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(11)

EP 4 816 987 A2

(12)

(88) Date of publication A3: 07.08.2025 (43) Date of publication: 07.10.2026 Bulletin 2026/41 (21) Application number: 24812835.7 (22) Date of filing: 25.11.2024

(51) International Patent Classification (IPC):  G06N 10/70(2022.01) G06N 10/40(2022.01) G06N 10/20(2022.01) (52) Cooperative Patent Classification (CPC): G06N 10/70; G06N 10/40; G06N 10/20 (86) International application number: PCT/EP2024/083466 (87) International publication number: WO 2025/119691 (12.06.2025 Gazette 2025/24)

(84) Designated Contracting States: AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC ME MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR Designated Extension States: BA Designated Validation States: GE KH MA MD TN (30) Priority: 03.12.2023 US 202318527304 (71) Applicant: International Business Machines Corporation Armonk, New York 10504 (US)

(72) Inventors: BRAVYI, Sergey Yorktown Heights, New York 10598 (US) CROSS, Andrew Yorktown Heights, New York 10598 (US) GAMBETTA, Jay Yorktown Heights, New York 10598 (US) MASLOV, Dmitri Yorktown Heights, New York 10598 (US) RALL, Patrick Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142 (US) TIEN, Kevin Yorktown Heights, New York 10598 (US) YODER, Theodore Yorktown Heights, New York 10598 (US) (74) Representative: IBM Deutschland GmbH  Intellectual Property Law IBM Campus 1 71139 Ehningen 71139 Ehningen (DE)