|
(11) | EP 0 074 715 B1 |
| (12) | EUROPEAN PATENT SPECIFICATION |
|
|
| (54) |
Method for producing oriented silicon steel having improved magnetic properties Verfahren zum Herstellen von kornorientiertem Siliziumstahl mit verbesserten magnetischen Eigenschaften Procédé de production d'acier au silicium à grains orientés possédant des caractéristiques magnétiques améliorées |
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Note: Within nine months from the publication of the mention of the grant of the European patent, any person may give notice to the European Patent Office of opposition to the European patent granted. Notice of opposition shall be filed in a written reasoned statement. It shall not be deemed to have been filed until the opposition fee has been paid. (Art. 99(1) European Patent Convention). |
[0001] The present invention relates to a method for producing oriented silicon steel having improved magnetic properties and particularly improved core loss.
[0002] Oriented silicon steel in the form of sheets is known for use in various electrical applications, including the manufacture of transformer cores. The steel is produced by hot-rolling followed by cold-rolling with or without intermediate annealing. Normalizing treatments are then conducted during which both decarburization and recrystallization are achieved. The steel is then conventionally coated and texture annealed. With oriented silicon steel after final texture annealing the alloy is characterized by a secondary recrystallization texture in the (110) (001) position, which is termed the cube-on-edge orientation. This alloy in sheet form has a single direction of easy magnetization in the direction of rolling. In applications for this material and specifically when used in the manufacture of transformer cores the material desirably has reduced core loss, because the consumption of electrical energy decreases as core loss decreases. Reduced core loss may be promoted by achieving improved cube-on-edge orientation or grain structure, which in turn results in improved magnetic properties, specifically improved core loss.
[0003] Also it is known to reduce the surfaces of the strip prior to final heat treatment, as is disclosed in DE-1191399 and in U.S.A. 3105781.
[0004] It is accordingly an object of the present invention to provide a method whereby oriented silicon steel may be provided with an improved orientation with regard to the secondary grain or crystal structure after texture annealing, which achieves reduced core loss.
[0005] The present invention provides a method for producing oriented silicon steel having improved core loss, including the steps of hot-rolling, cold-rolling with intermediate annealing, normalizing and final texture annealing, wherein at least 3.3 pm is removed from each surface of said steel after cold-rolling and prior to normalizing said steel.
[0006] The invention will be more particularly described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a schematic representation of specific examples of the practice of the present invention;
Figure 2 is a curve showing the permeability achieved with respect to the specific examples set forth in Figure 1; and
Figure 3 is a curve showing the core loss determinations with respect to the specific examples of Figure 1.
[0007] In accordance with the invention it was determined better oriented secondary grains are produced in the interior of a strip as opposed to the surface portions thereof. In accordance with the practice of the invention it was determined that, and as will be shown by specific examples hereinafter, if oriented silicon steel is subjected to an operation such as acid pickling to remove at least 3.3 µm from each surface of the steel after cold-rolling and prior to normalizing and final texture annealing the surface portion thereof will be characterized by an improved secondary recrystallization or grain orientation which is the substantial equivalent of that typically occurring in the interior of the strip. This removal operation is performed by acid pickling and preferably by the use of a hydrochloric acid solution.
[0008] By way of a specific example to demonstrate the invention samples of oriented silicon steels of the following compositions were employed:-
[0009] Samples in the form of strips of the above compositions were processed to determine the effect of surface removal brought about by pickling on the final magnetic properties after texture annealing. The processing sequences for these samples are set forth in Figure 1. As may be seen from this Figure 1 samples of the steel were subjected to pickling before and after final normalizing steps. In Figure 1 the symbols N, Q and P indicate the following treatments:
N=Normal final normalizing cycle, 788°C (1450°F) or 802°C (1475°F) at a strip travel rate of 152.4 mm (6 in)/min, in 80N2/20H2 at 10°C (50°F) dew point.
Q=Quick heat to 982°C (1800°F) for 1 min in 80N¡20H2 at 10°C (50°F) dew point.
P=Pickle in 50% HCI, removing about .0127 mm (1/2 mil) from each side of strip.
[0010] Prior to texture annealing all the sample strips were coated with MgO+.75% B and thereafter final texture annealed in H2 at 1177°C (2150°F). The magnetic properties of the samples after final texture annealing with respect to permeability and core loss are set forth in Figures 2 and 3, respectively where u10H indicates the magnetising force in hundredths of thousandths of Oersteads applied to the samples and WPP at 17KB indicates the core loss of magnetisation in Watts per pound at a field strength of 17 kilogauss. The number after each data point in Figures 2 and 3, represents the calculated gauge of the strips. By way of comparison with conventionally processed material not subjected to pickling in accordance with the examples set forth in Figure 1, the permeability and core loss data for conventionally processed materials are set forth in Table I. The material of Table I is of the same composition as that subjected to the testing as reported in Figure 1 and likewise was similarly coated after a similar normalizing treatment and prior to texture annealing.
[0011] From the magnetic property data presented in Figures 2 and 3, when compared with the Table I data for conventionally processed material, it is evident that pickling in accordance with the invention prior to final normalizing results in an appreciable improvement in magnetic properties after texture annealing. More specifically, the treatment for the samples as set forth in Figure 1 designated at P+Q treatment yields the lowest core loss; whereas, the sample subjected to the N+P treatment produces the highest core loss. The N+P treatment samples with respect to core loss approximate the core loss values achieved with conventional processing, absent a pickling treatment as may be seen from the Table I data.
1. A method for producing oriented silicon steel strip having improved core loss,
including the steps of hot rolling, cold rolling with intermediate annealing, removal
of a part of the surface of the steel strip, coating the surface with a refractory
oxide base coating and final texture annealing to produce a cube-on-edge orientation,
characterized in that after cold rolling, at least 3.3 pm is removed from each surface
of the steel strip, the steel strip is decarburised and recrystallized (normalised),
the steel strip is coated with refractory oxide base coating and the steel strip is
final texture annealed to produce the cube-on-edge orientation.
2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that at least 3.3 pm is removed
from each surface of said steel by acid pickling.
3. A method according to claim 2, characterized in that said pickling is performed
by the use of an HCI solution.
1. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines orientierten Siliciumstahlbandes, das durch einen
verbesserten Kernverlust charakterisiert ist, umfassend die Stufen des Heißwalzens,
Kaltwalzens mit Zwischenglühen bzw. -tempern, Entfernens eines Teils der Oberfläche
des Stahlbandes, Beschichtens der Oberfläche mit einer feuerfesten Oxid-Grundbeschichtung
und abschließend Texturglühens bzw. -temperns, um eine Würfel-auf-Kante (cube-on-edge)-Orientierung
zu erzeugen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß nach dem Kaltwalzen mindestens 3,3 pm von
jeder Oberfläche des Stahlbandes entfernt werden, das Stahlband dekarbonisiert und
rekristallisiert (normalisiert) wird, das Stahlband mit einer feuerfesten Oxid-Grundbeschichtung
beschichtet wird und das Stahlband abschließend texturgeglüht bzw. -getempert wird,
um die Würfel-auf-Kante-Orientierung zu erzeugen.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens 33 um von jeder
Oberfläche des Stahls durch Säurebeizen entfernt werden.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Beizen durch Verwendung
einer HCI-Lösung ausgeführt wird.
1. Procédé de fabrication d'un feuillard d'acier orienté au silicium, caractérisé
par des pertes réduites dans le fer, comprenant les étapes de laminage à chaud, de
laminage à froid avec un recuit intermédiaire, d'enlèvement d'une partie de la surface
de feuillard d'acier, de revêtement de la surface par un revêtement à base d'un oxyde
réfractaire et de recuit final de la texture afin qu'une orientation de cube sur la
tranche soit formée, caractérisé en ce que, après laminage à froid, 3,3 microns au
moins sont retirés de chaque face du feuillard, celui-ci est décarburé et recristallisé
(normalisé), le feuillard est revêtu d'un revêtement à base d'oxyde réfractaire, et
le feuillard subit un recuit final de la texture destiné à donner l'orientation du
cube sur une arête.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que 33 microns au moins sont
retirés de chaque face de l'acier par décapage par un acide.
3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le décapage est réalisé
à l'aide d'une solution de HCI.