[0001] The invention refers to a compaction container for domestic solid waste, the incumbered
volume of which is reduced to consistently increase the reception capacity of the
containing part of the device, thus allowing longer filling times and/or the utilization
of smaller containers. The invention starts from the presupposition that, at present,
these waste in great part consist of paper and plastic materials, such as packing
components, wrapping materials and lost containers, as well as newspapers, materials
which cause considerable encumbering, when freely collected, and small weight, while
the presence of air in the wide interspaces acts as a degradation hastener of the
organic substances contained in the refuse materials and cause bad smells. The invention,
by extracting the air interposed in the waste, avoids this inconvenience by carrying
out a compacted block consisting of inert parts that keep back the interposed organic
ones in bond condition. This compacted block, lodged in a impermeable bag, previously
fitted in the container, is then brought to discharged.
[0002] Substantially, the device consists of a cylindrical container 1 with bore 2 on the
bottom 3 and upper inlet with edge 4 and shut by a cover 5 to be firmly fitted on
the container by means of four bayonet coupling 6. On the said cover 5, a lever multiplier
is fitted, by means of which on a rack rod 7 and "n" times stronger force is applied
in comparison with the one on the levers 8. Such force is transmitted to the material
to compress by means of a piston 9 which is firmly connected, by means of the nut
10, to the lower part of the rack rod 7. The multiplier mechanism is integral with
a cylinder 11, which slides into a housing with cuts 12, fitted in the centre of cover
5 so as many are the heights from which the compression can be performed again. A
stroke gain is thus obtained which can be used until the space foreseen in the container
1 is completely filled. In the intermediate compression positions, the cylinder 11
is prevented from dehousing by a system of OR-type limit seats 13. The slip of the
cylinder 11 is checked and controlled by a reickly released rabbet 14 to check the
exceeding force, if any, which could be inadvertedly exerted on the levers 8. The
multiplier mechanism consists of two counterposed levers 8 which are intergral with
wheels, with lowered flat involute gear teeth, which transmits the movement to a double
gear teeth of the same type obtained on the rack rod 7. These levers, at the end of
which some lug bolts are fitted to catch then more easily, and the gear wheels can
rotate by approximately 210° on a pivot turning with them. This pivot is positioned
in the fixed part of the sliding cylinder 11 on which fixed part it is blocked by
means of a self-tapping screw 15 with washer 16. The complete rotation of the levers
8 lets the rack rod 7 - contained in the sliding cylinder 11 - slide downwards. With
a view to allowing an easy extraction of the material after its compression, some
tolerance is foreseen between the piston 9 and the container 1, so that a soft and
resistant plastic material bag can be inserted, the upper part of which will be kept
back by the seal 17 of the cover 5 when closing. The container 1 is also fitted with
feet 18 a facilitate the operator to keep it back on the ground. The rail 14 is kept
tightened, on counterposed approaching lug bolts, by a means with a threaded pivot
19 and nut 20 and handle 21 which, when closed, keeps in position an eccentric cam.
By bringing this handle 21 into opened position, the eccentric cam is brought outwards
and the cylinder 11 is allowed to travel. By properly calibrating the nut 20, it is
possible to rate the circling force in order to avoid breaks owing to exceeding pressure
and to allow to use the whole available space.
[0003] To use the counterposed clutches 22 with the hands, the cover 5 is disengaged on
which the compacting device is fitted and brought up to allow the container 1 to accede
and the different waste put in. This assembly is then fitted again by turning the
two levers 8, counterposed in upturning, with handle catch on them. The crossed levers
8, the rack rod 7 is activated which, by sliding downwardsn brings the piston 9 to
compress the waste. To put in more waste, the cover assembly 5 is taken out and the
pressing condition of the heap in the container 1 is restored. To draw out the waste,
the bag is closed, which was retained in opposition between the seal 17 of the cover
and the edge 4 of the container, and is extracted while the depression air enters
through the bore 2 of bottom 3.
[0004] A version of the invention is illustrated, in a merely indicative way, in the drawings
of the tables 1, 2 and 3. With reference to table 1, fig. 1 is the longitudinal section
of the operative assembly, and the piston 9 can be observed, in a hatching view, in
a lower position. Fig. 2 instead is a view from above of the device according to the
invention. Fig. 3 in table 2 is a particular of the longitudinal section showing the
compacting device fitted on the cover. Fig. 4 in table 3 is the view of the devices
carrying out the operation of the rack rod 7, while fig. 5 is the view of the disengaging
device for the cover.
[0005] Before closing the device, the invention foresees, each time, a covering surface
means on the waste heap, either in paper of plastic, to act as a fender between the
waste and the piston 9 to avoid to soil it.
1. Compaction container for domestic solid waste, characterized by the fact that it consists
of a cylindrical container (1) with bore (2) on the bottom (3) and upper inlet with
edge (4) shut by a cover (5) to firmly fit to the container by means of four bayonet
coupling (6). On the said cover (5) a lever multiplier is operating by means of which
an "n" times multiplied force in respect to the one exerted on the levers (8) is set
to a rack rod (7). This force is transmitted to the waste to compress by means of
a piston (9) which connected to the lower part of the rod (7) by a nut (10). The multiplier
mechanism is integral with a cylinder (11) which slides in a housing with cuts (12)
and in central position in the cover (5) to allow a compression at different heights.
In the intermediate compression positions, the cylinder (11) is prevented from dehousing
by a system of OR-type limit seats (13). The slip of the cylinder (11) us furthermore
checked and controlled by a quickly released rabbet (14) in order to limit the effects
of exceeding forces operating on the levers (8). The multiplier mechanism consists
of two counterposed levers (8) turning with wheels, with lowered flat involute gear
teeth which transmit the motion to a double gear teeth of the same type obtained on
the rack (7). The said levers, at the end of which some lug bolts are fitted to facilitate
setting, and the gear wheels can turn about 210° around a pivot which is turning with
them. The pivot is positioned in the stationary part of the sliding cylinder (11)
to which it is fixed with a self-tapping screw (15) with washer (16). The complete
rotation of the levers (8) lets the rack rod (7) slide downwards which is contained
in the sliding cylinder (11).
2. Compaction container for domestic waste, as per claim 1), characterized by the fact
that in order to extract more easily the bag with the compacted waste therein contained,
a bore (2) is foreseen on the bottom (3) in order to allow the depression air to get
in.
3. Compaction container for domestic waste, as per claim 1), characterized by the fact
that in order to avoid to tear the collecting bag and to allow the air contained in
the waste to get out during the compacting operation, a tolerance has been foreseen
between the piston (9) and the container (1).
4. Compaction container for domestic waste, as per claim 1), characterized by the fact
that the device is fitted with feet (18) to enable the operator to hold the device
on the ground.
5. Compaction container for domestic waste, as per claim 1), characterized by the fact
that the bail (14) is kept closed on counterposed approaching lug bolts by a means
with threaded pivot (19), a nut (20) and a handle (21) which, when closed, keeps an
excentric in position. By bringing this handle in opened position, the excentric is
fitted out of place and the cylinder (11) can slide.
6. Compaction container for domestic waste, as per claim 1), characterized by the fact
that by properly calibrating the nut (20) it is possible to ajust the circling force
and to avoid breaks due to exceeding pressure.
7. Compaction container for domestic waste, as per claim 1), characterized by the fact
that before closing the device, each time a covering surface means, either in paper
of plastic is foreseen to operate as a diaphragm between the waste and the piston
(9), thus avoiding to soil it.
