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EP 4 770 813 A1

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(43) Date of publication: 08.07.2026 Bulletin 2026/28 (21) Application number: 24765776.0 (22) Date of filing: 29.08.2024

(51) International Patent Classification (IPC):  B22F 1/12(2022.01) B22F 1/102(2022.01) B22F 1/10(2022.01) B22F 7/06(2006.01) H01L 23/00(2006.01) B22F 1/18(2022.01) C22C 1/04(2023.01) B22F 1/054(2022.01) C22C 1/059(2023.01) (52) Cooperative Patent Classification (CPC): B22F 1/12; B22F 1/18; B22F 1/102; C22C 1/0425; C22C 1/0466; B22F 1/054; C22C 1/059; B22F 7/064; B22F 1/10; H10W 72/07331; H10W 72/30   C-Sets: B22F 2999/00, B22F 3/10, B22F 2201/01; (86) International application number: PCT/NL2024/050472 (87) International publication number: WO 2025/048640 (06.03.2025 Gazette 2025/10)

(84) Designated Contracting States: AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC ME MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR Designated Extension States: BA Designated Validation States: GE KH MA MD TN (30) Priority: 29.08.2023 EP 23194039 (71) Applicants: Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek TNO 2595 DA 's-Gravenhage (NL) Technische Universiteit Delft 2628 CN Delft (NL)

(72) Inventors: SMITS, Edsger Constant Pieter 2595 DA 's-Gravenhage (NL) VAN ZEIJL, Hendrikus Wilhelmus 2628 CN Delft (NL) ZHANG, Boyao 2628 CN Delft (NL) (74) Representative: V.O.  P.O. Box 87930 2508 DH Den Haag 2508 DH Den Haag (NL)