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(11) | EP 0 173 140 B1 |
| (12) | EUROPEAN PATENT SPECIFICATION |
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| (54) |
Offset rubber blankets Gummi-Drucktuch Blanchet pour offset à base de caoutchouc |
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| Note: Within nine months from the publication of the mention of the grant of the European patent, any person may give notice to the European Patent Office of opposition to the European patent granted. Notice of opposition shall be filed in a written reasoned statement. It shall not be deemed to have been filed until the opposition fee has been paid. (Art. 99(1) European Patent Convention). |
[0002] According to the specifications of the institution FOGRA, of Streitfeldstr. 19, 8000 Munchen 80, performing quality control tests on offset blankets, the loading of 250 N/cm on these articles should not result in a stretching exceeding 3 %, whereas their rupture strength ought to be at least 750 N/cm.
[0003] The aim of the further development of offset rubber blankets is to improve said required properties, i.e. to achieve a minimum stretching, by means of novel materials and novel technological procedures and, at the same time, to rationalize production.
[0004] Therefore there has been a need for novel offset rubber blankets which would fulfil these requirements as well as for a new, technologically advantageous and economical method for the manufacture thereof.
[0005] The carcase of a classical type offset blanket of a thickness of 1.60 to 1.95 mm is made up of two to three plies of rubber lined textile fabric. These fabrics are made of special cotton or cellulose fibres of various weft yarn and warp thread structure, which have to be tensioned already during the manufacturing process in order to ensure a minimum stretching of the article in the final phase.
[0006] It is evident from the information concerning the trends in offset rubber blankets research that the manufacturers have been suggesting various new solutions for achieving a reduced stretching of said blankets.
[0007] In German patent 20 25 547 there is described a carcase for an offset rubber blanket consisting of at least one ply of fabric on the basis of regenerated cellulose with a weft-stretch of 1.5 to 4 % and a warp-stretch of 3 to 6 %.
[0008] In the German Offenlegungsschrift 28 16 703 there is described the pre-tensioning of a carcase made of two plies of fabric, whereby a stretching of 0.2 to 1.3 % is achieved under a load of 100 to 200 N/cm.
[0009] In German patent 25 55 233 there is represented a carcase comprising steel foil, steel wire or steel net.
[0010] The above-cited German patent 20 25 547 and German Offenlegungsschrift 28 16 703 do not essentially alter the gist of the existing state of art concerning the manufacture of offset rubber blankets. The German patent 20 25 547 teaches the replacement of the fabric raw material in order to produce similar textile fabrics which are adapted to the required strength of the article, whereas the basic technology of the manufacture of offset blankets remains unaltered.
[0011] The German Offenlegungsschrift 28 16 703 introduces an additional pre-tensioning of the carcase into the existing manufacturing process, which in fact means an additional technical step in the existing manufacturing process.
[0012] German patent 25 55 233 brings an essential change in the choice of the carcase, it is, however, silent on the technical solutions permitting the performance thereof.
[0013] Although the suggested solutions for achieving the non-stretching of the carcase are interesting, there are questionable the manufacturing technology and the performance of the so produced blankets during their handling, cutting as well as mounting on the printing machine and printing.
[0014] Offset blankets disclosed in the following text and made in accordance with the present invention have not been disclosed yet as far as we know, so we presume them to be novel.
[0015] From FR-A-2 096 469 an offset rubber blanket is known said blanket being a vulcanised composite structure comprising a bottom layer, made up of textile fabric and rubber-coated on the surface adhering to the carcase, a carcase made up of a cord ply, rubber-coated on both sides, an intermediate layer made up of textile fabric, rubber-coated on both sides, and a rubber face.
[0016] Similarily, offset rubber blankets having such composite structure are known from US-A-3 418 864, CH-A-307017 and US-A-4224 370.
[0017] From DE-A-1 940 052 an offset rubber blanket is known, said blanket comprising a pre-manufactured compressed porous rubber layer in order to improve its compressibility characteristics.
[0018] In accordance with the present invention there is presented a novel offset rubber blanket with improved characteristics, as set forth in the claim. Additionally, a new process for the manufacture thereof, performed in a technically feasible, simple and economical way, is described.
[0019] The novel offset rubber blanket comprises at least one cord ply of a thickness of 0.2 to 1.6 mm, most suitably of 0.5 to 0.7 mm, coated on both sides with a rubber mixture to a thickness, which is at least equal to the diameter of one cord thread.
[0020] The cord ply comprises cord threads, rubber-coated on both sides and carrying in longitudinal direction, without cross-bonding or with a cross-bonding ensuring only a constant distance of 20 to 40 mm between the individual cord threads, without any special strength requirements.
[0021] The rubber coating of the cord ply may be performed on machines usual in rubber processing in accordance with the doubling, calendering or spraying principles or combinations thereof resp., under conditions depending on the chosen technology and the used rubber material.
[0022] According to the technique of rubber coating on a four-roll calender, the rubber coating of the cord ply is performed with a dough on the basis of the NBR-elastomer at a temperature of 337 K to 373 K and at rates of 10 m/min to 20 m/min.
[0023] Each cord thread is made up of one or more intertwisted primary filaments, pre-formed from single filaments.
[0024] The advantage of cord threads in comparison with textile fabrics consists in the achievement of a minor stretching at relatively high strengths, which is especially attained by means of a lower degree of twist in the single and primary filaments resp.
[0025] The cross-bonding of cord threads is only needed when the machines for the rubber coating of the cord ply are not equipped with means for the guiding and tensioning of each single cord thread. As cord plies there may be used materials which will impart the required properties to the carcase in the offset rubber blanket and they comprise cords suitably twisted from filaments such as e.g. rayon cord, glass fibre cord, aramide fibre (KevlarR) cord, steel cord and the like.
[0026] The breaking strengths of single cord threads of a diameter of 0.5 mm are within the range of 100 N/thread (for glass cord) to 400 N/thread and even more (for steel cord and aramide (Kevlar resp.).
[0027] The rubber materials should correspond to the required characteristics of the final product with respect to the resistance against chemicals and the bonding of the components.
[0028] To the action of chemicals and printing inks and solvents, there is expecially exposed the face of the blanket, the so-called rubber finish, which transfers the ink from the printing form to the stock, e.g. paper.
[0029] During the printing, the offset rubber blanket is also subjected to compressive stresses, consequently, the intermediate rubber layers and the carcase materials should possess a high elasticity and strength.
[0030] In order to further improve the compressibility characteristics of the present blankets as required for special uses, one or both sides preferably the face rubber, is coated with rubber dough, which , after the performed vulcanization, yields a cell (porous) structure of the vulcanisate.
[0031] In practice this might be performed if e.g. into the rubber dough used for the rubber-coating of the chosen surface of the cord ply, there are introduced 1 to 5 % of a blowing up agent, e.g. azodicarbone amide, which, during the vulcanization process, is decomposed to gaseous products as nitrogen, which impart a porous cell structure to the vulcanizate.
[0032] Without any substantial modification or additional costs, thus can be obtained offset rubber blankets with highly improved compressibility characteristics, which is a particular advantage with respect to hitherto known classical methods.
[0033] The present inventive offset rubber blanket is represented in cross-section in the enclosed drawing, wherein there represent:
1 - the bottom layer consisting of textile fabric, rubber-coated on the surface adhering to the carcase,
2 - the carcase comprising a cord ply, rubber-coated on both sides,
3 - the intermediate layer consisting of textile fabric, rubber-coated on both sides,
4 - the face of the blanket,
5 - the porous (cell) vulcanized rubber layer.
- a bottom layer (1), made up of textile fabric and rubber-coated on the surface adhering to the carcasse,
- a carcasse (2) consisting of at least one cord ply of a thickness of 0.2 to 1.6 mm, which is coated on both sides with rubber dough at a thickness, which is at least equal to the thickness of one cord thread upon vulcanization, the rubber dough forming a porous structure (5) on one or both sides of the cord ply upon vulcanization,
- an intermediate layer (3), made up of textile fabric, rubber-coated on both sides,
- a rubber face (4).
- une couche inférieure (1) formée d'une étoffe textile et revêtue de caoutchouc sur la surface adhérant à la carcasse,
- une carcasse (2) constituée d'au moins une nappe câblée d'une épaisseur de 0,2 à 1,6 mm, dont les deux faces sont revêtues d'une pâte de caoutchouc à une épaisseur qui est au moins égale à l'épaisseur d'un fil câblé lors de la vulcanisation, la pâte de caoutchouc formant une structure poreuse (5) sur l'une des faces ou les deux faces de la nappe câblée après vulcanisation,
- une couche intermédiaire (3) formée d'une étoffe textile dont les deux faces sont revêtues de caoutchouc,
- une face (4) de caoutchouc.
- eine Grundschicht (1), die aus einem textilen Flächengebilde besteht und auf der Oberfläche mit Gummi beschichtet ist, die am Gerüst haftet,
- ein Gerüst (2), das aus zumindest einer Kordlage mit einer Dicke von 0,2 bis 1,6 mm besteht, die auf beiden Seiten mit einer Gummimasse einer Dicke beschichtet ist, die mindestens der Dicke eines Kordfadens beim Vulkanisieren gleicht, wobei die Gummimasse bei der Vulkanisierung auf einer oder beiden Seiten der Kordlage eine poröse Struktur (5) bildet,
- eine Zwischenschicht (3) aus einem textilen Flächengebilde, das auf beiden Seiten mit Gummi beschichtet ist,
- eine Gummiaußenfläche (4).