insulation material is greater than the height of the first supporting
beam along at least a part of the - and preferably along the entire - length of the
construction element, wherein insulation material of the core of insulation material
is situated above the first supporting beam along at least a part of the - and preferably
along the entire - length of the first supporting beam, characterized in that the
construction element is provided with a first recess through at least a part of the
thickness of the core of insulation material, wherein the first recess is situated
above - or at least partly above - the first supporting beam, wherein the first recess
preferably extends up to the top surface of the construction element.
[0008] A construction element according to the invention has the advantage that the construction
element can be hoisted in a simple and safe manner during installation. In addition,
such a construction element has good insulation values across its entire surface.
[0009] According to a preferred embodiment, the first recess is a local recess, for example
having a cylindrical shape, which does not extend along the entire length of the first
supporting beam. This has the advantage that the thermal resistance of the construction
element is only reduced locally. A recess with a cylindrical shape has the advantage
that it can easily be produced by means of a milling operation. Obviously, other shapes,
for example a conical or beam-like shape, are also conceivable.
[0010] According to a preferred embodiment, the first recess is configured in such a way
that insulation material of the core of insulation material is situated between the
first recess and the first supporting beam. This has the advantage that the thermal
resistance of the construction element is reduced very little by the presence of the
first recess.
[0011] Preferably, the depth of the first recess, viewed from the top surface of the core
of insulation material, is not more than 10 cm, more preferably not more than 5 cm,
and most preferably not more than 2 cm, with there preferably being insulation material
of the core of insulation material present between the first supporting beam and the
first recess. This has the advantage that the thermal resistance of the construction
element is reduced very little by the presence of the first recess.
[0012] According to a preferred embodiment, there is a slot in the bottom side of the core
of insulation material; which slot accommodates the first supporting beam. The depth
of the slot is at least as deep as the height of the first supporting beam which is
accommodated in this slot, with the depth of the slot preferably being equal or at
least virtually equal to the height of the first supporting beam which is accommodated
in this slot. Preferably, the width of the slot decreases as its depth in the core
of insulation material increases. This is advantageous in order to simplify the fitting
of the first supporting beam in the slot in the core of insulation material. It is
also conceivable for the width of the first supporting beam not to be constant across
its height, with the width preferably being greater on the bottom side than on the
top side of the first supporting beam. This has the advantage that the first supporting
beam is wedged in the core of insulation material, which results in a better transmission
of the forces. Obviously, a synergetic combination of both is also possible.
[0013] The first supporting beam preferably has a rectangular cross section, although other
cross sections, such as the cross section of an I-profile, a C-profile, a tubular
profile, or another kind of profile, are also conceivable. Preferably, the cross section
has a greater surface moment of inertia about the horizontal axis than about the vertical
axis. This has the advantage that a greater resistance to bending is achieved, which
is good for the self-supporting character of the construction element. The first supporting
beam is preferably at least partly made of wood or metal, although the use of a different
material is not excluded, preferably a different material whose stiffness is sufficiently
high to have a self-supporting construction element. Due to the present norms and
standards in the building industry, it is logical to choose a rectangular wooden supporting
beam with a cross section of 90 mm by 48 mm. Obviously, other dimensions may be used
equally well. If several supporting beams are being used, it is preferable to use
identical beams. This is advantageous from a technical stock-keeping perspective,
and also simplifies installation. However, it is not a requirement.
[0014] It is not necessary for the first supporting beam to be made in a single piece. It
is also possible for several smaller parts to be connected to each other and thus
to form a supporting beam. In this case, it is important for the smaller parts to
be connected to each other in such a way that the supporting beam functions as one
constructional unit. This has the advantage that smaller parts can be re-used. A further
advantage thereof is that, if desired, the surface moment of inertia of the supporting
beam can be adjusted to the expected local loads.
[0015] According to an embodiment, the first supporting beam is adhesively bonded to the
core of insulation material on at least one side - and preferably on both sides -
preferably using a polyurethane glue. Alternatively or additionally, the top surface
of the first supporting beam may be adhesively bonded to the core of insulation material,
preferably using a polyurethane glue. The adhesive bonding of the supporting beam
to the core of insulation material has the advantage that the construction element
is better able to withstand vertical and/or lateral loads.
[0016] According to a preferred embodiment, a baseplate is attached to the bottom side of
the core of insulation material. The baseplate is preferably attached to the core
of insulation material by means of an adhesive connection - preferably using a hotmelt
glue, more preferably using a hotmelt polyurethane glue, although other methods are
obviously not excluded either. Preferably, the first supporting beam is mechanically
connected to the baseplate by means of at least one screw, more preferably by means
of at least two screws. This has the advantage that there is a strong connection between
the baseplate and the first supporting beam. Obviously, the use of an adhesive connection,
a nail connection, a connection using staples or another connection method or a combination
thereof is not excluded. Preferably, there is contact between the first supporting
beam and the baseplate. This has the advantage that the construction element is more
rigid.
[0017] Preferably, the first supporting beam is connected to the baseplate by means of an
adhesive connection, more preferably by a foaming polyurethane glue. This has the
advantage that a strong bond is achieved which compensates for any dimensional tolerances.
[0018] In embodiments in which the first supporting beam is connected to the baseplate by
means of an adhesive connection, the first supporting beam is preferably not connected
by means of mechanical attachment means, such as screws, staples or nails.
[0019] The aforementioned baseplate may be selected from the following list: particleboards,
HDF (high density fibreboard) panels, MDF (medium density fibreboard) panels, OSB
(oriented strand board) panels, CLT (construction laminated timber) panels, multiplex
panels, or another kind of panels. The baseplate has a thickness of at least 8 mm,
preferably at least 10 mm, more preferably at least 12 mm, and most preferably at
least 14 mm. Obviously, it is also possible for the baseplate to be thinner than 8
mm.
[0020] According to a preferred embodiment, a top panel is attached to the top side of the
core of insulation material, with the first recess passing completely through the
thickness of the top panel and through at least a part of the thickness of the core
of insulation material. Preferably, there is insulation material of the core of insulation
material present between the first recess and the first supporting beam. This has
the advantage that the thermal resistance of the construction element is preserved
as much as possible. The core of insulation material is preferably attached to the
top panel by means of an adhesive connection, although other methods are obviously
not excluded. The top panel may be selected from the following list: particleboards,
HDF (high density fibreboard) panels, MDF (medium density fibreboard) panels, OSB
(oriented strand board) panels, CLT (construction laminated timber) panels, multiplex
panels, or another kind of panels. The top panel has a thickness of at least 8 mm,
preferably at least 10 mm, more preferably at least 12 mm, and most preferably at
least 14 mm. Obviously, it is also possible for the top panel to be thinner than 8
mm. There is no requirement for the top panel and baseplate to choose the same thickness
and/or type of panel, although it would be advantageous from a technical stock-keeping
perspective. It is advisable to choose the top panel to be thicker than the baseplate.
This has the advantage that the stiffness of the construction element is ensured in
the presence of at least the first recess. In addition, this has the advantage that
the construction element can be hoisted in a safer manner. Preferably, there is no
contact between the top panel and the first supporting beam, which has the advantage
that no thermal bridges are formed.
[0021] Preferably, the core of insulation material is composed of one single layer, due
to the simplicity of producing such a core of insulation material. Of course, it is
also conceivable for the core of insulation material to be composed of at least two
layers of insulation material which are adhesively bonded to each other, in which
case it is not necessary for the at least two layers to be the same kind of insulation
material, nor for the at least two layers to have the same thickness. This has the
advantage that the core of insulation material may be constructed on the basis of
the intended characteristics, such as a high thermal resistance and/or acoustic damping.
Preferably, the layer - or each of the layers - of insulation material comprising
the core of insulation material comprises at least one of following materials: expanded
polystyrene (EPS), extruded polystyrene (XPS), polyurethane (PUR), polyisocyanurate
(PIR), mineral wool, or another insulation material. Obviously, a combination of these
materials is also conceivable.
[0022] Preferably, the total thickness of the core of insulation material is between 130
mm and 240 mm, which makes it possible to attain a thermal resistance, calculated
according to standard ISO6946:2017, of 8 (m
2K)/W or even of 10 (m
2K)/W.
[0023] In a preferred embodiment, the first recess comprises an element to which a hoisting
means may be attached, wherein the element to which a hoisting means may be attached
is anchored to the first supporting beam - preferably by this element being screwed
in. This has the advantage that the construction element can be hoisted safely. The
aforementioned element may be a lifting eye, pivotable or non-pivotable, a ring bolt,
an eye nut, an eye screw, a lifting sling, a screw, or a hook. Preferably, the first
recess is sufficiently deep, so that the aforementioned element is at least partly
in the recess, with the element not protruding beyond the top surface of the construction
element. This has the advantage that the construction element can easily be given
a watertight finish after installation of the construction element. In a preferred
embodiment, the aforementioned element is a pivotable lifting eye, with the pivotable
lifting eye being directed upwards and preferably protruding above the top surface
of the construction element during hoisting of the construction element, and wherein
the pivotable lifting eye is in an, at least partly, folded-in position and may be
situated completely under the top surface of the construction element when the construction
element is not being hoisted. This has the advantage that the hoisting element can
easily be attached to the element, and that the recess in which the aforementioned
element is situated can easily be given a watertight finish after installation of
the construction element.
[0024] According to a preferred embodiment, the width of the first recess, in which an element
to attach a hoisting means to is present, is narrower than the width of the first
supporting beam. In a practical embodiment, the width of the first recess is between
2 cm and 4 cm, for example 2.5 cm. This has the advantage that the thermal resistance
of the construction element changes very little, and the construction element can
be hoisted in a simple manner. In another embodiment, the width of the first recess,
in which an element to attach a hoisting means to is present, is wider than the width
of the first supporting beam. This has the advantage that the aforementioned element
is readily accessible and a hoisting means can easily be attached to the aforementioned
element.
[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the top side of the element to which a hoisting means
may be attached does not protrude above the top surface of the insulation material.
This has the advantage that the recess in which the element is situated can very easily
be given a watertight finish. According to another preferred embodiment, in which
a top panel is present, the top side of the element to which a hoisting means may
be attached comes as far as between the bottom surface of the top panel and the top
surface of the top panel. This has the advantage that the aforementioned element is
readily accessible, which offers the further advantage that the aforementioned hoisting
means can easily be fitted.
[0026] In an embodiment, at least one side surface and/or the top surface of the first supporting
beam is connected to the core of insulation material by means of an adhesive connection,
more preferably by means of a polyurethane glue.
[0027] In a preferred embodiment, counterbattens are arranged on the top side of the top
panel. The counterbattens may be attached by means of glue, staples, nails, screws,
another connecting means, or a combination of the aforementioned options. In one practical
example, glue is first used to firstly position the counterbattens, after which these
are connected mechanically to the top panel by means of staples. This has the advantage
that the counterbattens may be positioned accurately.
[0028] In a preferred embodiment, the construction element comprises a first additional
recess above, or at least partly above, the first supporting beam, wherein the first
additional recess above the first supporting beam is configured such that there is
insulation material of the core of insulation material between the first additional
recess and the first supporting beam. Preferably, the first additional recess is provided
with an element to which a hoisting means may be attached, wherein the element is
anchored to the first supporting beam situated underneath and does not protrude above
the top surface of the construction element. This has the advantage that the construction
element can be hoisted in a more controlled, and therefore safer, way.
[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the construction element comprises a second supporting
beam, wherein insulation material of the core of insulation material is present along
at least a part of the - and preferably along the entire - length of the second supporting
beam next to the second supporting beam, wherein the construction element is provided
with a second recess through at least a part of the thickness of the core of insulation
material, wherein the second recess is situated above, or at least partly above, the
second supporting beam, wherein the second recess is configured in such a way that
insulation material of the core of insulation material is present between the second
recess and the second supporting beam. The presence of the second supporting beam
has the advantage that the stiffness of the construction element is greater. This
also has the further advantage that the construction element can be hoisted in a safer
manner. Preferably, the second recess is provided with an element to which a hoisting
means may be attached, wherein the element is anchored to the second supporting beam
situated underneath and does not protrude above the top surface of the construction
element. This has the advantage that the stability of the construction element is
greater during hoisting.
[0030] According to an embodiment, a longitudinal side surface of the first supporting beam
and/or of the second supporting beam is situated in a longitudinal side surface of
the construction element. Obviously, it is also possible for a longitudinal side surface
of the first supporting beam, but not of the second supporting beam, to be situated
in a longitudinal side surface of the construction element. This may have certain
advantages for the connection of several construction elements according to the invention.
Furthermore, it is also possible for both the first supporting beam and the second
supporting beam to bear against insulation material of the core of insulation material
on both sides.
[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the construction element comprises a first supporting
beam and a second supporting beam, wherein neither a longitudinal side surface of
the first supporting beam is situated in a longitudinal side surface of the construction
element, nor a longitudinal side surface of the second supporting beam is situated
in a longitudinal side surface of the construction element.
[0032] This embodiment has the advantage that it achieves better connection between construction
elements, since these supporting beams are not always straight or do not always remain
straight; whereas longitudinal side surfaces of the construction element produced
in the core of insulation material can be given a pleasingly straight and flat finish
and also remain flat and straight.
[0033] According to a preferred embodiment, the construction element is provided with a
third recess through at least a part of the thickness of the core of insulation material,
wherein the third recess is situated above, or at least partly above, the first supporting
beam or the second supporting beam or an optional third supporting beam; wherein,
if an optional third supporting beam is present, the thickness of the core of insulation
material is greater than the height of the optional third supporting beam along at
least a part of the length of the construction element, wherein, if an optional third
supporting beam is present, insulation material of the core of insulation material
is situated above the optional third supporting beam along at least a part of the
- and preferably along the entire - length of the optional third supporting beam,
wherein, if an optional third supporting beam is present, insulation material of the
core of insulation material is situated next to the optional third supporting beam
along at least a part of the - and preferably along the entire - length of the optional
third supporting beam. The optional presence of a third supporting beam has the advantage
that the stiffness of the construction element is increased further, which has the
further advantage that the construction element produced may have larger dimensions.
This has the advantage that fewer construction elements are necessary to build a structure,
thus reducing construction time.
[0034] According to a preferred embodiment, the construction element is provided with a
first recess, a second recess and a third recess, wherein each recess is provided
with an element to which a hoisting means may be attached, wherein the element is
anchored in the supporting beam situated underneath and wherein the element preferably
does not protrude above the top surface of the construction element. It is advisable
for the three aforementioned elements not to be collinear, in other words for the
three of them not to be aligned. Preferably, in top view, the distance between the
centre of gravity of the largest possible convex polygon, formed by the at least three
non-collinear elements to which a hoisting means may be attached, and the centre of
gravity of the plane defined by the edges of the construction element is less than
50%, more preferably less than 30%, still more preferably less than 10%, of the width
of the construction element. This has the advantage that the construction element
can be hoisted in a safe and stable manner.
[0035] According to a preferred embodiment, the construction element comprises a first supporting
beam, a second supporting beam, a first recess above the first supporting beam, a
first additional recess above the first supporting beam, a second recess above the
second supporting beam, and a second additional recess above the second supporting
beam, wherein the first additional recess is situated above, or at least partly above,
the first supporting beam, wherein the first additional recess above the first supporting
beam is configured so that insulation material of the core of insulation material
is present between the first additional recess above the first supporting beam and
the first supporting beam, wherein insulation material of the core of insulation material
is situated next to the second supporting beam along at least a part of the - and
preferably along the entire - length of the second supporting beam, wherein the construction
element is provided with a second recess through at least a part of the thickness
of the core of insulation material, wherein the second recess is situated above, or
at least partly above, the second supporting beam; wherein the second recess is configured
such that insulation material of the core of insulation material is situated between
the second recess and the second supporting beam, wherein the second additional recess
is situated above, or at least partly above, the second supporting beam, wherein the
second additional recess above the second supporting beam is configured such that
insulation material of the core of insulation material is situated between the second
additional recess above the second supporting beam and the second supporting beam.
The first recess, the first additional recess, the second recess, and the second additional
recess define a quadrangle, and preferably a rectangle. The first recess, the first
additional recess, the second recess, and the second additional recess each comprise
an element to which a hoisting means may be attached, preferably wherein these elements
do not protrude above the top surface of the construction element. This has the advantage
that the construction element has a greater stiffness, which is advantageous for the
self-supporting character of the construction element. It also has the further advantage
that the construction element can be hoisted in a very stable manner. It is preferred
if the first supporting beam and the second supporting beam are each situated in a
different half of the width of the construction element, which increases the general
stiffness of the construction element and the stability during hoisting. It is furthermore
preferred if both the first supporting beam and the second supporting beam, in their
own half of the construction element, are situated closer to the side of the construction
element than to the centre of the width of the construction element. This results
in a large surface of the quadrangle defined by the four aforementioned elements,
which has the advantage that the construction element can be hoisted in a very stable
manner.
[0036] According to an embodiment, at least one of the longitudinal side surfaces - preferably
both longitudinal side surfaces - of the construction element are provided with a
slot. This slot offers the possibility to connect two construction elements according
to the invention to each other by means of a connecting means, such as for example
an elastic spring. It is also possible to provide the construction element with a
male connecting means on one side of the construction element and a female connecting
means on the other side of the construction element, wherein the male connecting means
and the female connecting means mate. This has the advantage that two construction
elements according to the invention can easily be connected to each other without
requiring additional material.
[0037] According to a preferred embodiment, at least the first recess is sealed watertight,
preferably by means of a self-adhesive patch, a roof screen, a cover, or another cover
means. It is possible that - preferably in addition to the watertight sealing of at
least the first recess - at least the first recess is filled with insulation material.
This has the advantage that the thermal resistance and the strength, mainly compressive
strength, of the construction element are increased locally. However, it is not obligatory
to fill the first recess.
[0038] The length of the construction element according to the invention may be up to 8
metres, but the construction element may also be longer. The width of the construction
element is preferably 60 cm, 80 cm or 120 cm, since these are the standard widths
of construction elements which are currently available on the market. Obviously, the
width may be adjusted if this is desirable for a specific use. The total thickness
of the construction element is preferably between 10 cm and 40 cm, and more preferably
between 15 cm and 25 cm, wherein the thickness has to be selected on the basis of
the desired value for the thermal resistance. For larger dimensions of the construction
element - mainly along the length and/or the width - it may be desirable for one or
more additional supporting beams to be present so that the stiffness of the construction
element is sufficiently large for it to be self-supporting.
[0039] In a preferred embodiment, the first recess extends up to the top surface of the
construction element; wherein the first recess extends parallel to the first supporting
beam; and wherein the first recess extends up to an edge of the core of insulation
material. Preferably, the first recess extends as far as on the first supporting beam.
[0040] With such embodiments, a beam may be attached in the first recess, on the first supporting
beam, for example by means of screws or by means of another attachment method. This
beam may be used to attach an overhang to the construction element. For example, a
gutter overhang if the construction element is a roof element.
[0041] The first supporting beam may, at least on a part of the first recess - and preferably
along the entire length of the first recess - in the direction perpendicular to the
construction element be less high than outside of it. This makes it possible to attach
a beam of adequate dimensions in the first recess on the first supporting beam.
[0042] The first recess may be provided in the construction element beforehand. The beam
may be attached on site after the construction element has been positioned. This makes
transportation and installation of the construction element easier.
[0043] In the first recess, a beam may be attached to the first supporting beam; with this
beam preferably making contact with the first supporting beam. More preferably, this
beam protrudes beyond an edge of the core of insulation material. This beam may be
used to attach an overhang to the construction element, for example to attach a gutter
overhang if the construction element is a roof element.
[0044] Preferably, the beam does not protrude above the top surface of the construction
element; more preferably the top side of the beam is situated in the top surface of
the construction element. This ensures that a covering can easily be arranged on the
construction element. For example, if the construction element is a roof element,
the beam does not impede the fitting of counterbattens, tiling battens and roof tiles.
[0045] It is possible for a second recess to also be provided above a second supporting
beam in a way similar to the recess in the first recess, and to have the same characteristics.
A second beam may be arranged in the second recess on the second supporting beam in
a way similar to the beam in the first recess on the first supporting beam. This may
be used to attach an overhang on the beam and on the second beam.
[0046] A preferred embodiment of the construction element is characterized in that the construction
element comprises a second supporting beam- preferably parallel to the first supporting
beam -, in which the construction element comprises a recess in the core of insulation
material and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the first supporting beam,
wherein the recess runs along the first supporting beam and the second supporting
beam, wherein the recess extends up to an edge of the core of insulation material.
Preferably, the recess extends as far as on the first supporting beam and as far as
on the second supporting beam.
[0047] This recess may be used to attach a lateral beam therein, on the first supporting
beam and on the second supporting beam. This lateral beam may protrude on an edge
of the core of insulation material, and may be used to attach an end face overhang
to if the construction element is a roof element.
[0048] Preferably, the first supporting beam and the second supporting beam are less high
at the recess than outside thereof. This makes it possible to attach a lateral beam
of adequate dimensions in the first recess on the first supporting beam.
[0049] Preferably, a lateral beam is attached to the first supporting beam and to the second
supporting beam in the recess. More preferably, this lateral beam makes contact with
the first supporting beam and with the second supporting beam.
[0050] The lateral beam preferably extends beyond an edge of the core of insulation material.
[0051] Preferably, the lateral beam does not protrude above the top surface of the construction
element. More preferably, the top side of the lateral beam is situated in the top
surface of the construction element. This ensures that a covering can easily be arranged
on the construction element. For example, if the construction element is a roof element,
the beam does not impede the fitting of counterbattens, tiling battens and roof tiles.
[0052] The construction element according to the invention is mainly intended as a roof
element, even if it can also be used as a wall element, as a floor element or as a
ceiling element.
[0053] The present invention also comprises the combination of all preceding embodiments
and their specific characteristics, in so far as these do not contradict one another.
It is assumed that the person skilled in the art has sufficient knowledge to be able
to make a suitable choice in case of contradictory possibilities.
[0054] The invention furthermore also comprises a method for manufacturing a construction
element according to the invention, comprising at least the following steps:
- a. connecting a baseplate to the first supporting beam by means of screws or another
attachment means
- b. providing at least one slot in the core of insulation material and arranging the
first supporting beam in the slot. Preferably, after arranging the first supporting
beam in the slot, there is contact between the core of insulation material and the
baseplate
- c. connecting the core of insulation material to the baseplate and/or to the first
supporting beam
- d. creating at least one recess through at least a part of the core of insulation
material through which an element to which a hoisting means may be attached can be
anchored to the supporting beam situated underneath.
[0055] The invention furthermore also comprises a method for manufacturing a construction
element according to the invention, comprising at least the following steps:
- a. making available a core of insulation material
- b. providing a slot in the core of insulation material
- c. accommodating the first supporting beam in the slot in the core of insulation material
- d. arranging a baseplate on the underside of the core of insulation material
- e. creating at least one recess through at least a part of the core of insulation
material through which an element to which a hoisting means may be attached can be
anchored to the supporting beam situated underneath.
[0056] The invention furthermore also comprises a method for installing a construction element
according to the invention, comprising at least the following steps:
- a. fitting at least one hoisting element to one of the at least one element to which
a hoisting means may be attached. Preferably, at least one hoisting element is fitted
to at least three elements to which a hoisting means may be attached, which has the
advantage that the construction element can be hoisted in a more stable manner
- b. hoisting the construction element
- c. positioning the hoisted construction element in the desired location on the roof
frame, during which the construction element is possibly turned over one or more times
- d. mechanically anchoring the positioned construction element to the roof frame, preferably
by means of screws which penetrate the entire construction element
- e. detaching and removing the at least one hoisting element, in which case it is not
necessary to also remove the element to which the at least one hoisting element was
attached
- f. preferably, giving the at least one recess a watertight finish.
[0057] The invention will be described below in more detail in a non-limiting way by means
of the description of a number of possible embodiments according to the invention
with reference to the following diagrammatic figures, in which:
Fig. 1 shows, in perspective, a construction element with several characteristic features
of the invention;
Fig. 2 shows, in front view, a cross section along the line II-II in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 shows, in front view, a cross section along the line III-III in Fig. 1;
Figs. 4 to 8 show, in front view, alternative embodiments according to the invention;
Fig. 9 shows, in top view, an alternative embodiment according to the invention;
Figs. 10 and 11 show, in front view, alternative embodiments according to the invention;
Figs. 12 and 13 show, in perspective, alternative embodiments according to the invention;
Figs. 14 and 15 show, in front view, alternative embodiments according to the invention;
Fig. 16 shows, in top view, an alternative embodiment according to the invention;
Fig. 17 shows a construction element according to embodiments of the invention; and
Figs. 18, 19 and 20 show details of the construction element from Fig. 17.
[0058] Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of a construction element
1 according to the invention. The construction element 1 has a length L, a width B
and a height H. The construction element 1 has a core of insulation material 2 which
is situated between a top surface 3 and a bottom surface 4. The construction element
1 in the embodiment in Fig. 1 furthermore also has a first supporting beam 5, situated
between the top surface 3 and the bottom surface 4, which extends in the longitudinal
direction of the construction element 1, which bears against the core of insulation
material 2 along one of the sides, and a second supporting beam 6, situated between
the top surface 3 and the bottom surface 4, which bears against the core of insulation
material 2 along one of the sides. There is insulation material of the core of insulation
material 2 present above both the first supporting beam 5 and above the second supporting
beam 6, along the entire length of both the first supporting beam 5 and the second
supporting beam 6. On the bottom side of the core of insulation material 2, there
is a baseplate 7 whose bottom side defines the bottom surface 3 of the construction
element. On the top side of the core of insulation material 2, there is a top panel
8 whose top surface defines the top surface 3 of the construction element. Above the
first supporting beam 5, there are two local recesses 9, 14 which run through the
entire thickness of the top panel 8 and through a part of the thickness of the insulation
material of the core of insulation material 2. Above the second supporting beam 6,
there are two local recesses 15, 20 which run through the entire thickness of the
top panel 8 and through a part of the thickness of the insulation material of the
core of insulation material 2.
[0059] The following figures illustrate embodiments with specific characteristic features
of a construction element 1 according to the invention. It is obviously possible to
combine several specific characteristic features in so far as these do not contradict
each other.
[0060] Fig. 2 shows, in front view, a cross section along line II-II in Fig. 1 of an embodiment
of a construction element 1, wherein the core of insulation material 2 at the top
adjoins the top panel 8, at the bottom adjoins the baseplate 7, wherein both the first
supporting beam 5 and the second supporting beam 6, both situated between the top
panel 8 and the baseplate 7, with one side surface adjoin the core of insulation material
2, and wherein insulation material of the core of insulation material 2 is present
between the top side of the first supporting beam 5 and the top panel 8, and also
between the top side of the second supporting beam 6 and the top panel 8. This cross
section of the construction element 1 is characterized by the top surface of the core
of insulation material 2 continuing uninterrupted across the complete cross section
and having a nominal thickness D in locations where there is no supporting beam. Preferably,
a majority - and more preferably the vast majority - of the possible cross sections
of the construction element 1 has this characteristic feature since it is good for
the thermal resistance of the construction element 1.
[0061] Fig. 3 shows, in front view, a cross section along line III-III in Fig. 1 of a preferred
embodiment of a construction element 1, wherein the core of insulation material 2
at the top adjoins the top panel 8, at the bottom adjoins the baseplate 7, wherein
both the first supporting beam 5 and the second supporting beam 6, both situated between
the top panel 8 and the baseplate 7, with one side surface adjoin the core of insulation
material 2, and wherein insulation material of the core of insulation material 2 is
present above the first supporting beam 5 and also above the second supporting beam
6. This cross section of the construction element 1 is characterized by the fact that
there is a first recess 9 above the first supporting beam 5, wherein insulation material
of the core of insulation material 2 is present between the first supporting beam
5 and the first recess 9, and wherein the first recess 9 is open along the top, and
wherein there is a second recess 15 above the second supporting beam 6, wherein insulation
material of the core of insulation material 2 is present between the second supporting
beam 6 and the second recess 15, and wherein the second recess 15 is open along the
top. The first recess 9 and the second recess 15 are local recesses which do not extend
along the entire length of the construction element 1, which has the advantage that
the thermal resistance of the construction element 1 is virtually equal to the thermal
resistance of a construction element 1 without recesses 9, 15.
[0062] Fig. 4 shows, in front view, a cross section along line III-III in Fig. 1 of an alternative
embodiment of a construction element 1. In this embodiment, the construction element
1 comprises a top surface 3 and a bottom surface 4 between which there is a core of
insulation material 2, a first supporting beam 5 situated between the top surface
3 and the bottom surface 4, a first recess 9 above - or at least partly above - the
first supporting beam 5, wherein insulation material of the core of insulation material
2 is present between the first supporting beam 5 and the first recess 9, and wherein
the first recess 9 is open along the top. Preferably, the first recess 9 is a local
recess which does not extend along the entire length of the construction element 1,
which has the advantage that the thermal resistance of the construction element 1
is virtually equal to the thermal resistance of a construction element 1 without recess
9. According to a possible embodiment, at least one side surface and/or the top surface
of the first supporting beam 5 is adhesively bonded to the core of insulation material
2.
[0063] Fig. 5 shows, in front view, a cross section along line III-III in Fig. 1 of an alternative
embodiment of a construction element 1 with the characteristic feature that there
is a baseplate 7 on the bottom side of the core of insulation material 2 and a top
panel 8 on the top side of the core of insulation material 2. Both the baseplate 7
and the top panel 8 are optional. The baseplate 7 and the first supporting beam 5
are mechanically connected to each other by means of screws, nails, staples, or another
connecting method. Preferably, there is contact between the baseplate 7 and the first
supporting beam 5 which results in an advantageous stiffer connection, even if, according
to the invention, it is also conceivable for there to be no contact. If there is no
contact between the baseplate 7 and the first supporting beam 5, it is desirable for
the space in between to be filled with an insulation material in order thus to maximize
the local thermal resistance. In order to further increase the stiffness of the construction
element 1, the core of insulation material 2 is connected to the baseplate 7 by means
of an adhesive connection which does not continue - or alternatively does continue
- at the location of the first supporting beam 5, although this is not obligatory
for the invention. The top panel 8 is connected to the top side of the core of insulation
material 2 by means of at least an adhesive connection. Since the first recess 9 above
the first supporting beam 5 is open along the top, the first recess 9 passes through
the entire thickness of the top panel 8. In this example, the width of the first recess
9 is greater than the width of the first supporting beam 5, and the first recess 9
protrudes on both sides of the first supporting beam 5.
[0064] The baseplate 7 and the top panel 8 are selected from the following list of panel
types, with the baseplate 7 and the top panel 8 not necessarily being the same kind
of panel: particleboards, HDF (high density fibreboard) panels, MDF (medium density
fibreboard) panels, OSB (oriented strand board) panels, CLT (construction laminated
timber) panels, multiplex panels, or another kind of panels.
[0065] The thickness of the baseplate 7 and of the top panel 8 is preferably at least 8
mm, more preferably at least 10 mm, still more preferably at least 12 mm, and most
preferably at least 14 mm. However, according to the present invention, it is not
excluded that the baseplate 7 and/or the top panel 8 are thinner than 8 mm. The baseplate
7 and the top panel 8 may have different thicknesses. It is desirable for the top
panel 8 to be thicker than the baseplate 7 in order to increase the stiffness on the
top side of the construction element 1. This is indicated in the embodiment illustrated
in Fig. 5.
[0066] Fig. 6 shows, in front view, a cross section along III-III in Fig. 1 of an alternative
embodiment of a construction element 1, in which the cross section of the first supporting
beam 5 is not rectangular, but in this case has a cross section of an I-profile. In
order to ensure the bending strength of the construction element 1, it is advisable
to use a cross section for a supporting beam in which the surface moment of inertia
about the horizontal axis is larger than - or at least as large as - the surface moment
of inertia about the horizontal axis. This embodiment also illustrates the fact that
the first recess 9 may extend fully from the top surface 3 of the construction element
1 to the top surface of the first supporting beam 5, in such a way that there is no
insulation material of the core of insulation material 2 present between the top surface
of the first supporting beam 5 and the first recess 9.
[0067] Fig. 7 shows, in front view, a cross section along line III-III in Fig. 1 of an alternative
embodiment of a construction element 1, in which the first recess 9 comprises an element
11 to which a hoisting means may be attached. In the illustrated embodiment, the top
side of the element 11 is situated at the location of the bottom side of the top panel
8. Alternatively, it is also possible for the top side of the element 11 to be situated
between the bottom side of the top panel 8 and the top side of the top panel 8. It
is also possible for the top side of the element 11 to be situated under the bottom
side of the top panel 8. Preferably, the top side of the element 11 is not situated
above the top side of the top panel 8. The element 11 in the first recess 9 is anchored
- preferably by screwing in the element 11 - in the first supporting beam 5 to produce
a sufficiently strong connection by means of which the construction element 1 can
be hoisted safely. In this embodiment, the element 11 is a hook. Preferably, the element
11 does not protrude beyond the top surface 3 of the construction element 1, which
makes it easier to give the construction element 1 a watertight finish, even though
it is also conceivable for the element 11 to protrude beyond the top surface 3 of
the construction element 1. Preferably, the element 11 in the first recess 9 is anchored
in the centre of the width of the first supporting beam 5. In addition, it is also
desirable for the element 11 to be positioned so as to be oriented perpendicularly
to the top surface 3 of the construction element 1. This has the advantage that the
risk of the first supporting beam 5 splitting and/or of the element 11 tearing out
of the first supporting beam 5 is minimal.
[0068] Fig. 8 shows, in front view, a cross section along line III-III in Fig. 1 of an alternative
embodiment of a construction element 1, which illustrates some characteristic features
of the invention. In this embodiment, the core of insulation material 2 comprises
several layers of insulation material. Both in case the core of insulation material
2 comprises one layer of insulation material, as is the case in the above embodiments,
and in case the core of insulation material 2 comprises at least two layers of insulation
material, the layer of insulation material or layers of insulation material of the
core of insulation material 2 comprise(s) at least one of the following insulation
materials, or a combination thereof: expanded polystyrene (EPS), extruded polystyrene
(XPS), polyurethane (PUR), polyisocyanurate (PIR), mineral wool, or another insulation
material. Preferably, the core of insulation material 2 has a nominal thickness of
between 130 mm and 240 mm, so that a thermal resistance - calculated according to
ISO6946:2017 - of at least 4 (m
2K)/W, more preferably of at least 8 (m
2K)/W, still more preferably of at least 10 (m
2K)/W, is achieved. In this embodiment, the width of the first recess 9 is greater
than the width of the first supporting beam 5, but the first recess 9 only protrudes
on one side of the first supporting beam 5. In this embodiment, the top side of the
element 11 is situated between the top side of the top panel 8 and the bottom side
of the top panel 8. It is also illustrated that the element 11 does not necessarily
have to be situated in the centre of the first recess 9. In order to fit the first
supporting beam 5 in the core of insulation material 2, a slot 12 is provided in the
core of insulation material 2 which extends along a longitudinal direction of the
construction element 1. In order to facilitate fitting the first supporting beam 5
in the core of insulation material 2, it is desirable to provide the slot 12 in a
way in which the width b1 of the slot 12 is greater on the bottom side of the core
of insulation material 2 than the width b2 of the slot 12 on the top side of the slot
12. It is also possible to provide a first supporting beam 5 in which the first supporting
beam 5 is wider on the bottom side than on the top side. A combination of both options
is obviously also possible. The embodiment from Fig. 8 furthermore also shows that
counterbattens 13 are attached to the top side of the top panel 8. The counterbattens
13 are connected to the top side of the top panel 8 by means of glue, staples, nails,
screws, another connecting means, or a combination thereof. In a preferred embodiment,
the counterbattens 13 are attached to the top side of the top panel 8 by means of
a combination of glue and staples.
[0069] Fig. 9 shows, in top view, a possible embodiment of the construction element 1 according
to the invention, in which the construction element 1, in addition to a first recess
9, also comprises a first additional recess 14 above, or at least partly above, the
first supporting beam 5, wherein the first additional recess 14 above the first supporting
beam 5 is configured so that insulation material of the core of insulation material
2 is situated between the first additional recess 14 above the first supporting beam
5 and the first supporting beam 5. In this embodiment, the shape of the first recess
9 is cylindrical and the shape of the first additional recess 14 is beam-shaped. Preferably,
the aforementioned recesses 9, 14 are situated closer to the edge of the construction
element 1 than to the centre of the first supporting beam 5.
[0070] Fig. 10 shows, in front view, a cross section along line III-III in Fig. 1 of an
alternative embodiment of a construction element 1, wherein the construction element
1 comprises a second supporting beam 6, wherein insulation material of the core of
insulation material 2 is situated next to the second supporting beam 6 along at least
a part of the - and preferably along the entire - length of the second supporting
beam 6, wherein the construction element 1 is provided with a second recess 15 through
a part of the thickness of the core of insulation material 2, wherein the second recess
15 is situated above, or at least partly above, the second supporting beam 6, wherein
the second recess 15 is configured such that insulation material of the core of insulation
material 2 is situated between the second recess 15 and the second supporting beam
6, and wherein the second recess 15 extends up to the top surface 3 of the construction
element 1. Preferably, the second supporting beam 6 is attached to the baseplate 7
by means of at least one screw - and preferably at least two screws. In the embodiment
illustrated in Fig. 10, a longitudinal side surface of the first supporting beam 5
is situated in a longitudinal side surface of the construction element 1 and no longitudinal
side surface of the second supporting beam 6 is situated in a longitudinal side surface
of the construction element 1. Obviously, it is also possible that a longitudinal
side surface of the first supporting beam 5 and a longitudinal side surface of the
second supporting beam 6 is situated in a longitudinal side surface of the construction
element 1, or that no longitudinal side surface of the first supporting beam 5 nor
a longitudinal side surface of the second supporting beam 6 is situated in a longitudinal
side surface of the construction element 1. In a preferred embodiment, both the first
recess 9 and the second recess 15 are provided with an element 11 to which a hoisting
means may be attached, wherein preferably none of these elements 11 protrude beyond
the top surface 3 of the construction element 1. In this embodiment, both elements
11 are different types of elements, in particular a hook and a screw. Preferably,
the different elements are accommodated in one and the same construction element of
the same type, which is advantageous in order to make installation simple, although
it is not a requirement. By way of example, Fig. 10 also shows that it is possible,
according to the invention, to fit an element 11 to the top surface 3 of the construction
element 1 in such a way that it is not oriented perpendicularly.
[0071] Fig. 11 shows, in front view, a cross section along line III-III in Fig. 1 of an
alternative embodiment of a construction element 1, wherein the construction element
1 is provided with a third recess 17 through a part of the thickness of the core of
insulation material 2, wherein the third recess 17 is situated above a third supporting
beam 18, wherein the thickness of the core of insulation material 2 is greater than
the height of the third supporting beam 18 along at least a part of the length of
the construction element, wherein insulation material of the core of insulation material
2 is situated above the third supporting beam 18 along at least a part of the - and
preferably along the entire - length of the third supporting beam, wherein insulation
material of the core of insulation material 2 is situated next to the third supporting
beam 18 along at least a part of the - and preferably along the entire - length of
the third supporting beam 18. In an embodiment, the third recess 17 is provided with
an element 11 to which a hoisting means may be attached, which is anchored to the
third supporting beam 18 situated underneath.
[0072] In this embodiment, the elements 11 present to which a hoisting means may be attached
are all of a different type, in particular a hook, a lifting sling and a pivoting
lifting eye. For the sake of clarity, the pivoting lifting eye 11 is shown in the
upward position, the same way it would during hoisting of the construction element
1. In the illustrated embodiment, the pivoting lifting eye 11 in the upward position
does not protrude beyond the top surface 3 of the construction element 1, although
this is obviously possible and often even desirable. The embodiment in Fig. 11 shows
different elements 11 to demonstrate the fact that different types of such elements
can be used in the context of the invention. However, it is preferred to use only
one type of such an element in one and the same construction element according to
the invention, without this characteristic feature being essential to the invention.
Thus, it is also possible for a construction element according to the invention to
comprise different types of such an element.
[0073] According to an embodiment (not shown), the third recess is situated above the first
supporting beam 5 or the second supporting beam 6, there preferably being insulation
material of the core of insulation material 2 present between the third recess 17
and the supporting beam situated underneath.
[0074] Fig. 12 shows, in perspective, an embodiment of a construction element 1 according
to the invention, wherein there is a local first recess 9 above the first supporting
beam 5, a local second recess 15 above the second supporting beam 6, and a third supporting
beam 18.
[0075] Fig. 13 shows, also in perspective, a preferred embodiment of a construction element
1 according to the invention, wherein there is a local first recess 9 above the first
supporting beam 5, a local second recess 15 above the second supporting beam 6, and
a local third recess 17 above the third supporting beam 18. Each of the aforementioned
recesses 9, 15, 17 is provided with an element, not visible in the figure, to which
a hoisting means may be attached. The aforementioned elements are non-collinear, in
other words they are not aligned. Preferably, the leftmost element and the rightmost
element, viewed in front view, are situated on the same longitudinal end - which is
understood to be the same half along the longitudinal direction of the construction
element 1, viewed in top view - of the construction element 1, and the central element
is on the longitudinal end opposite thereto. This has the advantage that the construction
element 1 can be hoisted in a more stable manner. Preferably, the distance between
the centre of gravity of the largest possible convex polygon, formed by the at least
three non-collinear elements to which a hoisting means may be attached, and the centre
of gravity of the plane defined by the edges of the construction element 1, is less
than 50%, preferably less than 30%, still more preferably less than 10%, of the width
B of the construction element 1. This is shown diagrammatically in Fig. 16 for the
case where there are four elements 11. This has the advantage that the construction
element 1 can be hoisted in a very stable manner.
[0076] Fig. 14 shows, in front view, a cross section along line III-III in Fig. 1 of an
alternative embodiment of a construction element 1, wherein the first recess 9 and
the second recess 15 are covered in a watertight manner by means of a cover means
19, such as a self-adhesive patch, a roof screen or a cover. In the illustrated embodiment,
an element 11 to which a hoisting means may be attached is present in the first recess
9 and in the second recess 15. In order to facilitate the fitting of the cover means
19, the elements 11 preferably do not protrude beyond the top surface 3 of the construction
element 1.
[0077] Fig. 15 shows, also in front view, a cross section along line III-III in Fig. 1 of
an alternative embodiment of the construction element 1, wherein the element 11 which
is anchored to the first supporting beam 5 consists of several parts 11A, 11B, wherein
the several parts are not necessarily made of the same material. In this case, the
first part of the element 11A is anchored to the second part of the element 11B, possibly
also to the first supporting beam 5 situated underneath, and the second part of the
element 11B is anchored to the first supporting beam 5 situated underneath. Such a
configuration is conceivable in case the first supporting beam 5 consists of several
parts, with at least the second part of the element 11B serving as a connection between
successive parts of the first supporting beam 5. In this embodiment, the element 11
in the second recess 15 is a pivoting lifting eye in the downward position, and the
element 11 is completely under the top surface 3 of the construction element 1.
[0078] Fig. 16 shows, in top view, a preferred embodiment of a construction element 1 according
to the invention, wherein the construction element 1 is provided with a first supporting
beam 5 having a local first recess 9 and a local first additional recess 14 above
it, and a second supporting beam 6 having a local second recess 15 and a local second
additional recess 20 above it. In each recess 9, 14, 15, 20, an element 11 to which
a hoisting means may be attached is present, wherein the element 11 is anchored to
the supporting beam 5, 6 situated underneath. For this embodiment, the centre of gravity
Z of the largest possible convex polygon, formed by the elements 11 to which a hoisting
means may be attached, and the centre of gravity G of the plane defined by the edges
of the construction element 1 have been visualized. Preferably, the distance between
the two centres of gravity Z, G is less than 50%, preferably less than 30%, even more
preferably less than 10%, of the width B of the construction element 1. This has the
advantage that the construction element 1 can be hoisted in a very stable manner.
[0079] It is assumed that it will be clear to a specialist in the field that, irrespective
of the illustrated embodiments, the aforementioned recesses 9, 14, 15, 17, 20 do not
necessarily have the same dimensions.
[0080] It is assumed that it will be clear to a specialist in the field that, irrespective
of the illustrated embodiments, the first supporting beam 5, the second supporting
beam 6, and the optional third supporting beam 18 do not necessarily have the same
dimensions, nor are they made of the same type of material. However, on the basis
of technical stock-keeping considerations, it is preferred if the supporting beams
are identical, or virtually identical.
[0081] Fig. 17 shows a construction element according to embodiments of the invention. Figs.
18, 19 and 20 show details of the construction element from Fig. 17, according to
views XVIII-XVIII, XIX-XIX and XX-XX, respectively, from Fig. 17.
[0082] The construction element from Fig. 17 is a roof element. The roof element from Fig.
17 is configured such that a gutter overhang and an end face overhang can easily be
arranged thereon. Providing roof elements in order to attach only a gutter overhang
or only an end face overhang thereto also fall within the scope of the invention.
[0083] The roof element comprises a core of insulation material 2, between a baseplate 7
and a top panel 8. A first supporting beam 5 and a second supporting beam 6 are attached
to the baseplate 7 and extend in longitudinal direction of the roof element. The thickness
of the core of insulation material 2 is greater than the height D1 of the first supporting
beam 5 and of the second supporting beam 6. Along parts of the first supporting beam
5 and parts of the second supporting beam 6, insulation material of the core of insulation
material 2 is situated above the first supporting beam 5 and above the second supporting
beam 6. On both sides of both the first supporting beam 5 and the second supporting
beam 6, insulation material of the core of insulation material 2 is provided.
[0084] A first recess 9 is provided through a part of the thickness of the core of insulation
material 2. This first recess 9 is situated parallel to and above a part of the length
of the first supporting beam 5. The first recess 9 extends up to the top surface 3
of the roof element. The first recess 9 extends up to an edge of the core of insulation
material 2. The first recess 9 runs as far as on the first supporting beam 5.
[0085] On the first recess 9, the first supporting beam 5 has a height D2 which is smaller
than the height D1 of the first supporting beam 5 outside the recess.
[0086] A beam 25 (shown in Fig. 17 before its fitting into the first recess 9) may be fitted
in the first recess 9 by means of screws 30 so as to make contact with and be attached
to the first supporting beam 5. In the example, the beam 25 and the first recess 9
are dimensioned such that the beam 25 protrudes from the core of insulation material
2 at the front, and therefore from the roof element, so that a gutter overhang can
be attached to the beam 25. The beam 25 and the first recess 9 are dimensioned so
that the top side of the fitted beam 25 is situated in the top surface of the roof
element.
[0087] Obviously, a similar first recess and a similar beam may be provided on a second
supporting beam 6, so that a gutter overhang can be attached to two parallel beams.
[0088] The roof element from Fig. 17 also comprises a recess 27 in the core of insulation
material 2 and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the first supporting
beam 5. The recess 27 runs along the first supporting beam 5 and the second supporting
beam 6. The recess 27 extends up to an edge of the core of insulation material 2.
The recess 27 runs as far as on the first supporting beam 5 and the second supporting
beam 6, which are both configured to be less high in the recess 27 than outside of
it (height D1 outside the recess, height D2 in the recess). Both the first supporting
beam 5 and the second supporting beam 6 are thus less high at the recess 27 than outside
the recess 27.
[0089] A lateral beam 29 may be attached in the recess 27 so as to make contact with and
to the first supporting beam 5, and so as to make contact with and to the second supporting
beam 6, by means of screws 30. After fitting, the lateral beam 29 protrudes beyond
the edge of the core of insulation material 2. In the example, the top side of the
fitted lateral beam 29 is situated in the top surface of the construction element.
The lateral beam 29 makes it possible to attach an end face overhang to the roof element.
[0090] In a similar way, a second lateral beam may be attached in a recess on the first
supporting beam and on the second supporting beam in a different longitudinal position
of the roof element in order to fit an end face overhang to both lateral beams.
[0091] Fig. 17 shows the beam 25 and the lateral beam 29 before being fitted in the roof
element.
[0092] As is clear from the above description, the invention also relates to one or more
of the following numbered items:
1.- Construction element,
wherein the construction element (1) at least comprises
a core of insulation material (2) between a top surface (3) and a bottom surface (4)
of the construction element (1);
and at least a first supporting beam (5) between the top surface (3) and the bottom
surface (4) of the construction element (1),
wherein the first supporting beam (5) extends along a longitudinal direction of the
construction element (1),
wherein the thickness of the core of insulation material (2) is greater than the height
of the first supporting beam (5) along at least a part of the length of the construction
element (1),
wherein insulation material of the core of insulation material (2) is situated above
the first supporting beam (5) along at least a part of the - and preferably along
the entire - length of the first supporting beam (5),
wherein insulation material of the core of insulation material (2) is situated next
to the first supporting beam (5) along at least a part of the - and preferably along
the entire - length of the first supporting beam (5),
characterized in that the construction element (1) is provided with a first recess
(9) through at least a part of the thickness of the core of insulation material (2),
wherein the first recess (9) is situated above, or at least partly above, the first
supporting beam (5),
wherein the first recess (9) preferably extends up to the top surface (3) of the construction
element (1).
2.- Construction element in accordance with item 1,
characterized in that the aforementioned first recess (9) is a local recess, for example
having a cylindrical shape, which does not extend along the entire length of the first
supporting beam (5).
3.- Construction element in accordance with any of the preceding items,
characterized in that the aforementioned first recess (9) is configured such that
insulation material of the core of insulation material (2) is situated between the
first recess (9) and the first supporting beam (5).
4.- Construction element in accordance with any of the preceding items,
characterized in that the aforementioned first recess (9) is narrower than the first
supporting beam (5).
5.- Construction element in accordance with any of the preceding items 1-3,
characterized in that the aforementioned first recess (9) is wider than the first
supporting beam (5).
6.- Construction element in accordance with any of the preceding items,
characterized in that the construction element (1) comprises a baseplate (7), wherein
the baseplate (7) is provided on the bottom side of the core of insulation material
(2).
7.- Construction element in accordance with item 6,
characterized in that the first supporting beam (5) is mechanically connected to the
baseplate (7), preferably wherein the first supporting beam (5) makes contact with
the baseplate (7).
8.- Construction element in accordance with item 7,
characterized in that at least screws, nails or staples are used for the mechanical
connection between the baseplate (7) and the first supporting beam (5).
9.- Construction element in accordance with any of the preceding items 6-8,
characterized in that the first supporting beam (5) is adhesively bonded to the baseplate
(7).
10.- Construction element in accordance with any of the preceding items 6-9,
characterized in that the core of insulation material (2) is adhesively bonded to
the baseplate (7).
11.- Construction element in accordance with any of the preceding items,
characterized in that the construction element (1) comprises a top panel (8), wherein
the top panel (8) is provided on the top side of the core of insulation material (2),
preferably wherein the top panel (8) makes contact with the core of insulation material
(2).
12.- Construction element in accordance with item 11,
characterized in that there is no contact between the top panel (8) and the first
supporting beam (5).
13.- Construction element in accordance with item 11 or 12,
characterized in that the core of insulation material (2) is adhesively bonded to
the top panel (8).
14. - Construction element in accordance with any of the preceding items 11-13,
characterized in that the first recess (9) is a recess which passes through the entire
thickness of the top panel (8) and through at least a part of the thickness of the
core of insulation material (2).
15.- Construction element in accordance with item 14,
characterized in that the first recess (9) is a recess which passes through the entire
thickness of the top panel (8) and through at least a part of the thickness of the
core of insulation material (2), wherein the first recess (9) is configured such that
insulation material of the core of insulation material (2) is situated between the
first recess (9) and the first supporting beam (5).
16.- Construction element in accordance with any of the preceding items,
characterized in that the first recess (9) comprises an element (11) to which a hoisting
means may be attached, wherein the element (11) to which a hoisting means may be attached
is anchored - preferably by means of screwing in this element (11) - to the first
supporting beam (5).
17.- Construction element in accordance with item 16,
characterized in that the element (11) to which a hoisting means may be attached is
a lifting eye, pivotable or non-pivotable, a ring bolt, an eye nut, an eye screw,
a lifting sling, a screw, or a hook.
18.- Construction element in accordance with item 16 or 17,
characterized in that the first recess (9) is sufficiently deep, so that the aforementioned
element (11) is at least partly situated in the first recess (9), wherein the element
(11) does not protrude beyond the top surface (3) of the construction element (1).
19.- Construction element in accordance with any of the preceding items,
characterized in that the core of insulation material (2) consists of one layer of
insulation material.
20.- Construction element in accordance with any of the preceding items 1-18,
characterized in that the core of insulation material (2) comprises at least two layers
of insulation material.
21. - Construction element in accordance with item 19 or 20,
characterized in that the layer or layers of insulation material of the core of insulation
material (2) comprise(s) at least one of the following, or a combination thereof:
expanded polystyrene (EPS), extruded polystyrene (XPS), polyurethane (PUR), polyisocyanurate
(PIR), mineral wool, or another insulation material.
22.- Construction element in accordance with any of the preceding items,
characterized in that the core of insulation material (2) comprises a slot (12), wherein
the first supporting beam (5) is accommodated in the slot (12), wherein this slot
(12) preferably extends in the longitudinal direction of the construction element
(1).
23.- Construction element in accordance with item 22,
characterized in that the width (b2) of the aforementioned slot (12), wherein the
width is seen as parallel with the bottom surface (4) and perpendicular to the longitudinal
direction of the construction element (1), at the location of the bottom surface (4),
is greater than the width (b 1) of the slot (12) at the location of the most internal
face of the first supporting beam (5).
24.- Construction element in accordance with item 22,
characterized in that the width of the first supporting beam (5), wherein the width
is seen as parallel to the bottom surface (4) and perpendicular to the longitudinal
direction of the construction element (1), on the bottom side of the first supporting
beam (5), is greater than the width of the first supporting beam (5) at the location
of the top side of the first supporting beam (5).
25.- Construction element in accordance with items 23 and 24,
characterized in that the width (b2) of the aforementioned slot (12), wherein the
width is seen as parallel with the bottom surface (4) and perpendicular to the longitudinal
direction of the construction element (1), at the location of the bottom surface (4),
is greater than the width (b 1) of the slot (12) at the location of the most internal
face of the first supporting beam (5),
wherein the width of the first supporting beam (5) on the bottom side of the first
supporting beam (5) is greater than the width of the first supporting beam (5) at
the location of the top side of the first supporting beam (5).
26.- Construction element in accordance with any of the preceding items,
characterized in that the core of insulation material (2) is adhesively bonded on
at least one side - and preferably on both sides - of the first supporting beam (5).
27.- Construction element in accordance with any of the preceding items,
characterized in that the core of insulation material (2) is adhesively bonded to
the top side of the first supporting beam (5).
28.- Construction element in accordance with any of the preceding items,
characterized in that the construction element (1) has a thermal resistance of at
least 4 (m2K)/W, preferably of at least 8 (m2K)/W, more preferably of at least 10 (m2K)/W, calculated according to ISO6946:2017.
29.- Construction element in accordance with any of the preceding items,
wherein the construction element (1) comprises a baseplate (7) and a top panel (8),
characterized in that the baseplate (7) and/or the top panel (8) has a thickness of
at least 8 mm, preferably at least 10 mm, more preferably at least 12 mm, and still
more preferably at least 14 mm, wherein the baseplate (7) and the top panel (8) do
not necessarily have the same thickness.
30.- Construction element in accordance with any of the preceding items,
wherein the construction element (1) comprises a baseplate (7) and a top panel (8),
characterized in that the baseplate (7) and/or the top panel (8) has a thickness of
less than 8 mm, wherein the baseplate (7) and the top panel (8) do not necessarily
have the same thickness.
31. - Construction element in accordance with item 29 or 30,
characterized in that the top panel (8) is thicker than the baseplate (7).
32.- Construction element in accordance with item 29 or 30,
characterized in that the top panel (8) is thinner than the baseplate (7).
33.- Construction element in accordance with any of the preceding items,
wherein the construction element (1) comprises a baseplate (7) and/or a top panel
(8),
characterized in that the baseplate (7) and/or the top panel (8) is one of the following
types of panels, wherein the baseplate (7) and the top panel (8) are not necessarily
the same type of panel: particleboards, HDF (high density fibreboard) panels, MDF
(medium density fibreboard) panels, OSB (oriented strand board) panels, CLT (construction
laminated timber) panels, multiplex panels, or another kind of panels.
34.- Construction element in accordance with any of the preceding items,
wherein the construction element (1) comprises at least a top panel (8),
characterized in that counterbattens (13) are attached to the outer surface of the
top panel (8).
35.- Construction element in accordance with item 34,
characterized in that the aforementioned counterbattens (13) are attached by means
of glue, staples, nails, screws, a different connecting means, or a combination thereof.
36.- Construction element in accordance with item 35,
characterized in that the counterbattens are attached by means of a combination of
glue and staples.
37.- Construction element in accordance with any of the preceding items,
characterized in that the first supporting beam (5) has a rectangular, or virtually
rectangular, cross section, a cross section of an I-profile, a C-profile, a tubular
profile, or another kind of profile, wherein the surface moment of inertia of the
cross section is preferably greater about the horizontal axis than about the vertical
axis.
38.- Construction element in accordance with any of the preceding items,
characterized in that the first supporting beam (5) is at least partly manufactured
from wood, metal, or another kind of material.
39. Construction element in accordance with any of the preceding items,
characterized in that the first supporting beam (5) is composed of several parts,
wherein these several parts together form one constructional unit.
40.- Construction element in accordance with any of the preceding items,
characterized in that the construction element (1) comprises a first additional recess
(14) above, or at least partly above, the first supporting beam (5), wherein the first
additional recess (14) above the first supporting beam (5) is configured such that
insulation material of the core of insulation material (2) is situated between the
first additional recess (14) above the first supporting beam (5) and the first supporting
beam (5).
41.- Construction element in accordance with any of the preceding items,
characterized in that the construction element (1) comprises a second supporting beam
(6), wherein insulation material of the core of insulation material (2) is situated
next to the second supporting beam (6) along at least a part of the - and preferably
along the entire - length of the second supporting beam (6),
wherein the construction element (1) is provided with a second recess (15) through
at least a part of the thickness of the core of insulation material (2), wherein the
second recess (15) is situated above, or at least partly above, the second supporting
beam (6);
wherein the second recess (15) is configured such that insulation material of the
core of insulation material (2) is situated between the second recess (15) and the
second supporting beam (6).
42.- Construction element in accordance with item 41,
characterized in that a longitudinal side surface of the first supporting beam (5)
and/or of the second supporting beam (6) is situated in a longitudinal side surface
of the construction element (1).
43.- Construction element in accordance with item 42,
characterized in that a longitudinal side surface of the first supporting beam (5),
but not of the second supporting beam (6), is situated in a longitudinal side surface
of the construction element (1).
44.- Construction element in accordance with item 41,
characterized in that both the first supporting beam (5) and the second supporting
beam (6) bear against insulation material of the core of insulation material (2) on
both sides.
45.- Construction element in accordance with any of the preceding items 41-44,
characterized in that the construction element (1) is provided with a third recess
(17) through at least a part of the thickness of the core of insulation material (2),
wherein the third recess (17) is situated above, or at least partly above, the first
supporting beam (5) or the second supporting beam (6) or an optional third supporting
beam (18); wherein, if the optional third supporting beam (18) is provided, the thickness
of the core of insulation material (2) along at least a part of the length of the
construction element (1) is greater than the height of the optional third supporting
beam (18),
wherein, if the optional third supporting beam (18) is provided, insulation material
of the core of insulation material (2) is situated above the optional third supporting
beam (18) along at least a part of the - and preferably along the entire - length
of the optional third supporting beam (18),
wherein, if the optional third supporting beam (18) is provided, insulation material
of the core of insulation material (2) is situated next to the optional third supporting
beam (18) along at least a part of the - and preferably along the entire - length
of the optional third supporting beam (18).
46.- Construction element in accordance with item 45,
characterized in that the first recess (9), the second recess (15) and the third recess
(17) are non-collinear.
47.- Construction element in accordance with item 46,
characterized in that the first recess (9), the second recess (15) and the third recess
(17) each comprise an element (11) to which a hoisting means may be attached, preferably
wherein these elements (11) do not protrude beyond the top surface (3) of the construction
element (1).
48.- Construction element in accordance with item 47,
characterized in that, in top view, the distance between the centre of gravity (Z)
of the largest possible convex polygon, formed by the at least three non-collinear
elements (11) to which a hoisting means may be attached, and the centre of gravity
(G) of the plane defined by the edges of the construction element (1) is less than
50%, preferably less than 30%, even more preferably less than 10%, of the width (B)
of the construction element (1).
49.- Construction element in accordance with any of the preceding items,
characterized in that the construction element (1) comprises a first supporting beam
(5), a second supporting beam (6), a first recess (9) above the first supporting beam
(5), a first additional recess (14) above the first supporting beam (5), a second
recess (15) above the second supporting beam (6), and a second additional recess (20)
above the second supporting beam (6),
wherein the first additional recess (14) is situated above, or at least partly above,
the first supporting beam (5), wherein the first additional recess (14) above the
first supporting beam (5) is configured such that insulation material of the core
of insulation material (2) is situated between the first additional recess (14) above
the first supporting beam (5) and the first supporting beam (5),
wherein insulation material of the core of insulation material (2) is situated next
to the second supporting beam (6) along at least a part of the - and preferably along
the entire - length of the second supporting beam (6),
wherein the second recess (15) passes through at least a part of the thickness of
the core of insulation material (2), wherein the second recess (15) is situated above,
or at least partly above, the second supporting beam (6); wherein the second recess
(15) is configured such that insulation material of the core of insulation material
(2) is situated between the second recess (15) and the second supporting beam (6),
wherein the second additional recess (20) is situated above, or at least partly above,
the second supporting beam (6), wherein the second additional recess (20) above the
second supporting beam (6) is configured such that insulation material of the core
of insulation material (2) is situated between the second additional recess (20) above
the second supporting beam (6) and the second supporting beam (6).
50.- Construction element in accordance with item 49,
characterized in that the first recess (9), the first additional recess (14), the
second recess (15), and the second additional recess (20) define a quadrangle, preferably
a rectangle.
51.- Construction element in accordance with item 49 or 50,
characterized in that the first recess (9), the first additional recess (14), the
second recess (15), and the second additional recess (20) each comprise an element
(11) to which a hoisting means may be attached, preferably wherein these elements
(11) do not protrude beyond the top surface (3) of the construction element (1).
52.- Construction element in accordance with any of the preceding items,
characterized in that at least one of the longitudinal side surfaces of the construction
element (1) is provided with a slot, and preferably wherein both longitudinal side
surfaces of the construction element (1) are provided with a slot.
53.- Construction element in accordance with any of the preceding items,
characterized in that the first recess (9) is sealed watertight, preferably by means
of a self-adhesive patch, a roof screen, a cover, or another cover means (19).
54.- Construction element in accordance with any of the preceding items,
characterized in that the depth of at least the first recess (9) is less than 10 cm,
preferably less than 5 cm, more preferably less than 2 cm, wherein the depth is calculated
from the top surface of the core of insulation material (2).
55.- Construction element in accordance with any of the preceding items,
characterized in that the first recess (9) extends up to the top surface (3) of the
construction element (1); wherein the first recess (9) extends parallel to the first
supporting beam (5); and wherein the first recess (9) extends up to an edge of the
core of insulation material (2); preferably wherein the first recess extends as far
as on the first supporting beam (5).
56.- Construction element in accordance with item 55,
characterized in that the first supporting beam (5) is less high on at least a part
of the first recess (9) - and preferably along the entire length of the first recess
(9) - than outside of it.
57.- Construction element in accordance with any of the preceding items 55-56,
characterized in that a beam (25) is attached on the first supporting beam (5) in
the first recess (9); preferably wherein this beam (25) makes contact with the first
supporting beam (5).
58.- Construction element in accordance with item 57,
characterized in that the beam (25) protrudes beyond an edge of the core of insulation
material (2).
59.- Construction element in accordance with any of the preceding items 57-58,
characterized in that the beam (25) does not protrude above the top surface (3) of
the construction element; preferably wherein the top side of the beam (25) is situated
in the top surface of the construction element.
60.- Construction element in accordance with any of the preceding items,
characterized in that the construction element comprises a second supporting beam
(6) - preferably parallel to the first supporting beam (5) -, in which the construction
element comprises a recess (27) in the core of insulation material (2) and perpendicular
to the longitudinal direction of the first supporting beam (5), wherein the recess
(27) runs along the first supporting beam (5) and the second supporting beam (6),
wherein the recess extends up to an edge of the core of insulation material (2), preferably
wherein the recess extends as far as on the first supporting beam (5) and the second
supporting beam (6).
61.- Construction element as in item 60,
characterized in that the first supporting beam (5) and the second supporting beam
(6) are less high at the recess (27) than outside of it.
62.- Construction element in accordance with any of the preceding items 60-61,
characterized in that a lateral beam (29) is attached in the recess (27) to the first
supporting beam (5) and to the second supporting beam (6); preferably wherein this
lateral beam (29) makes contact with the first supporting beam (5) and with the second
supporting beam (6).
63.- Construction element in accordance with item 62,
characterized in that the lateral beam (29) protrudes beyond an edge of the core of
insulation material (2).
64.- Construction element in accordance with any of the preceding items 62-63,
characterized in that the lateral beam (29) does not protrude above the top surface
(3) of the construction element; preferably the top side of the lateral beam (29)
is situated in the top surface (3) of the construction element.
65.- Construction element in accordance with any of the preceding items,
characterized in that the construction element (1) is a roof element, or a wall element,
or a floor element, or a ceiling element.
66.- Method for manufacturing a construction element (1) in accordance with one of
the preceding items, comprising at least the following steps:
- a. connecting a baseplate (7) to the first supporting beam (5) by means of screws
or another attachment means
- b. providing at least one slot (12) in the core of insulation material (2) and arranging
the first supporting beam (5) in the slot (12)
- c. connecting the core of insulation material (2) to the baseplate (7) and/or to the
first supporting beam (5)
- d. creating at least a first recess (9) through at least a part of the core of insulation
material (2) through which an element (11) to which a hoisting means may be attached
can be anchored to the first supporting beam (5).
67.- Method for installing a construction element (1) in accordance with any of items
1-65, at least comprising the following steps:
- a. making available a core of insulation material (2)
- b. providing a slot (12) in the core of insulation material (2)
- c. accommodating the first supporting beam (5) in the slot (12) in the core of insulation
material (2)
- d. arranging a baseplate (7) on the underside of the core of insulation material (2)
- e. creating at least a first recess (9) through at least a part of the core of insulation
material (2) through which an element (11) to which a hoisting means may be attached
can be anchored to the first supporting beam (5).
68.- Method for installing a construction element (1) in accordance with any of items
1-65, wherein the method comprises at least the following steps:
- a. fitting at least one hoisting element to one of the at least one element (11) to
which a hoisting means may be attached
- b. hoisting the construction element (1)
- c. positioning the hoisted construction element (1) in the desired location on the
roof frame, during which the construction element (1) is possibly turned over one
or more times
- d. mechanically anchoring the positioned construction element (1) to the roof frame,
preferably by screws which penetrate the entire construction element (1)
- e. detaching and removing the at least one hoisting element
- f. preferably, giving the at least one recess (9) a watertight finish.