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(11) | EP 0 123 747 B1 |
| (12) | EUROPEAN PATENT SPECIFICATION |
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| (54) |
Inactivating selector arrangement for bolt action firearms Vorwählbare Verriegelung für Feuerwaffen mit Zylinderverschluss Sélecteur permettant de verrouiller une arme à feu à culasse cylindrique |
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| Note: Within nine months from the publication of the mention of the grant of the European patent, any person may give notice to the European Patent Office of opposition to the European patent granted. Notice of opposition shall be filed in a written reasoned statement. It shall not be deemed to have been filed until the opposition fee has been paid. (Art. 99(1) European Patent Convention). |
[0001] This invention relates to bolt action rifles, and in particular to an inactivating selector arrangement for selectively restraining movement of the sear, trigger or cocking piece or both.
[0002] The major components of a conventional bolt action firearm comprise the barrel, a receiver secured to the rear of the barrel, a cylindrical breech bolt mounted in the receiver in axial alignment-with the barrel, a firing mechanism including the trigger mounted on the receiver below the bolt, and the stock. The cylindrical breech bolt is rotatable about its longitudinal axis from its locked firing position to its unlocked extracting and loading position, the bolt being longitudinally slidable within the receiver when it is in its unlocked position.
[0003] When the bolt is rotated from its locked to its unlocked position and then is moved rearwardly, the spent cartridge is extracted from the chamber of the barrel and is ejected. When the bolt is moved forwardly from its rearwardmost position a fresh cartridge is inserted into the chamber of the barrel. When the bolt reaches its forewardmost position it is rotated about its longitudinal axis to lock the bolt and cock the firing mechanism.
[0004] Associated with the breech bolt is a spring powered cocking piece which is held by a sear in the ready-to-fire position. Operation of the trigger moves the sear to release the cocking piece. Many arrangements for preventing movement of the cocking piece, the sear or trigger to, in turn, prevent or restrain movement of the cocking piece toward the cartridge have been proposed but none have provided the features and advantages of the present invention.
[0005] U.S. Patent No. 2824402 to Fischer relates to a breech bolt and firing pin safety mechanism for firearms. In this arrangement a selector is rotatably movable to control the position of a safety pin which engages with the path of a lock shoulder on the firing pin when the firing pin is cocked. The selector has an unlock position so that the safety pin is permitted to be completely retracted from the firing pin to permit firing of the rifle. The selector also has an intermediate position so that when it is rotated the safety pin engages with the locking shoulder (10) so that the firing pin cannot be released by the trigger and the gun is considered to be in a safe condition. A third position is provided in which the firing pin safety lock is interlocked with the bolt lock action of the bolt lock button. This prevents accidental retraction of the bolt lock pin and is in fact a double lock position of the safety mechanism.
[0006] This arrangement is not concerned with selectively restraining movement of a sear and is principally concerned with the action of a safety pin on the firing pin.
[0007] According to the present invention there is provided a bolt action firearm having a barrel, a receiver, a bolt sleeve, a cocking piece, a bolt handle, and a recess in the bolt sleeve characterised in that there is provided a multi-positional selector arrangement capable of restraining movement of a trigger in a first position and restraining movement of trigger, sear and bolt handle in a second position and said selector arrangement having a third position in which neither the sear (32) nor bolt handle (14) are restrained, such arrangement in turn comprising:
a) a rotatable selector means positioned in the receiver for rotating about a vertical axis which selector means is rotatable to selected positions such selector means having
1) body means
2) cam means mounted on the body means; and
3) hand-engageable projection means
b) pivotable trigger and sear restraining means having on one end a cam follower surface which engages said cam means on the selector means and such restraining means having on the other end sear blocking means;
c) a recess in the bolt handle; and
d) a blocking plunger means positioned to be moved into the bolt recess when the selector means is moved to such second position.
[0008] The arrangement includes a rotatable selector carrying in fixed relation a selector cam and a selector handle projection, a pivotable trigger and sear blocker moved by the selector cam, and a bolt handle plunger movable by the selector projection whereby rotatable movement of the selector to a first position causes trigger and sear blocker to block movement of the trigger and movement of the selector to a second position causes the selector to continue to hold the trigger and sear in its blocking mode while the selector in addition moves bolt plunger to restrain movement of the bolt handle. In a third position the selector arrangement is passive.
[0009] It is a feature of the inactivating selector arrangement that selector projection is moved to a position in a recess in the cocking piece as the selector is placed in the second position. In this position, the selector projection will prevent any substantial foreward movement of the cocking piece.
[0010] An embodiment of the present invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Fig. 1 is a partial side elevational view of a bolt action rifle including the selector arrangement of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a partial plan view of such rifle;
Fig. 3 is sectional view along lines 3-3 of Fig 2;
Fig. 4 is a sectional view along lines 4-4 of Fig. 3 with selector projection or thumb piece shown in phantom;
Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 4 showing the selector in a position to activate trigger control lever to block the trigger and sear;
Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 4 showing the selector in a position to block the trigger, sear and cocking piece;
Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken along line 7-7 of Fig. 5; and
Fig. 8 is a fragmented plan view showing the selector in the position of Fig. 6 and further showing blocking plunger blocking the bolt handle.
[0011] Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, rifle 10 includes barrel 11, a receiver 12 secured to the rear of the barrel, a cylindrical breech bolt assembly 13 mounted in receiver 12 to the rear of and in axial alignment with barrel 11, a bolt handle 14 secured to the rearward end of the bolt assembly 13, a bolt head sleeve 16, a cocking piece 17, a receiver tang 18 and a stock 21. Rifle 10. also includes trigger 22, trigger guard 23, and a rotatable inactivating selector unit 26. Unit 26 is mounted in the receiver and rotates about a vertical axis.
[0012] Turning to Fig. 3, trigger 22 is pivoted about trigger pivot 28 with upper trigger arm 29 engaged in sear notch 31 of sear 32. Sear 32 is mounted about pivot 33 and spring 36 is interposed between trigger 22 and sear 32. The pulling of trigger 22 to rotate it clockwise about pivot 28 causes trigger arm 29 to move out of sear notch 31 permitting sear 32 to rotate clockwise about pivot 33 thus releasing cocking piece 17. Cocking piece 17 then moves forward under the force of a spring (not shown) to strike the rim of the cartridge (not shown) to fire the rifle.
[0013] With reference to Figs. 4-8, it is seen that selector unit 26 is rotatably mounted to be turned to and held in three discrete positions determined by detent 37 (see Fig. 7) located in one (1) of the three (3) detent recesses 38, 39 and 40 (Figs. 4-7). Selector unit 26 includes cylindrical body 43 carrying detent 37 in its lower portion (Fig. 7) and two slotted areas 44, 45 in the central part of the body 43 define respectively first selector cam surface 46 and second selector cam surface 47. Selector unit 26 also includes a thumb piece 41. Slot area 44 has a thickness greater than cam follower 54 to accommodate follower 54 therein (Fig. 4). Slot area 45 is less thick than slot area 44 so that in the Fig. 6 position cam follower 54 can not enter slot area 45 but instead rides on cylindrical surface 50 of selector body 43. Turning to Fig. 7, it is seen that cam follower 54 housed between frame elements 55, has a thickness greater than slot area 45.
[0014] On the other hand, cam follower 56 with less thickness than follower 54 is accommodated in slot area 45 throughout the rotational operation of selector unit 26.
[0015] Trigger control lever 51 is pivotable about pivot 53. On one end lever 51 carries upper cam follower 54 and lower cam follower 56 while on the opposite end trigger blocking finger 57 is located. Lever 51 is urged away from trigger 29 by spring 59.
[0016] Turning attention to Fig. 8, it is seen that cocking piece 17 has a blocking notch 60 in it for receiving off set thumb piece 41 when selector unit 26 is rotated to the position shown in Figs. 6 and 8. In this selector position, blocking plunger 52 is urged by selector 26 into bolt handle recess 61 to block movement of the bolt handle 14. Upon release of plunger 52 by selector 26 spring 64 withdraws plunger 52 freeing handle 14.
[0017] Summarising, selector unit 26 engages and moves trigger control lever 51 to block the trigger and it in turn the sear (see Figs. 4-6). Unit 26 also serves to restrict movement of cocking piece 17 (see Figs. 2 and 8) and actuates blocking plunger 52 to block movement of bolt handle 14 (Fig. 8).
[0018] In step-by-step operation of selector unit 26 is turned through thumb piece 41 to a passive or neutral position causing detent 37 to snap into a detent recess 38 which places cylindrical body 43 with cam surfaces 46 and 47 in such position that finger 57 of lever 51 does not block trigger 29 (see Fig. 4). The firearm can be fired in this selector mode. To restrict trigger movement and in turn sear movement, the selector unit 26 is moved to inactivating position number one where detent 37 is moved into recess 39 causing surface 46 to move cam followers 54 of lever 51 placing lever finger 57 against trigger arm 29 (see Fig. 5). In this position, trigger arm 29 is inactivated by being restrained from rotating blockwise about pivot 28 (as shown in Fig. 3). The trigger 22 cannot rotate and the sear cannot drop to fire the rifle. Alternatively, lever 51 and its finger 57 may be designed to block rotational movement of sear 32.
[0019] Finally, selector unit 26 is movable to inactivating position number two during which movement cylindrical surface 50 moves cam follower 54 to retain lever 51 in its trigger-sear-restraining position. As thumb piece 41 is moved to bring selector unit 26 to this third position thumb piece 41 bears against bevelled surface 63 causing blocking plunger 52 to move to the right into recess 61 to block rotational movement of handle 14. Spring 64 is compressed during this movement. Upon the selector reaching this third position, thumb piece 41 is in blocking notch 60 of pin striker 17 to limit forward travel of striker 17 (see Figs. 6 and 8).
[0020] It will be noted that in operation slot area 45, cam surface 47 and cam follower 56 operate to move lever 51 to the passive or neutral position of Fig. 4 while slot area 44, cam surface 46, cylindrical surface 50 and cam follower 54 operate to move lever 51 into its blocking position and hold it there when selector 26 is in positions number one and two as described above.
a) a rotatable selector means (26) positioned in the receiver (12) for rotating about a vertical axis which selector means (26) is rotatable to selected positions (38,39,40) such selector means (26) having
1) body means (43)
2) cam means (46,47) mounted on the body means (43); and
3) hand-engageable projection means (41)
b) pivotable trigger and sear restraining means (51) having on one end a cam follower surface (54) which engages said cam means (46,47) on the selector means and such restraining means (51) having on the other end sear blocking means (57);
c) a recess (61) in the bolt handle (14); and
d) a blocking plunger means-(52) positioned to be moved into the bolt recess (61) when the selector means (26) is moved to such second position.
a) eine drehbare Selektorvorrichtung (26), lokalisiert im Verschlußgehäuse (12), zwecks Drehung um eine senkrechte Achse, wobei die besagte Selektorvorrichtung (26) in die gewählten Lagen (38, 39, 40) rotierbar ist und die Selektorvorrichtung (26) aus folgendem besteht:
1. Hüllenvorrichtung (43),
2. Nockenvorrichtung (46, 47), befestigt auf der Hüllenvorrichtung (43); und
3. von Hand zu betätigende Projektionsvorrichtung (41);
b) schwenkbare Vorrichtung für die Arretierung von Abzug und Fangklinke (51), mit einer Nockenstösselfläche (54) an einem Ende, welche die besagte Fangklinkenvorrichtung (46, 47) auf die Selektorvorrichtung einrastet und wobei die besagte Arretiervorrichtung (51) am anderen Ende eine Vorrichtung für die Blockierung der Fangklinke (57) aufweist;
c) eine Aussparung (61) im Kammergriff (14), und
d) eine blockierende Stösselvorrichtung (52) so angeordnet, daß dieselbe in die Bolzenaussparung (61) hinein bewegt wird, wenn die Selektorvorrichtung in die besagte zweite Position gebracht wird (26).
a) un dispositif sélecteur rotatif (26) placé dans le récepteur (12) et destiné à tourner autour d'un axe vertical, le dispositif sélecteur (26) pouvant tourner vers des positions choisies (38, 39, 40), le dispositif sélecteur (26) ayant
1) un corps (43),
2) une came (46, 47) montée sur le corps (43), et
3) une saillie (41) qui peut être manipulée,
b) un dispositif pivotant (51) de retenue de détente et de gâchette ayant, à une première extrémité une surface (54) formant toucheau de came qui est au contact de la came (46, 47) formée sur le dispositif sélecteur et le dispositif de retenue (51) ayant, à l'autre extrémité, un dispositif de blocage (57) de gâchette,
c) une cavité (61) formée dans la poignée (14) de culasse, et
d) un plongeur de blocage (52) disposé afin qu'il soit déplacé dans la cavité (61) de la culasse lorsque le dispositif sélecteur (26) est déplacé vers sa seconde position.