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(11) | EP 0 315 674 B1 |
| (12) | EUROPEAN PATENT SPECIFICATION |
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| (54) |
DEVICE FOR COMPRESSING REFUSE, ETC. IN A CONTAINER VORRICHTUNG ZUM VERDICHTEN VON ABFALL OD.DGL. IN EINEM BEHÄLTER DISPOSITIFT DESTINE A COMPRIMER DES DECHETS,ETC. DANS UN RECIPIENT |
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| Note: Within nine months from the publication of the mention of the grant of the European patent, any person may give notice to the European Patent Office of opposition to the European patent granted. Notice of opposition shall be filed in a written reasoned statement. It shall not be deemed to have been filed until the opposition fee has been paid. (Art. 99(1) European Patent Convention). |
[0002] Such a device is disclosed in US, A, 4,524,685, comprising a carrier arm which extends towards the bottom of an accommodating container for refuse and similar material which is to be compressed by means of a compressing roller supported by the arm. Said arm extends down through the centre of the container for a considerable distance, however, which means that refuse and similar material is able to wrap itself around said long central carrier arm, and that considerable clearance is required directly above the container in order for the arm to be capable of being accommodated in its raised position when there is a large quantity of material in the container or when it is wished to replace the container.
[0003] The principal object of the present invention is thus in the first instance to make available an arrangement of the kind indicated, which amongst other things resolves said problems simply and effectively, and which is simple with regard both to its construction and to its function and is intended to function in the absence of dangerous stresses on the constituent parts of the arrangement.
[0005] The invention is described below as two preferred illustrative embodiments, in conjunction with which reference is made to the drawings, in which:
Figs. 1-4 show a first illustrative embodiment, where
Fig. 1 shows the compressing arrangement in perspective, viewed at an angle from the front;
Fig. 2 shows the arrangement viewed from the side;
Fig. 3 shows the arrangement from above;
Fig. 4 represents a section along the line IV-IV in Fig. 3 of the arrangement;
Figs. 5-7 show a second illustrative embodiment of a compressing arrangement, where
Fig. 5 shows a section through said second compression arrangement;
Fig. 6 shows a carrier arm viewed from the side; and
Fig. 7 shows the carrier arm viewed along the length of same.
[0006] A compression arrangement 1 arranged in accordance with the present invention, which is so adapted as to disintegrate and compact material 2 of various kinds, and in particular refuse, such as cardboard, wood and plastic, deformable metal objects, fabric and household haste, etc., comprises a container 3, which preferably exhibits a material inlet opening 4 at the upper end 3A of the container and is capable of accommodating a removable bag or some other similar and easily replaceable packaging inside a material accommodating space 5. The wall of said container 3 can exhibit a number of double-articulated wall sections 3¹, 3², 3³, 3⁴, which, thanks to the articulations 6, are so arranged as to be capable of being opened progressively, in particular in conjunction with the replacement of a bag containing the material, etc., which progressive opening is particularly advantageous in restricted spaces such as rubbish chute collection rooms, etc.
[0007] Material 2, which is introduced into the internal space 5 of the container, is so arranged as to be compressed to form an easily-handled, compact mass of material by the action of a number of roller-shaped material processing devices 7 capable of being accommodated inside the container 3, which devices are capable of rotating 8 and of moving in a vertical sense 9, 10 relative to the material accommodating container 3, and are so arranged in addition as to move in a direction 11 about the centre 12 of the container.
[0008] Said material processing device 7 is supported by a carrier arm 13 extending inside the container towards the bottom 38 of the container, which carrier arm extends laterally and is displaced laterally from the centre 12 of the container.
[0009] A whirler 14 of a previously disclosed kind for causing the material processing device 7 to be driven hydraulically in a rotational sense is supported by the carrier arm 13 at its lower end 13A.
[0010] The carrier arm 13 is preferably so arranged as to be constituted by an upper upright 16 extending vertically along the wall 15 of the container, with a boom 17 extending preferably horizontally and at an angle X, preferably an angle of 90°, from the lower end 16A of the upright towards the centre 12 of the container. Said hydraulic whirler 14 is supported at the outer free end 17A of the beam.
[0011] The upper end 16B of the upright is attached by means of a mounting part 19 extending towards the outside 18 of the container, which mounting part is so arranged as to be capable of being accommodated so as to move in a slot 20 which extends through the wall 15 and in the direction of its height. A guard 21, preferably in the form of a plate attached to the carrier arm 13, is so arranged preferably as to close said slot 20 and to prevent material falling out of the container 3.
[0012] The carrier arm 13 is supported preferably by a number of guide rails 22 extending vertically on the outside 3C of the container, with which rails guide roller devices 23 executed in the form of rollers or wheels, or similar guide devices, are so arranged as to be capable of interacting for the purpose of driving the carrier arm 13 with its associated material compressing device 7 in a vertical direction upwards 9 or downwards 10 along the wall 15 of the container.
[0013] For the purpose of driving the carrier arm 13 a hydraulically driven jack 24, for example in the form of a piston and cylinder arrangement, can be so arranged as to interact between the carrier arm 13 and a frame 25 for the arrangement 1 for the purpose of causing the carrier arm 13, together with the material compressing devices 7 supported thereon, to be displaced in a vertical sense 9, 10 between the bottom 3B and the mouth 3A of the container.
[0014] A motor 26, which is supported on the frame 25, is so arranged as to supply hydraulic fluid to said jack 24 in order to produce the desired vertical movement of the carrier arm 13, etc., and in order to supply hydraulic fluid to a driving device 27 intended for the driving of the material compressing device 7 via said whirler.
[0015] The manner of driving the arrangement 1 also differs from the prior art previously referred to. The carrier arm 13 is so arranged, by means of guide devices not shown in the drawing, as to be caused to be lowered towards the bottom 3B of the container during the compression phase and, after a certain time has elapsed, as to be raised in a direction away from the bottom 3B of the container so as to permit filling with material which is to be compressed in the container 3. A pressure sensor may be provided in order to sense the pressure on the material processing device 7 as this is lowered towards the material 2, in order to be able to influence the supply of hydraulic fluid to the drive device 27 for the purpose of initiating the driving of the material processing device 7 in a rotational sense once a certain level of pressure has been reached on same.
[0016] Material processing devices 7 are also so arranged as to be stopped from rotating as they are raised in a direction away from the compressed material 2 accommodated in the container 3.
[0017] The function of the arrangement 1 described above should have emerged from the foregoing with reference to the drawings. The material 2 is disintegrated and is compacted effectively by the one or more, for example cylindrical, material processing devices 7, which are preferably equipped with disintegrating teeth 28 and are preferably capable of rotating about an axis 29, when they are caused to rotate and to move in the direction of the arrow 11 only in a single direction, at the same time as the jack 24 forces down the material processing device 7 so that a considerable force is produced. The carrier arm 13 is not, on the other hand, affected by such dangerously high stresses, thanks amongst other things to the fact that it extends together with the upright 16 in a vertical sense 9, 10, and is laterally displaced from the centre 12 of the container and accommodated in the inside 5 of the container.
[0018] Simple engagement of the drive is also permitted thanks to the hydraulic drive, which means that only hydraulic fluid lines need run between the drive source 26 and the drive device 27 in order to permit the material compressing device 7 to be driven in a rotational sense.
[0019] The variant of the compressing arrangement illustrated in Figs. 5-7 differs somewhat from the first illustrative embodiment of the invention described above and illustrated in the drawings in Figs. 1-4 primarily with regard to its carrier arm 150, which is arranged to support a compression device 107. The carrier arm 150 is composed of a sideways-facing arm 154 extending between the centre 151 of a material accommodating container of the kind referred to here, and the wall or some other internal sleeve 115, which arm is connected to a drive arrangement 152 for causing said arm 150 to rotate about the central axis 151 of the container. For this purpose an upright 153, which extends closely along the hall, etc., 115 of the container, is so arranged as to move closely along same 115 in order, amongst other things, to reduce the risk of refuse, etc., winding itself around and becoming fast on said upright 153. The upright 153, which is supported at its upper end 153A by the sideways-facing arm 154, is attached at its lower end 153B to a boom 155 extending towards the centre 151 of the container, which boom supports a hydraulic drive motor 157 intended for driving a compression roller, etc., 107, or some other material processing device supported in bearings about a rotation shaft 156. Hydraulic lines 158 for transmitting hydraulic fluid to the drive motor 157 can be accommodated internally inside said arm 150.
[0020] The arm 150, which can exhibit a support plate 160 for the compression roller 107, is in turn supported by a mounting component 119, which is connected to a descending slide 159 equipped with rollers, which slide functions as a hoist for the arm 150 and the associated compressing roller, etc., 107 upon actuation of the similar, previously described appropriate drive means. The function of the arrangement 101 in accordance with said second embodiment may be similar to the previously described and illustrated embodiment of an arrangement 1.
1. Device for compressing refuse and similar material in a container (3) by means
of a number of rotationally driven compressing rollers (7) capable of being rotated,
and moved in a vertical sense (9, 10), relative to the container (3), and supported
by a carrier arm (13) extending internally inside the container (3) towards the bottom
(3B) of the container, characterized in that the carrier arm (13) extends excentrically
to the centre (12) of the container and carries at its lower end (13A) a hydraulic
motor (14) for driving the roller(s) (7), and that the carrier arm (13) is formed
by an upright (16) extending closely along the wall (15) of the container and a boom
(17) extending at an angle (X) from the lower end (16A) of the upright towards the
centre (12) of the container.
2. Arrangement in accordance with Patent Claim 1, characterized in that a mounting part (19) situated at the upper end (16B) of the upright and extending
towards the outside (18) of the container is so arranged as to be accommodated in
such a way as to move in a slot (20) extending along the wall (15) of the container.
3. Arrangement in accordance with any of the preceding Patent Claims, characterized in that the carrier arm (13) is supported by rails (22) extending along the outside
(3C) of the container, with which rails roller guide devices (23) or similar guide
devices are capable of interacting.
4. Arrangement in accordance with Patent Claim 3, characterized in that a hydraulically powered jack (24) is so arranged as to cause the carrier
arm (13) to be displaced in a vertical direction (9, 10) between the bottom (3B) and
the mouth (3A) of the container.
5. Arrangement in accordance with any of the preceding Patent Claims, characterized in that the carrier arm (13) is so arranged by means of control devices as to be
caused to be lowered towards the bottom (3B) of the container, and after a certain
time has elapsed to be raised in a direction away from the bottom (3B) of the container.
6. Arrangement in accordance with Patent Claim 5, characterized in that there is provided a sensor to sense the pressure on the material rollers
(7) for the purpose of initiating its rotation at a certain pressure.
7. Arrangement in accordance with either of Patent Claims 5-6, characterized in that the roller (7) is so arranged as to be stopped from rotating upon being raised.
8. Arrangement in accordance with any of Patent Claims 4-7, characterized in that the carrier arm (13) is so arranged as to be actuated by a hydraulically
driven piston and cylinder arrangement (24) for the purpose of pressing down the carrier
arm towards the bottom (3B) of the container and the material (2) for compression
capable of being accommodated and present in the container (3).
9. Arrangement in accordance with any of the preceding Patent Claims, characterized in that the wall (15) of the container exhibits a number of double-articulated wall
sections (3¹-3⁴) which are so arranged as to be capable of being opened progressively,
in particular in conjunction with the replacement of a bag containing the material
or some other similar replaceable packaging capable of being accomodated in the material
accomodating space (5) of the container.
10. Arrangement in accordance with any of the preceding Patent Claims, characterized in that the upright (153) is supported at its upper end by a sideways-facing arm
(154) extending inwards towards the centre of the container, which arm is connected
to a hydraulic drive for the purpose of driving said sideways-facing arm, and in that
hydraulic lines are accommodated inside said carrier arm.
1. Vorrichtung zum Verdichten von Abfall od. dgl. in einem Behälter (3) mittels einer
Anzahl rotierend angetriebener Verdichtungswalzen (7), die drehbar und in vertikaler
Richtung (9, 10) relativ zum Behälter (3) bewegbar und von einem Tragarm (13) getragen
sind, welcher sich inwendig im Behälter (3) gegen dessen Boden (3B) erstreckt, dadurch
gekennzeichnet, dass sich der Tragarm (13) exzentrisch zur Mitte (12) des Behälters erstreckt und
an seinem unteren Ende (13A) einen die Walze(n) antreibenden Hydraulikmotor (14) trägt,
und dass der Tragarm (13) von einem sich dicht längs der Wand (15) des Behälters erstreckenden
Ständer (16) und einem Auslegerarm (17) gebildet ist, der sich in einem Winkel (X)
vom unteren Ende (16A) des Ständers zur Mitte (12) des Behälters erstreckt.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein am oberen Ende (16B) des Ständers gelegener und sich zur Aussenseite (18)
des Behälters erstreckender Befestigungsteil (19) in einem sich längs der Wand (15)
des Behälters erstreckenden Schlitz (20) bewegbar ist.
3. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Tragarm (13) von sich längs der Aussenseite (3C) des Behälters erstreckenden
Schienen (22) getragen ist, mit denen Walzenführungen (23) oder ähnlichen Führungen
zusammenwirken.
4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein hydraulisches Hebeglied (24) den Tragarm (13) in vertikaler Richtung (9,
10) zwischen dem Boden (3B) und der Mündung (3A) des Behälters bewegt.
5. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Tragarm (13) mittels Steuerglieder gegen den Boden (3B) des Behälters gesenkt
und nach einer gewissen Zeit wieder vom Behälterboden (3B) gehoben wird.
6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Messfühler den auf die Walzen (7) ausgeübten Druck abtastet, um bei einem
gewissen Druck die Walzen in Umlauf zu versetzen.
7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 5-6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Umlauf der Walzen (7) bei deren Hochheben gestoppt wird.
8. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 4-7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Tragarm (13) von einer hydraulischen Kolben-Zylindereinrichtung (24) betätigbar
ist, um gegen den Boden (3B) des Behälters (3) und auf das diesem aufliegende, zu
verdichtende Material hinuntergepresst zu werden.
9. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wand (15) des Behälters eine Anzahl doppelgelenkiger Wandabschnitte (3¹-3⁴)
aufweist, die stufenlos geöffnet werden kinnen, vorzugsweise zum Auswechseln eines
im Materialraum (5) des Behälters empfangbaren, das Material enthaltenden Sacks oder
einer ähnlichen auswechselbaren Verpackung.
10. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Ständer (153) an seinem oberen Ende von einem sich nach innen gegen die
Mitte des Behälters erstreckenden, seitwärts gerichteten Arm (154) gehalten ist, welcher
mit einem hydraulischen Antrieb in Antriebsverbindung steht, und dass hydraulische
Leitungen im Tragarm enthalten sind.
1. Appareil destiné à comprimer des déchets et des matières analogues dans un récipient
(3) à l'aide de rouleaux de compression entraînés en rotation (7) qui peuvent tourner
et qui peuvent être déplacés en direction verticale (9, 10) par rapport au récipient
(3), et supportés par un bras (13) de support qui pénètre à l'intérieur du récipient
(3) vers le fond (3B) du récipient, caractérisé en ce que le bras de support (13)
est disposé concentriquement au centre (12) du récipient et porte, à son extrémité
inférieure (13A), un moteur hydraulique (14) destiné à entraîner le ou les rouleaux
(7), et en ce que le bras de support (13) est formé par un montant (16) disposé très
près le long de la paroi (15) du récipient et une flèche (17) faisant un certain angle
(X) à partir de l'extrémité inférieure (16A) du montant vers le centre (12) du récipient.
2. Appareil selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'une partie (19) de montage
placée à l'extrémité supérieure (16B) du montant et dirigée vers l'extérieur (18)
du récipient est disposée afin qu'elle se loge de manière qu'elle puisse se déplacer
dans une fente (20) placée le long de la paroi (15) du récipient.
3. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en
ce ce que le bras de support (13) est supporté par des rails (22) disposés le long
de l'extérieur (3C) du récipient, des dispositifs (23) de guidage de rouleau ou des
dispositifs analogues de guidage pouvant coopérer avec ces rails.
4. Appareil selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'un vérin hydraulique (24)
est disposé afin qu'il provoque un déplacement du bras de support (13) en direction
verticale (9, 10) entre le fond (3B) et l'embouchure (3A) du récipient.
5. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en
ce que le bras de support (13) est destiné à être abaissé vers le fond (3B) du récipient
par des dispositifs de commande et, après l'écoulement d'un certain temps, il est
destiné à être soulevé à distance du fond (3B) du récipient.
6. Appareil selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un capteur
destiné à détecter la pression appliquée aux rouleaux (7) de traitement du matériau
afin que la rotation du rouleau soit déclenchée à une certaine pression.
7. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 et 6, caractérisé en ce que
le rouleau (7) est disposé afin qu'il cesse de tourner lorsqu'il a été soulevé.
8. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 7, caractérisé en ce que
le bras de support (13) est disposé afin qu'il soit commandé par un vérin (24) à piston
et cylindre hydraulique et que le bras de support soit repoussé vers le bas, vers
le fond (3B) du récipient et le matériau (2) qui doit être comprimé et qui peut être
logé et présent dans le récipient (3).
9. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en
ce que la paroi (15) du récipient a un certain nombre de tronçons (3¹-3⁴) de paroi
à double articulation qui peuvent être ouverts progressivement, en particulier lors
du remplacement d'un sac contenant le matériau ou d'un autre emballage remplaçable
analogue qui peut être logé dans l'espace (5) de logement des matériaux du récipient.
10. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en
ce que le montant (153) est supporté, à son extrémité supérieure, par un bras (154)
tourné latéralement et dirigé vers l'intérieur, vers le centre du récipient, ce bras
étant raccordé à un dispositif hydraulique d'entraînement du bras tourné latéralement,
et en ce que les canalisations hydrauliques sont placées à l'intérieur du bras de
support.