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EP 0 150 087 B1 |
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EUROPEAN PATENT SPECIFICATION |
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Mention of the grant of the patent: |
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16.03.1988 Bulletin 1988/11 |
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Date of filing: 10.01.1985 |
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A thermal limiting device
Thermische Begrenzungsvorrichtung
Dispositif thermal de limitation
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Designated Contracting States: |
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AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI LU NL SE |
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Priority: |
21.01.1984 GB 8401621
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Date of publication of application: |
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31.07.1985 Bulletin 1985/31 |
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Proprietor: THORN EMI Patents Limited |
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Hayes
Middlesex UB3 1BP (GB) |
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Inventors: |
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- Crossley, Peter William
Havant
Hampshire, P09 2QL (GB)
- Goodchild, Graham Howlett
Portchester
Hampshire (GB)
- Fellerman, Bernard Frederick
Hayling Island
Hampshire (GB)
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Representative: Hurst, Richard Arthur Alexander et al |
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THORN EMI Patents Limited,
Central Research Laboratories,
Dawley Road Hayes,
Middlesex UB3 1HH Hayes,
Middlesex UB3 1HH (GB) |
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References cited: :
EP-A- 0 117 346 GB-A- 1 282 656
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DE-A- 3 102 919 US-A- 3 355 574
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Note: Within nine months from the publication of the mention of the grant of the European
patent, any person may give notice to the European Patent Office of opposition to
the European patent
granted. Notice of opposition shall be filed in a written reasoned statement. It shall
not be deemed to
have been filed until the opposition fee has been paid. (Art. 99(1) European Patent
Convention).
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[0001] This invention relates to a thermal limiting device and in particular, though not
exclusively, to such a device for use in heating apparatus of the kind described in
our co-pending European Patent Application No. 83307338.0 (EP-A-117346) incorporating
one or more sources of infra-red radiation, in the form of tungsten-halogen lamps.
[0002] With reference to GB-A-2146431 and International Publication No. W085/01412, the
applicant has voluntarily limited the scope of the present application and submitted
separate claims for United Kingdom, Federal Republic of Germany and Austria.
[0003] In one embodiment of the heating application disclosed in UK application 8320717
(GB-A-2132060), there is provided a shallow tray member containing thermally-insulative
material and supporting four infra-red-emitting, tungsten-halogen lamps. The tray
nember, usually along with a number of similar members, is preferably mounted beneath
a layer of glass ceramic so as to form a cooking hob.
[0004] It is necessary to ensure that the operating temperature of the glass ceramic layer
does not exceed a value of approximately 700°C, and to this end, the heating apparatus
incorporates a thermal limiter comprising a metallic wire enclosed within a quartz
tube. The wire is arranged, in use, to activate a microswitch when the maximum operating
temperature of the glass ceramic is reached so as to disconnect the power supply to
the infra-red lamps.
[0005] The aforementioned Application EP-A-117346 (which falls within the terms of Article
54(3) of the European Patent Convention) also discloses that, in order to render the
limiter responsive primarily to the actual temperature of the glass ceramic, the limiter
is preferably shielded from incident infra-red radiation, which may be for example,
directly from the infra-red lamps or reflected from a shiny, reflective base of a
cooking utensil placed on the upper surface of the glass ceramic.
[0006] It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved thermal limiting
device of the afore-mentioned type.
[0007] According to the invention there is provided a thermal limiting device for controlling
power supplied to one or more sources of infra-red radiation mounted in heating apparatus,
said device including a metallic wire member accommodated within a tubular member,
said wire member being arranged, when subjected to a predetermined temperature, to
disconnect the supply of said power to said source or sources, - characterised in
that said tubular member is capable of selectively transmitting and absorbing infra-red
radiation of different wavelengths, and said device further includes a thermally-conductive
tubular structure located between said tubular member and said wire member, said tubular
structure being provided with an infra-red-reflective outer surface to prevent infra-red
radiation transmitted through said tubular member from reaching said wire member.
[0008] Preferably the tubular structure is made from.a suitable metallic material, and is
preferably concentric with the metallic wire within the tubular member. The tubular
structure is also preferably coated on its outer surface with a suitable infra-red
reflective coating.
[0009] The tubular member of the device is preferably made from a quartz material, which
transmits reflected, and directly incident, infra-red radiation in a first band of
wavelengths emitted from the source or sources, preferably tungsten-halogen lamps,
and this transmitted radiation is subsequently reflected back out of the tubular member
by the infra-red reflective outer surface of the tubular structure.
[0010] However, it has been found that radiation in a second band of wavelengths, is absorbed
by the quartz tubular member, so that the heat within the tubular member causes thermal
expansion of the wire member by thermal conduction and convection, thereby causing
the wire member to de- energise the infra-red-emitting lamps, when the maximum operating
temperature is reached.
[0011] The invention will now be further described by way of example only with reference
to the accompanying drawing, the single Figure of which shows a plan view of one example
of heating apparatus disclosed in European Patent Application No. 83307338.0, (EP-A-117346)
incorporating one embodiment of the present invention.
[0012] The Figure shows heating apparatus including a generally circular metallic tray 1
having a layer 2 of thermally-insulative material disposed therewithin. Two oppositely-extending
flanges, 3 and 4, of the tray 1 support four infra-red-emitting, tungsten-halogen
lamps, 5 to 8, disposed in a parallel arrangement across the circular region of the
tray 1. A moulding 9 of ceramic fibre material is press-fitted around the ends of
the lamps 5 to 8, and the apparatus, preferably together with three similar apparatuses,
is mounted beneath a layer of glass ceramic (not shown) to form a cooking hob.
[0013] A thermal limiting device, shown at 10, is located within the heating apparatus,
either below or at the same level as the lamps 5 to 8. The device 10 consists of a
metallic wire 11, preferably formed from a nickel alloy known as Hastelloy X, disposed
within a quartz tube 12. The wire 11-is arranged to activate microswitch 13 when the
maximum operating temperature of the glass is attained.
[0014] To render the device 10 primarily responsive to radiation absorbed by and re-radiated
from the glass ceramic, which radiation is indicative of the actual temperature of
the glass ceramic, a metallic tube 14, preferably made from stainless steel, is disposed
within the quartz tube 12, around and concentric with the wire 11.
[0015] The tube 14 is coated on its outer surface with an infra-red reflective coating,
which may, for example, consist of a nickel flash followed by a gold coating of 1-5pm
thickness. Other examples of infra-red-reflective coatings which may be employed are
disclosed in our copending European Patent Application No. 84306455.1 (EP-A-146215).
[0016] A spider support arrangement (not shown), constructed from a suitable material, may
be provided within the quartz tube 12, so as to space the metallic tube 14 from the
quartz tube 12 in a controllable manner.
[0017] In operation, radiation in a first band of wavelengths of approximately 0.15-3pm,
which is reflected, for example, from a shiny base of a cooking utensil disposed upon
the glass ceramic or incident directly from the infra-red lamps, is transmitted through
the quartz tube 12 and subsequently reflected back out therefrom by the reflective
coating on the tube 14, so that the wire 11 within the tube 14 remains unresponsive
to radiation of these wavelengths.
[0018] However, radiation is a second band of wavelengths above approximately 4.5pm, which
is absorbed by and re-radiated from the glass ceramic, is absorbed by the quartz tube
and the wire 11 is heated by the absorbed radiation by thermal conduction and convection,
thereby causing the wire 11 to undego thermal expansion and activate the microswitch
13 when the maximum operating temperature of the glass ceramic is reached.
[0019] The thermal limiting device, in accordance with the present invention, is therefore
primarily responsive to radiation absorbed by and re-radiated from the glass ceramic,
which radiation is indicative of the actual temperature of the glass ceramic, thereby
enabling the device to monitor accurately the operating temperature thereof.
Claims for the following Contracting State(s) : s: BE CH FR IT LI LU NL SE
1. A thermal limiting device for controlling power supplied to one or more sources
(5 to 8) of infra-red radiation mounted in heating apparatus, said device (10) including
a metallic wire member (11) accommodated within a tubular member (12), said wire member
(11) being arranged, when subjected to a predetermined temperature, to disconnect
the supply of said power to said source or sources (5 to 8), characterised in that
said tubular member (12) is capable of selectively transmitting and absorbing infra-red
radiation of different wavelengths, and said device (10) further includes a thermally-conductive
tubular structure (14) located between said tubular member (12 and said member (11),
said tubular structure (14) being provided with an infra-red-reflective outer surface
to prevent infra-red radiation transmitted through said tubular member from reaching
said wire member (11).
2. A device as claimed in Claim 1 wherein said tubular structure (14) is coated on
said outer surface with an infra-red-reflective coating.
3. A device as claimed in Claim 2 wherein said coating consists of a layer of gold
overlying a layer of nickel.
4. A device as claimed in any preceding claim wherein a support arrangement is provided
within said tubular member (12) to space said tubular structure (14) from said tubular
member (12).
5. A device as claimed in any preceding claim wherein said tubular structure (14)
is generally concentric with said wire member (11).
6. A device as claimed in any preceding claim wherein said tubular member (12) is
formed from a quartz material.
7. Heating apparatus including one or more sources (5 to 8) of infra-red radiation
and a thermal limiting device (10) as claimed in any preceding claim.
8. Heating apparatus as claimed in Claim 7 wherein said one or more sources (5 to
8) each consist of a tungsten-halogen lamp.
9. A cooking hob including one or more heating apparatus, as claimed in Claim 7 or
8, said apparatus being mounted beneath a layer of infra-red-transmissive material
and the tubular member (12) of said thermal limiting device (10) being arranged to
absorb primarily infra-red radiation of a wavelength indicative of the temperature
of said layer.
Claims for the following Contracting State(s) : s: GB AT DE
1. A thermal limiting device for controlling power supplied to one or more sources
(5 to 8) of infra-red radiation mounted in heating apparatus, said device (10) including
a metallic wire member (11) accommodated within a tubular member (12), said wire member
(11) being arranged, when subjected to a predetermined temperature, to disconnect
the supply of said power to said source or sources (5 to 8), said tubular member (12)
being capable of selectively transmitting and absorbing infra-red radiation of different
wavelengths, and said device (10) further includes a thermally-conductive tubular
structure (14) located between said tubular member (12) and said wire member (11),
characterised in that said tubular structure (14) is also provided with a coating
of an infra-red-reflective material on its outer surface to prevent infra-red radiation
transmitted through said tubular member from reaching said wire member (11).
2. A device as claimed in Claim 1 wherein said coating consists of a layer of gold
overlying a layer of nickel.
3. A device as claimed in any preceding claim wherein a support arrangement is provided
within said tubular member (12) to space said tubular structure (14) from said tubular
member (12).
4. A device as claimed in any preceding claim wherein said tubular structure (14)
is generally concentric with said wire member (11).
5. A device as claimed in any preceding claim wherein said tubular member (12) is
formed from a quartz material.
6. Heating apparatus including one or more sources (5 to 8) of infra-red radiation
and a thermal limiting device (10) as claimed in any preceding claim.
7. Heating apparatus as claimed in Claim 6 wherein said one or more sources (5 to
8) each consist of a tungsten-halogen lamp.
8. A cooking hob including one or more heating apparatus, as claimed in Claim 6 or
7, said apparatus being mounted beneath a layer of infra-red-transmissive material
and the tubular member (12) of said thermal limiting device (10) being arranged to
absorb primarily infra-red radiation of a wavelength indicative of the temperature
of said layer.
Patentansprüche für folgende(n) Vertragsstaat(en) : DE CH FR IT LI LU NL SE
1. Thermische Begrenzungsvorrichtung zur Steuerung der Leistung, die einer oder mehreren,
in einem Heizgerät angebrachten Infrarot-Strahlungsquellen (5 bis 8) zugeführt wird,
wobei die genannte Vorrichtung (10) ein metallisches, in einem rohrförmigen Element
(12) angeordnetes Drahtelement (11) einschließt, das, wenn es einer vorgegebenen Temperatur
unterworfen wird, die Zuführung der Leistung zu der Quelle oder den Quellen (5 bis
8) unterbricht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das genannte rohrförmige Element (12)
in der Lage ist, selektiv Infrarot-Strahlung mit unterschiedlichen Wellenl'ängen durchzulassen
und zu absorbieren, und daß die genannte Vorrichtung (10) ferner eine thermisch leitende
rohrförmige Anordnung (14) einschließt, die sich zwischen dem rohrförmigen Element
(12) und dem Drahtelement befindet, und daß die genannte rohrförmige Anordnung (14)
mit einer Infrarot-Strahlung reflektierenden äußeren Oberfläche versehen ist, um zu
verhindern, daß durch das genannte rohrförmige Element durchgelassene Infrarot-Strahlung
das genannte Drahtelement (11) erreicht.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, bei der die genannte rohrförmige Anordnung (14) auf
der genannten äußeren Oberfläche mit einer Infrarot reflektierenden Schicht beschichtet
ist.
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, bei der die genannte Beschichtung aus einer Gold-Schicht
besteht, die sich auf einer Nickel-Schicht befindet.
4. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei der innerhalb des genannten
rohrförmigen Elements (12) eine Lageranordnung vorgesehen ist, um die genannte rohrförmige
Anordnung (14) im Abstand zu dem genannten rohrförmigen Element (12) zu halten.
5. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei der die genannte rohrförmige
Anordnung (14) im allgemeinen konzentrisch zu dem genannten Drahtelement (11) ist.
6. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei der das genannte rohrförmige
Element (12) aus einem Quarzmaterial besteht.
7. Heizgerät mit einer oder mehreren Infrarot-Strahlungsquellen (5 bis 8) und einer
thermischen Begrenzungsvorrichtung (10) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche.
8. Heizgerät nach Anspruch 7, bei dem die eine oder die mehreren Quellen (5 bis 8)
jeweils aus einer Wolfram-Halogen-Lampe bestehen.
9. Kocheinheit mit einem oder mehreren Heizgeräten nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, bei der
das oder die Heizgeräte unterhalb einer Schicht aus infrarotdurchlässigem Material
angeordnet sind und das rohrförmige Element (12) de genannten thermischen Begrenzungsvorrichtung
(10) so ausgebildet ist, daß es primär Infrarot-Strahlung mit einer Wellenlänge absorbiert,
die ein Maß für die Temperatur der genannten Schicht ist.
Patentansprüche für folgende(n) Vertragsstaat(en) : GB DE AT
1. Thermische Begrenzungsvorrichtung zur Steuerung der Leistung, die einer oder mehreren
in einem Heizgerät angebrachten Infrarot-Strahlungsquellen (5 bis 8) zugeführt wird,
wobei die genannte Vorrichtung (10) ein metallisches, in einem rohrförmigen Element
(12) angeordnetes Drahtelement (11) einschließt, das, wenn es einer vorgegebenen Temperatur
unterworfen wird, die Zuführung der Leistung zu der Quelle oder den Quellen (5 bis
8) unterbricht, wobei das genannte rohrförmige Element (12) in der Lage ist, selektiv
Infrarot-Strahlung mit unterschiedlichen Wellenlängen durchzulassen und zu absorbieren,
und wobei die genannte Vorrichtung (10) ferner eine thermisch leitende, rohrförmige
Anordnung (14) einschließt, die sich zwischen dem rohrförmigen Element (12) und dem
Drahtelement (11) befindet, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die genannte rohrförmige Anordnung
(14) ferner mit einer Beschichtung aus einem Infrarot reflektierenden Material auf
seiner äußeren Oberfläche versehen ist, um zu verhindern, daß durch das genannte rohrförmige
Element durchgelassene Infrarot-Strahlung das genannte Drahtelement (11) erreicht.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, bei der die genannte Beschichtung aus einer Gold-Schicht
besteht, die sich auf einer Nickel-Schicht befindet.
3. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei der innerhalb des genannten
rohrförmigen Elementes (12) eine Lageranordnung vorgesehen ist, um die genannte rohrförmige
Anordnung (14) im Abstand zu dem genannten rohrförmigen Element (12) zu halten.
4. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei der die genannte rohrförmige
Anordnung (14) im allgemeinen konzentrisch zu dem genannten Drahtelement (11) ist.
5. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei der das genannte rohrförmige
Element (12) aus einem Quarzmaterial besteht.
6. Heizgerät mit einer oder mehreren Infrarot-Strahlungsquellen (5 bis 8) und einer
thermischen Begrenzungsvorrichtung (10) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche.
7. Heizgerät nach Anspruch 6, bei dem die eine oder die mehreren Quellen (5 bis 8)
jeweils aus einer Wolfram-Halogen-Lampe bestehen.
8. Kocheinheit mit einem oder mehreren Heizgeräten nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, bei der
das oder die Heizgeräte unterhalb einer Schicht aus infrarotdurchlässigem Material
angeordnet sind und das rohrförmige Element (12) der genannten thermischen Begrenzungsvorrichtung
(10) so ausgebildet ist, daß es primär Infrarot-Strahlung mit einer Wellenlänge absorbiert,
die ein Maß für die Temperatur der genannten Schicht ist.
Revendications pour l'(les) Etat(s) contractant(s) suivant(s) : BE CH FR IT LI LU
NL, SE
1. Un dispositif thermique de limitation pour commander le courant fourni à une ou
plusieurs sources (5 à 8) de rayonnement infrarouge montées dans un appareil de chauffage,
ledit dispositif (10) comprenant un élément en fil métallique (11) logé à l'intérieur
d'un élément tubulaire (12), ledit élément en fil (11) étant agencé, quand il est
soumis à une température prédéterminée, pour déconnecter ladite source de courant
par rapport à la ou aux sources de rayonnement infrarouge précitées (5 à 8), caractérisé
en ce que ledit élément tubulaire (12) est capable sélectivement de transmettre et
d'absorber des rayonnements infrarouges de différentes longueurs d'ondes, et ledit
dispositif (10) comprend en outre une structure tubulaire thermiquement conductrice
(14) qui est placée entre ledit élément tubulaire (12) et ledit élément en fil (11),
ladite structure tubulaire (14) étant pourvue d'une surface extérieure de réflexion
d'infrarouge pour empêcher un rayonnement infrarouge transmis par l'intermédiaire
dudit élément tubulaire d'atteindre ledit élément en fil (11).
2. Un dispositif tel que revendiqué dans la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que
ladite structure tubulaire (14) est revêtue, sur ladite surface extérieure, d'un revêtement
de réflexion d'infrarouge.
3. Un dispositif tel que revendiqué dans la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que
ledit revêtement se compose d'un couche d'or placée sur une couche de nickel.
4. Un dispositif tel que revendiqué dans une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu à l'intérieur dudit élément tubulaire (12) un dispositif
de support pour espacer ladite structure tubulaire (14) dudit élément tubulaire (12).
5. Un dispositif tel que revendiqué dans une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
caractérisé en ce que ladite structure tubulaire (14) est dans l'ensemble concentrique
audit élément en fil (11).
6. Un dispositif tel que revendiqué dans une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
caractérisé en ce que ledit élément tubulaire (12) est formé d'un matériau en quartz.
7. Appareil de chauffage comprenant une ou plusieurs sources (5 à 8) de rayonnement
infrarouge et un dispositif thermique de limitation (10) tel que revendiqué dans une
quelconque des revendications précédentes.
8. Appareil de chauffage tel que revendiqué dans la revendication 7, caractérisé en
ce que la ou les sources précitées (5 à 8) se composent chacune d'une lampe à tungstène-halogène.
9. Une plaque de cuisson comprenant un ou plusieurs appareils de chauffage tels que
revendiqués dans les revendications 7 ou 8, le ou lesdits appareil(s) étant monté(s)
en dessous d'une couche d'une matière transmettant un rayonnement infrarouge et l'élément
tubulaire (12) dudit dispositif de limitation thermique (10) étant agencé de façon
à absorber principalement un rayonnement infrarouge d'une longueur d'onde indiquant
la température de ladite couche.
Revendications pour l'(les) Etat(s) contractant(s) suivant(s) : GB DE AT
1. Un dispositif thermique de limitation pour commander le courant fourni à une ou
plusieurs sources (5 à 8) de rayonnement infrarouge montées dans un appareil de chauffage,
ledit dispositif (10) comprenant un élément en fil métallique (11) logé à l'intérieur
d'un élément tubulaire (12), ledit élément en fil (11) étant agencé, quand il est
soumis à une température prédéterminée, pour déconnecter ladite source de courant
par rapport à la ou aux sources de rayonnement infrarouge précitées (5 à 8), ledit
élément tubulaire (12) étant capable sélectivement de transmettre et d'absorber un
rayonnement infrarouge de différentes longueurs d'ondes, et ledit dispositif (10)
comprenant en outre une structure tubulaire thermiquement conductrice (14) placée
entre ledit élément tubulaire (12) et ledit élément en fil (11), caractérisé en ce
que ladite structure tubulaire (14) est également pourvue sur sa surface extérieure
d'une revêtement formé d'une matière de réflexion d'infrarouge pour empêcher un rayonnement
infrarouge transmis par l'intermédiaire de élément tubulaire d'atteindre ledit élément
en fil (11).
2. Un dispositif tel que revendiqué dans la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que
ledit revêtement se compose d'une couche d'or placée sur une couche de nickel.
3. Un dispositif tel que revendiqué dans une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu à l'intérieur dudit élément tubulaire (12) un dispositif
de support pour espacer ladite structure tubulaire (14) dudit élément tubulaire (12).
4. Un dispositif tel que revendiqué dans une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
caractérisé en ce que ladite structure tubulaire (14) est dans l'ensemble concentrique
audit élément en fil (11).
5. Un dispositif tel que revendiqué dans une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
caractérisé en ce que ledit élément tubulaire (12) est formé d'un matériau en quartz.
6. Appareil de chauffage comprenant une ou plusieurs sources (5 à 8) de rayonnement
infrarouge et un dispositif thermique de limitation (10) tel que revendiqué dans une
quelconque des revendications précédentes.
7. Appareil de chauffage tel que revendiqué dans la revendication 6, caractérisé en
ce que la ou les sources précitées (5 à 8) se composent chacune d'une lampe à tungstène-halogène.
8. Une plaque de cuisson comprenant un ou plusieurs appareils de chauffage tels que
revendiqués dans les revendications 6 ou 7, ledit appareil étant monté en dessous
d'une couche d'une matière transmettant un rayonnement infrarouge et l'élément tubulaire
(12) dudit dispositif de limitation thermique (10) étant agencé de façon à absorber
principalement un rayonnement infrarouge d'une longueur d'onde indiquant la température
de ladite couche.