Wire knotting machine

Description

[0001] This invention relates to new and useful improvements in wire knotting machines, and has particular reference to a machine of the kind for securing a first wire to a second wire extending at right angles to the first, said machine comprising: means for locating said first wire closely adjacent said second wire with a standing portion of said first wire extending in one direction from said second wire and a relatively short end portion of said first wire extending in the opposite direction from said second wire; a driver member rotatable coaxially with said second wire and having an extension parallel but eccentric to its axis and normally underlying said first wire at the side thereof opposite from said second wire; means operable to turn said driver member with an angularly reciprocal motion, whereby during the motion thereof in one direction, the extension thereof engages the end portion of said first wire and bends it around said second wire toward its own standing portion; and means for bending said end portion of said first wire around said standing portion. This connection, although commonly denoted in the trade as a "knot", is not a knot in the technical sense that a strand is led through a loop or bight formed in itself.

[0002] The invention will be described in connection with its use in the formation of a flat grid spring for upholstery structures, although it will be readily apparent that its use is not limited to this purpose. Flat grid springs commonly consist of a pair of parallel longitudinal spring side wires, with a continuous series of closely spaced apart spring cross wires extending laterally between and knotted at their ends about said side wires, and are commonly formed by automatic machinery in which the side wires are longitudinally advanced with an intermittent motion, the cross wires being advanced longitudinally and successively into position at a given station, cut to proper length, and knotted about the side wires while the side wires are at rest.

[0003] The described wire connection, or "knot", is not new in and of itself, but heretofore the two twists involved therein, the first of the cross wire around the side wire, and the second of the cross wire about its own standing portion, have been regarded as two separate operations, each requiring its own set of wire-bending dies. Hence the second twist could not be commenced until the first was completed, and this fact essentially doubled the time the side wires were required to remain at rest while the knots were formed. The two separate operations were deemed necessary since the two twists must be formed in planes generally at right angles to each other. This use of two twisting operations of course severely limited the rate at which the cross wires could be inserted and knotted, and hence limited the production rate of the grid.

[0004] A machine is also known, see DE-C 553531, for bending the two ends of a cross wire around side wires, by urging the cross wire, with pre-bent ends, against a correspondingly shaped anvil which serves to turn the bent over ends of the cross wire around the side wires, which are located in position adjacent the anvil. However, in such a machine the cross wire is simply bent around the side wires in a manner equivalent to the first twist referred to above, there being no second twist such as would be necessary to form a "knot" of the kind described.

[0005] It is an object of the present invention to provide a wire knott;ng machine of the kind initially referred to and which represents the nearest prior art which is capable of forming a knot incorporating the two twists referred to, the machine being capable of forming the two twists in a single operation and with a reduced production time.

[0006] In accordance with the invention this object is achieved in a machine of the kind initially referred to, which is further characterized in that said bending means comprises a fixed anvil having an arcuate concavity which has an axis of curvature generally parallel to the first wire, and curved about said first wire standing portion, in spaced apart relation therefrom, at the side thereof opposite to that.toward which the end portion thereof is moved by said driver member, said anvil being disposed so as to be engaged by the part of the end portion of said first wire projecting outwardly from its point of engagement by said driver extension, and that said driver operates to force said projecting wire portion against said anvil concavity, whereby said projecting wire end portion is bent around the standing portion thereof at the side thereof opposite to the direction it was caused by said driver to approach said standing portion, during the final portion of the movement of said driver, both the bend of the first wire about the second wire, and the bend of its end portion about its standing portion, thereby being accomplished by a single motion of said driver member in one direction, after which said driver member returns to its starting position.

[0007] The machine as thus far described provides a knot the second twist of which, that is, the bend of the cross wire end about its own standing portion, is spaced apart from the side wire, and in which the raw end of the cross wire projects away from the cross wire in an exposed position. This condition is permissible in some cases, such as when the resultant grid spring is to be completely enclosed, but in some cases, such as when the spring is to be exposed in use, the raw wire ends could inflict injury, snag upholstery fabrics, and the like. Accordingly, another object of the invention is the provision of means whereby each knot may be "finished" by pressing the second bend of the cross wire, and its raw end, into close proximity to the side wire, whereby the raw end is shielded. This finishing operation, when its use is desired, is performed at a station in the movement of the side wires subsequent to that at which the knots are initially formed, so that it can occur, with respect to the knots of one cross wire, at the same time the knots of the next subsequent wire are being initially formed. In this manner, the finishing operation does not reduce the production rate of the machine.

[0008] Other objects are simplicity and economy of structure, and efficiency and dependability of operation.

[0009] With these objects in view, as well as other objects which will appear in the course of the specification, reference will be had to the accompanying drawing, wherein:

Figure 1 is a side elevational view of a wire knotting machine embodying the present invention, with parts omitted and parts broken away,

Figure 2 is an enlarged, fragmentary sectional view taken on line II-II of Figure 1, showing the parts as positioned at the commencement of the formation of a knot,

Figure 3 is a fragmentary view similar to Figure 2, showing the parts as positioned at an intermediate stage in the formation of a knot,

Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 3, showing the parts as positioned at a still more advanced stage in the formation of a knot,

Figure 5 is a fragmentary view similar to Figure 4, showing the parts as positioned at the completion of the formation of a knot,

Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 5, showing the knot only, separated from the machine,

Figure 7 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on line VII-Vil of Figure 2,

Figure 8 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on line VIII-VIII of Figure 4,

Figure 9 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on line IX-IX of Figure 5,

Figure 10 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on line X-X of Figure 2,

Figure 11 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken on line XI-XI of Figure 1 showing elements for performing the knot "finishing" operation, prior to the commencement of said operation,

Figure 12 is a fragmentary view similar to Figure 11, showing the parts as positioned at the completion of the knot "finishing" operation,

Figure 13 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on line XIII-XIII of Figure 11,

Figure 14 is a sectional view taken on line XIV-XIV of Figure 11,

Figure 15 is a sectional view taken on line XV-XV of Figure 11,

Figure 16 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on line XVI-XVI of Figure 11, and

Figure 17 is a view similar to Figure 12, showing the knot only, separated from the machine.

[0010] Like reference numerals apply to similar parts throughout the several views. The grid spring to be formed comprises a wire fabric including a pair of parallel side wires 2 (one shown) and a series of closely spaced apart parallel cross wires 4 extending transversely between said side wires and knotted at their ends about said side wires by the machine forming the subject matter of the present invention, which is indicated generally by the numeral 6 in Figure 1. Side wires 2 are usually each provided with a sheath 8 (see Figure 6) of twisted paper or other soft, indentable material, and are often referred to as "ropes" because of their resemblance thereto. Both the side wires and the cross wires are formed of spring steel, the side wires being relatively heavy and the cross wires being relatively light. The grid is illustrated as being formed in a horizontal plane. During the grid formation, the side wires are transported longitudinally and concurrently to the left as viewed in Figure 1, in the direction of arrow 10, which will be termed the "forward" direction. They are advanced with an intermittent motion, the distance between stops being equal to the desired spacing between successive cross wires 4, by any suitable mechanism, not shown as forming no intrinsic part of the present invention, but well understood in the art. Each time the side wires come to rest, a cross wire 4 is knotted thereabout by the knotting machine 6. The knotting machine shown is for forming the knots at the right side wire 2, as viewed when facing forwardly, and it will be understood that the knots at the left side wire are formed by a similar but reversed machine.

[0011] Referring to Figure 2, it will be seen that wire for cross wires 4 may be fed from a reel source, not shown, through a tubular guide 12 carried by a bracket 14 affixed to machine frame 16, by any suitable means, not shown. The wire emerges from guide 12 at a distance outside of side wire 2 such as to provide a wire length outside of the side wire sufficient to form the knot, then passes transversely just below said side wire, then through a guide 18 which starts in inwardly spaced relation from right side wire 2 and extends to a similar relation to the left side wire, to extend outwardly beneath the left side wire at least as far as guide 12 is spaced outwardly, from the right side wire. As detailed in Figure 10, guide 18 consists of a fixed portion 20 and a vertically movable portion 22, the portions normally cooperating to form a tunnel 24 through which wire 4 may be advanced. Movable portion 22 may be elevated upwardly as indicated by arrow 26 in Figure 10, whereby the holder is opened and wire 4 may exit transversely forwardly from the holder, as indicated by arrow 28, as will appear. Movable guide portion 22 is lifted by a rod 30 (see Figure 2) at the proper times, as will appear.

[0012] As a first step in the knotting process, a wire cutter blade 32 is actuated to sever the wire at the end of guide 12, the normal position of the blade being shown in Figures 2 and 4, and its position, when actuated being shown in Figure 3. The portion of the cross wire outside of the side wire will be denoted its "end portion" 4A, and the portion thereof between the side wires will be denoted its "standing portion" 4B.

[0013] Disposed just behind wire 4, between guides 12 and 18, is a driver member 34 constituting a tubular shaft which is horizontal and extends forwardly and rearwardly at right angles to wire 4, and through the central bore of which side wire 2 is advanced to pass just above cross wire 4. The rearward portion of the driver is carried rotatably in a carrier 36, which in turn is mounted for forward and rearward sliding movement in machine frame 16, as by a sliding dovetail connection 38. Carrier 36 is biased forwardly by a frame-based spring 40 (see Figure 1) to urge a transverse pin 42 thereof against a lever 44. Said lever is carried pivotally by machine frame 16, and is pivotally driven with a reciprocal motion to cooperate with spring 40 to move carrier 36 and driver 34 between a forward position in which the forward end of the driver substantially touches cross wire 4, and a rearward position in which the forward end of the driver is spaced rearwardly of wire 4 by a distance slightly greater than the diameter of the cross wire. Driver 34 is turned oscillatably by a pinion gear 46 (Figure 1) fixed on its rearward end, which is engaged by a gear segment 48 carried by an oscillatable arm 50 which it will be understood is pivoted on machine frame 16, and driven by means to be described, to oscillate the driver through less than a full revolution. At its forward end, driver 34 is provided with a forward extension 52, projecting approximately the diameter of wire 4, and being eccentric to the driver axis and normally projecting forwardly beneath wire 4, as in Figure 1.

[0014] In the next step of the knotting process, driver 34 is turned in the direction of arrow 54 in Figures 2-5, by operation of gear members 46-48, just after wire 4 has been severed by blade 32 as in Figure 3. During this turning of the driver, its extension 52 first engages end portion 4A of wire 4, and bends it around side wire 2, as indicated at 53, till it overlies standing portion 4B of wire 4, as in Figure 4. During this portion of the driver rotation, said driver is also retracted rearwardly against spring 40 by lever 44, so that by the time the Figure 4 position is reached, the free end portion 4A of the wire will be disposed just behind standing portion 4B, as best shown in Figure 8. The leading edge of driver extension 52 is undercut as indicated at 56 in Figure 2 and wire end 4A rests in the undercut, to insure that it does not slip out of engagement with the extension during the turning and rearward retraction of the driver. Thus, as the rotation of driver 34 continues, to the position shown in Figures 5 and 9, the extreme end portion of wire end 4A, which projects outwardly from driver extension 52, is lead downwardly behind standing wire portion 4B, and then formed to bend forwardly and upwardly under wire portion 4B by an anvil 58.

[0015] Anvil 58 has the form of an upwardly projecting finger, the upper end of which is at about at the level of side wire 2, and is upwardly concave, as at 60, about an axis of curvature at right angles to the side wire. Said concavity extends from about the plane of the forward end of the driver, forwardly beneath standing portion 4B of the wire. Thus as wire end 4A is pressed forcibly downwardly against the anvil, it is forced to bend forwardly beneath wire section 4B, as best shown in Figure 9 to form a hook bend 62 engaged below wire 4B. Referring to Figures 1 and 2, it will be seen that the lower end of the finger constituting anvil 58 is connected to a bracket 64 by a bolt 66 in a manner to permit vertical adjustment of the anvil, and the bracket 64 is affixed to a second bracket 68 by a bolt 70 in a manner to permit adjustment of the anvil transversely to side wire 2, so that the anvil may be accurately adjusted depending on the wire diameter and resilience, as well as other variable factors. It will be understood that bracket 68 is affixed to machine frame 16.

[0016] When driver 34 reaches the position shown in Figures 5 and 9, the knot is substantially complete, and the driver is rotated to its original position in a direction opposite to arrows 54 by its gears 46-48, and returned forwardly by spring 40, preparatory to receiving the next cross wire after side wires 2 have advanced forwardly one more step, guide 18 opening at this time to permit forward movement of the knotted cross wire. Due to the resilience of the cross wire, it will rebound from the Figure 5 position when released by the driver, recovering for example to the position shown in Figure 6, bringing hook 62 into engagement with standing wire portion 4B, or nearly so. Although not specifically illustrated, it will be understood that in a manner well known in the machine art, the means for intermittently advancing side wires 2, the means for advancing cross wires 4 into position, the means for actuating wire knife 32, the means for operating driver rotating gears 46-48, the means for operating driver retractor lever 44, and the means for operating lifter 30 to open and close guide 18, are all accurately synchronized in order that all of the described operations occur at the proper moments. This may be done, for example, by driving all of the enumerated devices from cams on a common cam shaft, so that slight adjustments of the cams will properly synchronize all functions. This is considered to be well within the known scope of the art.

[0017] The operational speed of the machine is high. A machine substantially as shown, except that it did not include anvil 58 which is the principal feature of the present invention, but formed the hook bend 62 by a separate mechanical means which had to be actuated only after bend 53 of the cross wire around the side wire was completed and hence caused a delay, has been used for many years and has consistently functioned to insert and knot about 150 cross wires per minute, the precise rate depending on the width of the spring grid being formed, since this factor determines the time required to shoot the cross wires into position. However, with the use of anvil 58, which provides that both the bend 53 of the cross wire about the side wire, and also the formation of hook 62, are accomplished in a single motion of driver 34, provides a production rate of about 300 cross wires per minute. This is an extremely important feature from the viewpoint of production economy.

[0018] The knot formed as thus far described, and as shown in Figure 6, is a complete knot and provides a product which is entirely satisfactory for many purposes, such for example as when the product spring grid is to be totally enclosed in an eventual upholstery structure.

[0019] However, a knot of this form does leave the cut raw ends of the cross wires projecting and exposed, so that they could snag anything they contact, thus doing damage or inflicting injury, and thus would be objectionable in certain other uses, such for example as when the spring grid, either bare or plastic-coated, is to be exposed and used to support free cushions or the like.

[0020] To overcome this possible disadvantage of the Figure 6 knot, an optional knot "finisher" may be used, and is shown in Figures 11-17. The finisher comprises a pair of cooperating die members consisting of an anvil finger 72 and a radial arm 74. Anvil finger 72 extends transversely to side wire 2, at the level thereof, forwardly of the position at which a cross wire 4 is being knotted about said side wire, by a distance equal to the desired spacing between successive cross wires. Said anvil finger overlies the side wire at its inner end portion, and is affixed at its outer end, by a screw 76, to a bracket 78 which it will be understood is affixed to machine frame 16. Said anvil is provided at its lower side with a notch 80 through which side wire 2 may advance longitudinally. Said notch provides a rounded corner 82 which when the side wire is engaged therein, braces said wire against upward or outward movement. The notch is enlarged at its forward end to present a forwardly facing shoulder 84, intermediate its forward and rearward end, which enlargement accommodates the bend 53 of the just previously knotted cross wire 4 about the side wire, with shoulder 84 then bracing the bend of wire 4 against rearward movement. Obviously, for the knot to pass through the smaller portion of notch 80 to arrive at the described position, the side wire must be deflected downwardly, and for this purpose the lower rearward portion of the portion of anvil finger 72 inwardly of said notch is bevelled downwardly and forwardly at its lower rearward portion as indicated at 86, and as best shown in Figures 13 and 14. As the side wire advances, cross wire 4 immediately adjacent the side wire engages said bevel, and is deflected downwardly, together with the side wire, until just as the side wire comes to rest, it snaps upwardly to engage the knot in the enlarged portion of notch 80, as wire 4 snaps up in front of a forwardly facing shoulder 88 of the anvil. As wire 4 moves forwardly under bevel 86, its extreme end portion at the cut end thereof, which may extend above the standing portion 4B thereof as shown in Figure 11, is accommodated in a forwardly and rearwardly extending groove 90 formed in the lower surface of the anvil. The parts will then have the positions shown in Figures 11 and 13-16. The enlarged forward portion of notch 80, and also shoulder 88, open through the forward surface of the anvil finger, so that the wire knot may emerge freely therefrom when the side wire next advances. Arm 74 is affixed to and extends radially from a horizontal shaft 92 parallel to the side wire in downwardly and outwardly spaced relation therefrom. Said shaft is carried by bearings 94 which it will be understood are affixed to machine frame 16. At the rearward end of said shaft, there is affixed thereto a crank 96 by means of which arm 74 may be angularly oscillated, being turned in one direction by said crank, and returned in the opposite direction by a torsion spring 98 surrounding shaft 92, being anchored at one end in one of bearings 94, and at its opposite end in the hub of arm 74.

[0021] Arm 74 is generally planar in a plane normal to side wire 2, and its normal or "returned" position is best shown in Figure 11, with an edge surface 100 thereof confronting the side wire, but spaced apart inwardly therefrom by such a distance that the arm does not interfere with forward movement of the side or cross wires. The rearward surface 102 of the arm is planar and vertical, and coplanar with the shoulder 88 of the anvil finger, except that the upper portion of the rear surface of said finger is cut away, as indicated by shoulder 104 (see Figure 13) to provide a vertical surface 106 spaced apart from finger shoulder 88 by a distance slightly greater than the diameter of wire 4. Then, when arm 74 is turned by operation of crank 96 from the position shown in Figure 11 to that shown in Figure 12 it embraces and traps standing portion 4B of wire 4 between shoulder 88 of the finger and surface 106 of the arm, and edge surface 100 of the arm engages first the bend 62 of wire end 4A, and then presses all of said wire end against the side wire, also as shown in Figure 12. This "finishes" the knot by moving bend 62 of wire portion 4A, and also the raw cut end of the wire closely adjacent side wire 2, so that said raw end is shielded, and is far less likely to snag layers of upholstery cloth applied thereover, or to inflict injury. The wire end 4A rebounds resiliently to some degree when released from between finger 72 and arm 74 by the return of arm 74 to its Figure 11 position, as shown in Figure 17. Also, the cut end of the wire may be pressed into the soft sheath 8 of the side wire, for still better shielding. It will be understood that crank 96 is powered from the same common cam shaft, or other common drive means, as is driver 34 which initially forms the knot, and with the means for advancing the side wires intermittently, so as to remain properly synchronized therewith.

[0022] The operation of the machine is believed to have been adequately described in connection with the foregoing description of its construction. It "knots" the wires at a rate believed unattainable with any prior machine. The primary feature contributing to this speed is of course that a single turn of driver 34 both bends wire 4 around side wire 2 at 53, and also forms bend 62 of wire end portion 4A about standing portion 4B. Heretofore it has been considered necessary to make these two bends in separate operations, thus slowing the production rate of the machine. This improvement is accomplished principally, as compared to previous machines, by removing any previously used mechanism for forming bend 62, and substituting therefore the specially formed anvil 58, which functions to form bend 62 simultaneously with the final portion of the bending movement of cross wire 4 around side wire 2. The increase of the production rate of the machine thus provided is rather startling. The knot "finishing" operation provided by finger 72 and arm 74 is of course a separate operation requiring a finite time interval for its performance, but this does not slow the production rate of the machine, since it is performed at a separate station in the forward travel of the cross wires, simultaneously with the initial formation of the next following knot by driver 34. It should also be kept in mind that for many uses of the spring grid produced, the finishing operation is neither required nor needed. The knot finishing elements are therefore optional equipment.

Claims

1. A wire knotting machine for securing a first wire (4) to a second wire (2) extending at right angles to the first, said machine comprising: means (18) for locating said first wire (4) closely adjacent said second wire (2) with a standing portion (4B) of said first wire extending in one direction from said second wire (2) and a relatively short end portion (4A) of said first wire extending in the opposite direction from said second wire (2); a driver member (34) rotatable coaxially with said second wire (2) and having an extension (52) parallel but eccentric to its axis and normally underlying said first wire (4) at the side thereof opposite from said second wire; means (46-48) operable to turn said driver member (34) with an angularly reciprocal motion, whereby during the motion thereof in one direction, the extension (52) thereof engages the end portion (4A) of said first wire (4) and bends it around said second wire (2) toward its own standing portion (4B); and means (58) for bending said end portion of said first wire around said standing portion, characterised in that said bending means comprises a fixed anvil (58) having an arcuate concavity (60) which has an axis of curvature generally parallel to the first wire (4), and curved about said first wire standing portion (48), in spaced apart relation therefrom, at the side thereof opposite to that toward which the end portion (4A) thereof is moved by said driver member (34), said anvil being disposed so as to be engaged by the part of the end portion of said first wire projecting outwardly from its point of engagement by said driver extension (52), and that said driver operates to force said projecting wire portion against said anvil concavity, whereby said projecting wire end portion is bent around the standing portion thereof at the side thereof opposite to the direction it was caused by said driver to approach said standing portion, during the final portion of the movement of said driver, both the bend of the first wire about the second wire (2), and the bend of its end portion about its standing portion, thereby being accomplished by a single motion of said driver member in one direction, after which said driver member returns to its starting position.

2. A wire knotting machine according to Claim 1, characterised in that said driver extension (52) is so configurated that when in engagement with the end portion (4A) of said first wire, it prevents lateral escape of said wire end portion therefrom in a direction parallel to said second wire (2), and that said machine includes means (44) operable during the rotation of said driver (34) in said one direction to retract said driver and extension in a direction parallel to the driver axis, by a distance at least as great as the diameter of said first wire (4), whereby the extreme end (4A) of the first wire is caused to pass behind its standing portion (4B) to engage the concavity (60) of said anvil (58), rather than engaging the standing portion (4B) thereof, and to advance said driver (34) axially to its starting portion as said driver turns angularly to its starting position.

3. A wire knotting machine according to Claim 2, characterised in that the degree of retraction of said driver (34) is slightly greater than the diameter of the first wire (4), that said driver (34) is provided with an end face normal to said second wire and substantially engaging said first wire when said driver is in its starting position, and that said driver extension (52) projects from said driver end face by a distance less than the degree of retraction of said driver during the knotting operation, whereby said driver extension passes the standing portion (4B) of the first wire during the knotting operation.

4. A wire knotting machine according to Claim 3, characterised in that said driver member (34) is tubular and is arranged to confine said second wire (2) closely in the central bore thereof at said end face, whereby said second wire is substantially rigidly supported directly adjacent the point at which said first wire is bent around said second wire, as said bend is formed.

5. A wire knotting machine according to Claim 1, characterised in that said fixed anvil (58) is mounted by means (70, 64, 66) permitting adjustable movement thereof both longitudinally and radially relative to the standing portion of the first wire, to adapt the machine for use with first wires of various diameters and stiffnesses.

6. A wire knotting machine according to Claim 1 with the addition of a knot finishing means (72, 74) operable, after the knot has been initially formed by said driver (34) and said anvil (58), to press the entire knotted end portion of said first wire (4) closely adjacent said second wire (2), whereby said second wire shields the raw end of said first wire.

7. A wire knotting machine according to Claim 6, characterised by means (known per se) for advancing said second wire longitudinally with an intermittent motion, the arrangement being such that a first wire (4) is positioned and initially knotted by said driver (34) and anvil (58) at a fixed station each time the second wire comes to rest, and wherein said finishing means (72, 74) is positioned at a subsequent station in the movement of the second wire (2) and is operable to finish a knot previously initially formed, simultaneously with the initial formation of the knot of a following first wire (4), whereby the use of the finishing means does not reduce the rate at which the first wires may be knotted about said second wire.

8. A wire knotting machine according to Claim 7, characterised in that said knot finishing means comprises: a second anvil (72) intersecting said second wire and having a notch (80) opening laterally of said second wire (2) in which said wire is accommodated and through which said second wire may advance longitudinally, said notch (80) providing lateral backup support for said second wire (2) at the side thereof opposite to that at which the end portion (4A) of the first wire (4) is disposed when initially knotted; a pivoted pressure arm (74) having a longitudinal edge surface (100) generally parallel to said second wire (2) and normally spaced apart from said second wire at the side thereof at which the knotted end portion of the first wire (4) extends, by a distance greater than the extension of said first wire end portion; and operating means (96) for pivoting said pressure arm (74) to move said edge surface (100) thereof toward said second wire, said arm and second anvil (72) closely embracing the standing portion of said first wire therebetween, whereby during this movement of the arm (74) said edge surface (100) thereof engages and presses the end portion of said first wire forcibly against said second wire.

9. A wire knotting machine according to Claim 8, characterised in that the notch (80) of said second anvil (72) has a smaller portion (82) capable of engaging said second wire (2) closely, and an enlarged portion (84) which opens laterally of the second wire (2), and forwardly with respect to the direction of travel of the second wire, and is of sufficient size to accommodate the enlargement (53) of the second wire formed by the bend of a first wire thereabout, said second anvil being provided with a bevelled surface (86) operable, during the forward movement of said second wire (2) and the first wire (4) knotted thereabout, to engage said first wire (4) closely adjacent said second wire, and to deflect said wires (2, 4) resiliently toward the open lateral side (88) of said notch, whereby the enlargement of the second wire (2) formed by the bend (53) of the first wire (4) by-passes the smaller portion (82) of said notch and enters the enlarged portion (84) thereof.

Ansprüche

1. Vorrichtung zum Verbinden von Drähten zur Befestigung eines ersten Drahtes (4) mit einem sich im rechten Winkel zu dem ersten Draht erstreckenden zweiten Draht (2), bestehend aus Einrichtungen (18) zum Führen de ersten Drahtes (4) dicht neben dem zweiten Draht (2), wobei ein feststehender Teil (48) des ersten Drahtes in einer Richtung von dem zweiten Draht (2) sich erstreckt und ein relativ kurzes Ende (4A) des ersten Drahtes sich in der entgegengesetzten Richtung von dem zweiten Draht (2) erstreckt, aus einem koaxial zu dem zweiten Draht (2) drehbaren Antriebsteil (34) mit einer parallel, aber exzentrisch zu seiner Achse angeordneten und normalerweise unter dem ersten Draht (4) an dessen dem zweiten Draht gegenüberliegenden Seite anliegenden Ansatz (52), aus Einrichtungen (46-48), die dazu dienen, das Antriebsteil (34) mit einer wechselseitigen Winkelbewegung zu betätigen, so daß während der Bewegung in der einen Richtung der Ansatz (52) an dem Ende (4A) des ersten Drahtes (4) angreift und dieses um den zweiten Draht (2) in Richtung des feststehenden Teils (4B) zu biegen, sowie durch Einrichtungen zum Biegen des Endteils des ersten Drahtes um den feststehenden Teil, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Biegeeinrichtung einen feststehenden Anschlag (48) mit einem konkaven Bogen (60) aufweist, dessen Krümmungsachse im allgemeinen parallel zu dem ersten Draht (4) verläuft und um den feststehenden Teil (4B) des ersten Drahtes in Abstand von diesem gekrümmt ist und zwar an der Seite gegenüber derjenigen Seite, zu der das Ende (4A) durch das Antriebsteil (34) gebogen wird, wobei dieser Anschlag (58) derart angeordnet ist, daß an ihm der Teil des ersten Drahtes angreift, der sich von dem Angriffspunkt durch den Antriebsansatz (52) nach außen erstreckt und daß der Antrieb im abstehenden Drahtteil gegen die konkave Anschlagfläche drückt, so daß dieses abstehende Drahtende um den feststehenden Teil gebogen wird und zwar an der Seite gegegenüber der von dem Antrieb bei der Annäherung an den feststehenden Teil bewirkten Richtung während des Endes der Bewegung des Antriebs, so daß sowohl die Biegung des ersten Drahtes um den zweiten Draht (2) und die Biegung seines Endes um den feststehenden Teil bei einer einzigen Bewegung des Antriebsteils in einer Richtung ausgeführt wird, worauf das Antriebsteil in die Ausgangsstellung zurückkehrt.

2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ansatz (52) des Antriebs so gestaltet ist, daß er bei seinem Angriff an dem Ende (4A) des ersten Drahtes ein seitliches Ausweichen dieses Drahtendes in einer Richtung parallel zu dem zweiten Draht (2) verhindert, und daß die Vorrichtung während der Drehung des Antriebs in der einen Richtung zu betätigende Einrichtungen (34) aufweist, um den Antrieb und den Anschlag in einer parallelen Richtung zur Antriebsachse zurückzuführen und zwar um einen Abstand der mindestens so groß ist wie der Durchmesser des ersten Drahtes (4), wobei das äußere Ende (4A) des ersten Drahtes hinter den feststehenden Teil (4B) gelangt und an der konkaven Fläche (60) des Anschlags (58) und schließlich an dem feststehenden Teil (4B) angreift, wobei das Antriebsteil (34) axial in seine Ausgangsstellung gebracht wird, in welcher das Antriebsteils sich in seine Ausgangsstellung dreht.

3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Maß der Rückwärtsbewegung des Antriebsteils (34) geringfügig größer ist als der Durchmesser des ersten Drahtes (4), daß das Antriebsteil (34) mit einer senkrecht zu dem zweiten Draht gerichteten Stirnfläche versehen ist, die den ersten Draht fest ergreift, wenn das Antriebsteil in seiner Ausgangsstellung sich befindet, und daß der Ansatz (52) des Antriebs um einen Abstand von der Antriebsstirnfläche absteht, der kleiner ist als der Rückweg des Antriebs während des Bindevorgangs, wodurch der Ansatz des Antriebs den feststehenden Teil (4B) des ersten Drahtes während des Bindevorgangs passiert.

4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Antriebsteil (34) rohrförmig ausgebildet und so angeordnet ist, daß es den zweiten Draht (2) in der zentralen Bohrung an der Stirnfläche umschließt, wodurch der zweite Draht bei der Bildung der Biegung unmittelbar neben dem Punkt, an welchem der erste Draht um den zweiten Draht gebogen wird, festgehalten wird.

5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der feste Anschlag (58) durch Einrichtungen (70, 64, 66) angeordnet ist, die eine verstellbare Bewegung sowohl in Längsrichtung, als auch radial zu dem feststehenden Teil des ersten Drahtes gestatten, um eine Anpassung an die Verwendung verschiedener Durchmesser und Festigkeiten des ersten Drahtes zu ermöglichen.

6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet zusätzlich durch eine Einrichtung (72, 74) zur Vollendung des Biegevorgangs, die, nachdem der Biegevorgang durch das Antriebsteil (34) und den Anschlag (58) ausgeführt ist, wirksam wird, um das gesamte gebogene Ende des ersten Drahtes (4) dicht an den zweiten Draht (2) zu pressen, so daß der zweite Draht das rauhe Ende des ersten Drahtes abdeckt.

7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, gekennzeichnet durch an sich bekannte Einrichtungen zum Längsvorschub des zweiten Drahtes in intermittierender Bewegung in der Weise, daß der erste Draht (4) in einer festen Station geführt und zunächst gebogen wird, wenn jeweils der zweite Draht zum Stillstand gelangt, wobei die Nachbearbeitungseinrichtung (72, 74) in einer bei der Bewegung des zweiten Drahtes (2) nachfolgenden Station angeordnet ist und zum Nachbearbeiten einer zuvor gebildeten Biegung gleichzeitig mit dem Biegevorgang des folgenden ersten Drahtes (4) betätigt wird, wobei die Anwendung der Nachbearbeitungseinrichtung nicht die Geschwindigkeit, mit welcher die ersten Drähte um den zweiten Draht gebogen werden, beeinträchtigt.

8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Nachbearbeitungseinrichtung besteht aus einem zweiten Anschlag (72), der den zweiten Draht kreuzt und eine Nut (80) mit einer seitlich des zweiten Drahtes (2) liegenden Öffnung aufweist, welche den Draht aufnimmt, wobei diese Nut (80) eine seitliche Unterstützung für den zweiten Draht (2) an der Seite desselben aufweist, die gegenüber der Seite liegt, an welcher das Ende (4A) des ersten Drahtes bei dem einleitenden Biegen angeordnet ist, daß ein drehbarer Druckarm vorgesehen ist, der eine im allgemeinen parallel zu dem zweiten Draht (2) verlaufende Längsfläche (100) aufweist und sich im allgemeinen in Abstand von dem zweiten Draht an derjenigen Seite dieses Drahtes befindet, zu welcher sich das gebogene Ende des ersten Drahtes (4) erstreckt und zwar um einen Abstand der größer ist als die Erstreckung des ersten Drahtendes; und durch eine Betätigungseinrichtung (96) zum Verschwenken des Druckarms (74), um dessen Seitenfläche (100) in Richtung des zweiten Drahtes zu bewegen, wobei der Druckarm und der zweite Anschlag (72) den feststehenden Teil des ersten Drahtes zwischen sich einschließen, wodurch während dieser Bewegung des Armes (74) dessen Seitenfläche (100) das Ende des ersten Drahtes ergreift und fest gegen den zweiten Draht preßt.

9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Nut (80) des zweiten Anschlags (72) einen engeren Teil (82) zum dichten Angriff an dem zweiten Draht (2) und einen erweiterten Teil (84) aufweist, der seitlich des zweiten Drahtes (2) und nach vorn gegenüber der Bewegungsrichtung des zweiten Drahtes geöffnet und hinreichend groß ist, um die durch die Biegung eines ersten Drahtes um den zweiten Draht bewirkte Verdickung aufzunehmen, wobei der Anschlag eine Schrägfläche (86) aufweist, die während der Vorwärtsbewegung des zweiten Drahtes (4) und der Biegung des ersten Drahtes um diesen betätigt wird und den ersten Draht (4) dicht an den zweiten Draht preßt sowie die Drähte (2, 4) federnd in Richtung der geöffneten Seite (88) der Nut ablenkt, wodurch die durch die Biegung (53) des ersten Drahtes (4) bewirkte Verdickung des zweiten Drahtes (2) den engeren Teil (82) der Nut umgeht und in deren erweiterten Teil (84) eintritt.

Revendications

1. Machine à nouer les fils métalliques pour fixer un premier fil métallique (4) sur un deuxième fil métallique (2) s'étendant perpendiculairement au premier, cette machine comprenant: des moyens (18) pour positionner le premier fil (4) au voisinage immédiat du deuxième fil (2) avec une portion principale (4B) du premier fil s'étendant dans une direction à partir du deuxième fil (2) et une portion terminale relativement courte (4A) du premier fil s'étendant dans la direction opposée à partir de ce deuxième fil (2); un élément entraîneur (34) pouvant tourner coaxialement au deuxième fil (2) et ayant un bossage (52) parallèle à son axe, mais excentré par rapport à lui, et situé normalement en dessous du premier fil (4) sur le côté de celui-ci opposé au deuxième fil (2); des moyens (46-48) pouvant être mis en oeuvre pour faire tourner cet élément entraîneur (34) d'un mouvement angulaire alternatif, grâce à quoi, pendant ce mouvement dans un sens, le bossage (52) attaque la portion terminale (4A) du premier fil (4) et la coude autour du deuxième fil (2) dans la direction de sa propre portion principale (48); et des moyens (58) pour couder cette portion terminale du premier fil autour de sa portion principale, caractérisée en ce que ces moyens de coudage comportent une enclume fixe (58) ayant une concavité (60) dont l'axe de courbure est sensiblement parallèle au premier fil (4) et incurvée autour de la portion principale (4B) du premier fil, en s'en trouvant à une certaine distance, sur le côté de cette portion (4B) opposée à celui vers lequel est déplacée sa portion terminale (4A) par l'élément entraîneur (34), cette enclume étant disposée de façon à coopérer avec la partie de la portion terminale du premier fil se projetant vers l'extérieur depuis son point d'attaque par le bossage d'entraînement (52), et en ce que ledit entraîneur applique de force cette portion du fil se projetant contre la concavité de l'enclume, d'où il résulte que cette portion terminale de fil se projetant est coudée autour de la portion principale du fil sur son côté opposé à la direction dans laquelle l'entraîneur la force à s'approcher de la portion principale, lors de la partie finale du mouvement de l'entraîneur, le coude du premier fil autour du deuxième fil (2) et le coude de sa portion terminale autour de sa portion principale étant ainsi tous deux réalisés par un seul mouvement de l'élément entraîneur dans une direction, après quoi l'élément entraîneur retourne à sa position de départ.

2. Machine à nouer les fils métalliques selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que ce bossage d'entraînement (52) à une forme telle que, lorsqu'il coopère avec la portion terminale (4A) du premier fil, elle empêche cette portion terminale de s'en échapper latéralement dans une direction parallèle au deuxième fil (2), et en ce que cette machine comporte des moyens (44) pouvant être mis en oeuvre durant la rotation de l'entraîneur (34) dans ladite direction pour rétracter l'entraîneur et le bossage, dans une direction parallèle à l'axe de l'entraîneur, d'une distance au moins égale au diamètre du premier fil (4), d'où il résulte que l'extrémité (4A) du premier fil est amenée à passer derrière sa portion principale (4B) afin de coopérer avec la concavité de l'enclume plutôt que de coopérer avec sa portion principale (4B), et pour faire avancer axialement l'entraîneur (34) jusqu'à sa position de départ lorsque cet entraîneur tourne angulairement jusqu'à sa position de départ.

3. Machine à nouer les fils métalliques selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que le degré de rétraction de l'entraîneur (34) est légèrement supérieur au diamètre du premier fil (4), en ce que l'entraîneur (34) a une face terminale perpendiculaire au deuxième fil et coopérant pratiquement avec le premier fil lorsque l'entraîneur est dans sa position de départ, et en ce que le bossage d'entraînement (52) se projette de cette face terminale de l'entraîneur d'une distance inférieure au degré de rétraction de l'entraîneur lors de l'opération de nouage, d'où il résulte que le bossage d'entraînement passe la portion principale (4B) du premier fil lors de l'opération de nouage.

4. Machine à nouer les fils métalliques selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que l'élément entraîneur (34) est tubulaire et est agencé pour confiner étroitement le deuxième fil (2) dans son alésage central au niveau de sa face terminale, d'où il résulte que ce deuxième fil est supporté pratiquement rigidement au voisinage direct du point auquel le premier fil est coudé autour du deuxième fil, lorsque le coude est formé.

5. Machine à nouer les fils métalliques selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'enclume fixe (58) est montée par des moyens (70, 64, 66) permettant de la régler à la fois longitudinalement et radialement par rapport à la portion principale du premier fil, pour adapter la machine à être utilisée avec des premiers fils de divers diamètres et de diverses rigidités.

6. Machine à nouer les fils métalliques selon la revendication 1, avec addition de moyens de finition des noeuds (72, 74) pouvant être mis en oeuvre, après que le noeud a été initialement formé par l'entraîneur (34) et l'enclume (58), pour presser toute la portion terminale nouée du premier fil (4) au voisinage immédiat du deuxième fil (2), grâce à quoi le deuxième fil protège l'extrémité brute du premier fil.

7. Machine à nouer les fils métalliques selon la revendication 1, caractérisée par des moyens connus en soi pour faire avancer longitudinalement le deuxième fil d'un mouvement intermittent, l'agencement étant tel qu'un premier fil (4) est positionné et initialement noué par l'entraîneur (34) et l'enclume (58) à un poste fixe chaque fois que le deuxième fil vient au repos, et dans laquelle les moyens de finition (72, 74) sont disposés à un poste ultérieur dans la direction du mouvement du deuxième fil (2) et peuvent être mis en oeuvre pour finir en noeud préalablement initialement formé en même temps qu'est initialement formé le noeud d'un premier fil (4) suivant, d'où il résulte que l'utilisation des moyens de finition ne réduit pas la cadence de nouage des premiers fils autour du second fil.

8. Machine à nouer les fils métalliques selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de finition des noeuds comprennent: une deuxième enclume (72) croisant le deuxième fil et ayant une encoche (80) s'ouvrant sur le côté du deuxième fil (2), dans laquelle ce fil est logé et à travers laquelle il peut avancer longitudinalement, cette encoche (80) procurant au deuxième fil (2) un support d'appui latéral sur le côté du fil opposé à celui sur lequel est disposée la portion terminale (4A) du premier fil (4) lorsqu'il est initialement noué; un bras de pression pivotant (74) ayant une surface de bord longitudinale (100) généralement parallèle au deuxième fil (2) et normalement espacée de ce deuxième fil, sur le côté de celui-ci sur lequel s'étend la portion terminale nouée du premier fil (4), d'une distance supérieure à la longueur de la portion terminale du premier fil, et des moyens d'actionnement (96) pour faire pivoter le bras de pression (74) et déplacer sa surface de bord (100) en direction du deuxième fil, ce bras et la deuxième enclume (72) enserrant étroitement entre eux la portion principale du premier fil, d'où il résulte que, pendant ce mouvement du bras (7₄), sa surface de bord (100) attaque et applique de force la portion terminale du premier fil contre le deuxième fil.

9. Machine à nouer les fils métalliques selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que l'encoche (80) de la deuxième enclume a une portion plus étroite (82) pouvant coopérer étroitement avec le deuxième fil (2) et une portion plus large (84) qui s'ouvre sur le côté du deuxième fil (2) et vers l'avant par rapport à la direction du déplacement du deuxième fil et dont la dimension est suffisante pour recevoir l'élargissement (53) du deuxième fil formé par le coude d'un premier fil autour de lui, la deuxième enclume comportant une surface en biseau (86) servant, lors du mouvement vers l'avant du deuxième fil (2) et du premier fil (4) noué autour, à coopérer avec le premier fil étroitement adjacent au deuxième fil et à dévier élastiquement ces fils (2, 4) vers le côté latéral ouvert (88) de l'encoche, d'où il résulte que l'élargissement du deuxième fil (2) formé par le coude (53) du premier fil (4) contourne la portion plus étroite (28) de l'encoche et pénètre dans sa portion plus large (84).

Drawing