[0001] This invention refers to a piezoelectric lighter. More precisely, the present invention
refers to a piezoelectric lighter, such as a gas lighter, which has an electric oscillatory
circuit forming an integral part of the cartridge, without any flexible parts.
[0002] Piezoelectric lighters with several spark discharges, especially gas lighters, are
generally composed of a piezoelectric oscillator inside a chassis and includes a pressure
lever. Usually the voltage generated by the variation in pressure is transmitted to
two fixed electrodes, placed on the lighter tip, where the sputtered gas or liquid
gives rise to the ignition spark, through two separate cables, each having two terminals
or solderings.
[0003] The active element, or piezoelectric cartridge, is normally composed of two cylinder-shaped
piezoelectric containers, mounted in parallel, with one polarity at the centre and
the opposite polarity at the two parallel ends.
[0004] The piezoelectric cartridge with two ceramics has various drawbacks not only due
to its rather high cost but also to the fact that the assembly and electric circuit
are somewhat complicated. To overcome these difficulties, lighters with several spark
discharges have been designed adopting just a single ceramic element.
[0005] Gas lighters having a piezoelectric unit containing just one ceramic are already
known.
[0006] Nonetheless, this type of lighter is not entirely satisfactory since it does not
manage to simplify the construction to a sufficient degree to be able to reduce the
costs. The main handicap lies in the fact that the electric circuit is still kept
separate, using flexible cables.
[0007] According to this invention, the above-mentioned drawbacks are eliminated by adopting
a piezoelectric lighter in which the piezoelectric cartridge, oscillating inside the
container, at one end is grounded to same and, through a pressure trigger, has immediate
contact with the metal opening of the chassis provided with a semicircular-shaped
tongue constituting the first electrode; whereas, the opposite end makes contact with
an oscillating metal rod sustained by an insulating support base of said cartridge
able to work as a counter-electrode during oscillation and to slide past the first
electrode.
[0008] The cartridge may have a twin ceramic but it is preferable, to simplify the construction
and reduce costs, that the cartidge have just one piezoelectric ceramic.
[0009] The most important feature of this invention is that the electric oscillatory circuit
forms an integral part of the cartridge, in such a way that the only mobile part of
the circuit is the reciprocal counter-position of the two electrodes, between which
the spark must strike, whereas the remainder of the electric circuit is articulated
but not flexible. Elimination of every flexible element (cables) simplifies assembly
automation to a great extent. Another feature of this invention regards the variability
of the sparking distance, i.e. it is at its least at starting and quenching of the
spark and at its most during the central stage, when ionization occurs thus lengthening
the spark.
[0010] This is obtained by curving the counter-electrode, forming an integral part of the
opening grounded to the chassis, whose radius is smaller than that of the oscillating
arm of the rigid tip in respect of the cartridge. The initial shortness of the distance
makes the spark strike quicker and surer and the length of the spark in the central
stage increases the efficacy of the lighter.
[0011] For greater clarity, the piezoelectric lighter referred to in this invention will
be described heretofore making re-- ference to the enclosed figures showing two embodiments
of same, which serve to illustrate but not limit the present invention, wherein :
Figure 1 shows a schematic view of a central cross section of a lighter with a single
ceramic cartridge, the electric circuit of which is an inflexible, integral part of
same and oscillating with it ;
Figure 2 shows in detail the single ceramic component seen in figure 1 and its assembly
on a larger scale ; and figure 3 shows a schematic view of a means of accomplishing
a rigid, oscillatory electric circuit if a twin ceramic cartridge is used.
[0012] With reference to figures 1 and 2, the gas lighter referred to in this invention
comprises two semipermanent molds 1 and 2 made of molded resin, having coupling holes
6 and 7 and ending in the metal opening at the head 3.
[0013] On the upper surface of the mold 1 juts the trigger 4, indicated as always being
compressed and, by the dotted line, in a state cf return and expansion. Inside this
layout, which is normally the usual one, is assembled the active element referred
to in this invention. Inside the container comprising the two semipermanent molds
1 and 2, is assembled, according to any arrangement, the active active unit 10, mounted
on the chassis 11 of the mold 2, grounded, at the end point 12 towards the tip, to
the metal opening 3, the tongue extension of which acts as the first electrode of
the circuit.
[0014] On this chassis 11, the ceramic cartridge oscillates (in the drawing marked by a
single active element), housed in a container 13 made of insulator material. The container
13 forms an integral part of the sheath holding the oscillating rod 14 ; the container
13 and the sheath 14 forming a single molded part.
[0015] In the casing of the container 13 is housed the ceramic element 15, which, through
the conductor disk 17, presses against the partition 16. The conductor disk 17 makes
contact, by pressure and electric continuity, on the conductor rod 18, inserted in
the sheath 14 and constituting the second electrode of the circuit connected at a
polarity of the ceramic element 15. On the side of the insulating partition 16 facing
the conductor disk 17 is assembled a notched pellet 20, oscillating on the chassis
11.
[0016] On the side of the ceramic element 15 facing that resting on the conductor disk 17,
is assembled, by means of the interposition of a shock-absorbing metal washer, a second
metal pellet 22 with notch 23, inside which is inserted a corresponding lever expansion
24. The lever 24, in turn, is articulated in 25 on the chassis 11 with which it constitutes
a metallic continuity and consequently a conductor element towards the first fixed
electrode 5.
[0017] The continuous line in figures 1 and 2 indicates the final position of the trigger
4 and the pressure lever 24, i.e. slightly below dead center and with the rod 18 in
the lowered position A.
[0018] Removing the pressure from the trigger 4, the lever 24 takes on the position indicated
by the dashed line and the rod 18 moves into position B, also indicated by a dashed
line, rotating around point 30. The alpha angle variation of the lever 24 causes a
change in the pressure on the ceramic element 15 and generates the pressure which
makes the sparks strike between the mobile element from B to A within the beta angle.
Within this angle (as better illustrated in figure 2 showing just the active part
enlarged and bearing the same numbers as in the previous figure) and along the subtended
arc, the distance between 5 and 18 is not constant, it being shorter nearer B to facilitate
the spark starting and greater in the intermediate tract to lengthen the sparks in
the already ionized air, thus increasing the ignition area of the gas, then to be
reduced to the initial value in A, in order to create the same electric and kinematic
conditions with an inverted polarity. This is obtained by curving the tongue 5, forming
an integral part of the opening 3, the radius of which is smaller than that pivoted
in 30 of the ideal arc covered by the head of the electrode 18. In this way one increases
the igniting reliability of the spark between 5 and 18 in the position of least distance
and one obtains a greater ignition reliability for the gas flowing from the windows
26 and 26', machined on the same opening 3 and aligned with the slit from which the
tongue 5 originates and in the one facing it on the other wall.
[0019] From figure 2 it is easy to understand how all the elements may be mutually fitted
and engaged merely by slip coupling and pressure. In particular, the notch 30 is slightly
larger than the thickness of the chassis 11 to permit an automatic slight misalignment
in respect of the second notch 23 on the pellet 22. The pellet 22, in turn, is provided
with a bevel 1 23' as compact as possible to be compatible with the coupling of the
lever 24 between the two fulcrum points 23 and 25. The container 13, the partitioon
16 and the tubular sheath 14 are molded in a single block out of plastic insulating
material able to withstand drilling and stress generated by compression. The tubular
sheath 14 blocks the conductor rod 18 with a slight rabbet 17 or with a knurl having
a slight undercut.
[0020] In the piezoelectric lighter referred to in this invention the whole electric circuit
is accomplished without any flexible elements, the only deformable element being the
space of the beta arc wherein the one electrode moves in respect of the other fixed
one. In the types of piezoelectric lighters known till now, the electrodes remain
fixed and the circuit is flexible through the use of cables. Figures 1 and 2 show
a preferred embodiment having a single ceramic element, which, by using known devices,
is sufficient to generate sparks strong enough to spark off any gas. However, the
aim of this invention also includes the use of a double ceramic element, realized
still with a circuit without flexible cables, for example, according to the embodiment
shown in figure 3. In this embodiment two ceramic elements
32 assembled in the container 31, one opposite the other, in such a way as to have
one of the two polarities along the same lines as the conductor plate 37 electrically
coherent f with the conductor rod 38 contained in the sheath 32. At the two ends of
the ceramic elements 32 rest the conductor pellets 39, which, through the lever 24,
controlled by the trigger 4, are grounded to the chassis and consequently to the opening
as shown in the first solution.
1. A piezoelectric lighter, especially a gas lighter, com prising a chassis equipped
with a pressure lever and at the end having an opening, a piezoelectric element oscillating
inside the chassis and two electrodes in correspondence with the tip of the lighter,
reached by the gas or liquid to be lit, in electrical contact with same active element,
characterized by the fact that one electrode is composed of the conductor opening
(3) in electric continuity with the chassis (2) and grounded to a polarity of the
active electric element (15), through the pressure lever (24), and the other electrode
is composed of a conductor rod (18), which is in electric contact with the other polarity
of the active piezoelectric element (15), when under pressure, through a conductor
disk (17); said conductor rod (18) being contained in an oscillating insulator sheath
(14), forming an integral part of the oscillating container (13) of the active piezoelectric
element (15).
2. A lighter, as per claim 1, characterized by the fact that the active piezoelectric
element (15) is a single ceramic element, having one polarity directly grounded, through
the lever (24) and the chassis (2) to the opening or fixed electrode (3) and a second
polarity, through the rod in pressure contact, oscillating until it faces, at a distance
lesser than the breakdown voltage, the opening already mentioned. A lighter as per
claims 1 and 2, characterized by the fact that the metal opening (3) directly grounded
to the chassis, is provided, either by shearing or molding, with a circular-shaped
tongue (5) the radius of which is smaller than that of the circle (30) on which the
mobile tip oscil- lates (18), consequently the distance is shorter when the electrode
is at rest or at end of stroke and greater during the central stage of the excursion.
4. A lighter as per any one of the former claims from 1 to 3; characterized by the
fact that the active element (15) is composed of two ceramic elements (32) assembled
in parallel, with one pair of polarities grounded to the chassis and to the opening
and a second pair aligned in parallel on a conductor plate (37) electrically coherent
with the conductor rod (38) oscillating with the active element.
5. A lighter as per any one of the former claims, characterized by the fact that one
pellet (20) with notch (30) is set on one side (16) of the insulator container (13),
in parallel to the conductor disk (17), and a second metal pellet (22) with notch
(23) is set on the opposite side of the active element (15).
6. A lighter as per claim 5, characterized by the fact that the lever (24) is equipped
with an extension which is inserted in the notch (23) of the pellet (22).
7. A lighter as per claims 5 and 6, characterized by the fact that the pellet (22)
is provided with a bevel (23'). A lighter according to any of the former claims from
5 to 7, characterized by the fact that the notch (30) of the pellet (20) is larger
than the thickness of the chassis (11), in order to obtain a slight misalignment in
respect of the second notch (23) of the opposite pellet (22).