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(11) | EP 0 613 163 B1 |
| (12) | EUROPEAN PATENT SPECIFICATION |
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| (54) |
Electromagnetic relay Elektromagnetisches Relais Relais électromagnétique |
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| Note: Within nine months from the publication of the mention of the grant of the European patent, any person may give notice to the European Patent Office of opposition to the European patent granted. Notice of opposition shall be filed in a written reasoned statement. It shall not be deemed to have been filed until the opposition fee has been paid. (Art. 99(1) European Patent Convention). |
[0001] This invention relates to an electromagnetic relay. More specifically, it concerns a miniature electromagnetic relay commonly know as a chip relay, ie integrated into a DIL or DIP package.
[0002] An example of an electromagnetic relay according to the preamble of claim 1 is disclosed in EP-A- 0 239 199.
[0003] A further example of an existing miniature electromagnetic relay is shown in Fig. 19. This relay consists of a box-shaped base 2, an electromagnetic block 4, a movable block 6, and a box-shaped case 7. Base 2 has a number of terminals molded onto it: common terminal 1a, fixed contact terminals 1b, and coil terminals 1c. Permanent magnet 3b is held in place by U-shaped iron core 3a. Coil 3d is wound around molded bobbin 3c, and the ends of the coil are tied and welded to studs 3f on lug terminal strips 3e. The bobbin is then mounted onto the base. Electromagnetic block 4 is formed as an integral unit by welding the lug terminal strips 3e to connection points 1d on coil terminals 1c located on the bottom of box-shaped base 2. (The connection point on the front of the base is note shown.)
Electromagnetic block 4 is joined with support member 5c which supports movable contactors 5b at their centers. The movable contactors are disposed lengthwise along either side of movable armature 5a. Movable block 6 is formed as an integral unit by welding connectors 5d, which are formed as extensions from the centers of movable contactors 5b, to connection points le on common terminal la. Box-shaped case 7 has dimensions such that it can engage with the box-shaped base 2. The electromagnetic relay described above has a number of disadvantages.
[0004] In the electromagnetic relay described above, connectors 5d on movable block 6 are welded to connection points 1e. The welding process has been considered essential. Since working space must be provided in and around the welding points, it is difficult to reduce the size of the device.
[0005] If the relay is to be made smaller, the welding points must be made smaller, which makes the task of welding significantly more difficult, and reduces production efficiency.
[0006] Another disadvantage of the electromagnetic relay described above is that because impurities such as carbon are generated during the welding process, a defective contact may occur. Also, variations in the welding process may lead to aberrations in the operating characteristics.
[0007] Further, since the relay described above has four independent structural components, it requires a large number of components and a large number of assembly processes. This makes it more difficult to manage the production process, and has an adverse effect on the precision with which the components are assembled.
[0008] In light of the problems discussed above, the electromagnetic relay of this invention was designed to provide a relay which would not require a welding process in its assembly, and which need not use a large number of components.
[0009] In one aspect, this invention provides an electromagnetic relay in which contacts are made and broken my means of the movement of an armature supported by a rotating shaft. The movement of the armature results from the magnetization and demagnetization of an electromagnetic block.
[0010] In the relay of this invention, one end of the connecting piece which forms the rotating shaft is positioned on at least one side of the movable armature, while the other end is formed to be integral with the base; and the connecting piece is bent to support the movable armature pivotally on the base.
[0011] The movable armature and the movable contactors, which are positioned lengthwise along either side of the movable armature, are formed to be integral with their support member, which is molded. At least one of the movable contact terminals, which are the connecting pieces that extend from the movable contactors, is molded to the base. The connecting pieces, which are on the bases of the movable contact terminals, are bent to form a rotating shaft. Because the movable armature is supported by the base so that it is free to move, the movable contacts of the movable contactors can make and break contact with fixed contacts furnished on the base.
[0012] The movable armature and the movable contactors, which are positioned lengthwise along either side of the movable armature, are formed to be integral with their support member, which is molded. Base sections, which can be roughly L-shaped when viewed in cross section, are molded onto each of the movable contact terminals, which are the connecting pieces that extend from the movable contactors. The connecting pieces, which are located on the bases of the movable contact terminals, are bent to form a rotating shaft. The front ends of the base sections protrude toward each other to form the base.
[0013] The movable armature and the movable contactors, which are positioned lengthwise along either side of the movable armature, are formed to be integral with their support member, which is molded. The movable connector terminals, which are the connecting pieces that extend from the movable contactors, are molded to the base. The connecting pieces, which are on the bases of the movable contact terminals, are bent to form a rotating shaft. The other movable shaft, which protrudes from the other side of the movable armature, may be held in position and pivotally supported by a case which fits onto the base.
[0014] The invention has the advantage that it eliminates the necessity of a welding process and reduces the number of components.
[0015] The electromagnetic relay of this invention has a movable armature which is integrally molded with a base through its connecting pieces. This design eliminates the need for a welding process. At the same time, it dispenses with the need for working space in and around the welding site which is required in previous relays. This allows the device to be further miniaturized, while preventing the significant drop in production efficiency which resulted from previous designs.
[0016] Since this design does not require a welding process, no carbon or other impurities are generated, and contact defects are unlikely to occur. The relay does not suffer from aberrations in its operating characteristics due to welding variation.
[0017] Another advantage of the electromagnetic relay of this invention is that the number of components is reduced. This, in turn, reduces the number of production steps, which makes production easier to manage and improves the precision with which the components can be assembled.
[0018] Additionally, since in one preferred embodiment, movable contactors and other components are formed from a single lead frame, the advantage that management of the production process is simplified is provided.
[0019] In the Drawings;
Fig. 1 is an oblique view of the electromagnetic relay of the first embodiment of this invention;
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view from the top face of the electromagnetic relay of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view from the front face of the electromagnetic relay of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is a cross-section taken along lines IV-IV shown in Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is an exploded oblique view of the electromagnetic relay of Fig. 1;
Fig. 6 is an oblique view of the base of the electromagnetic relay of Fig. 1 before the contact mechanisms have been molded on;
Fig. 7 is a plan view of the base of the electromagnetic relay of Fig. 1 before the contact mechanisms have been molded on;
Fig. 8 is a lateral view of the base of the electromagnetic relay of Fig. 1 before the contact mechanisms have been molded on;
Fig. 9 is a cross-section taken along line IX-IX shown in Fig. 7;
Fig. 10 is a cross-section taken along line X-X shown in Fig. 7;
Fig. 11 is a front view of the base of the electromagnetic relay of Fig. 1 before the contact mechanisms have been molded on;
Fig. 12 is an oblique view of the electromagnetic block in the electromagnetic relay of Fig. 1;
Fig. 13 is an oblique view of the electromagnetic case of the electromagnetic relay of Fig. 1;
Fig. 14 is a view of the undersurface of the electromagnetic case on the electromagnetic relay of Fig. 1;
Fig. 15 is a cross-section of the front portion of the electromagnetic case on the electromagnetic relay of Fig. 1;
Fig. 16 is a cross-section of the lateral portion of the electromagnetic case on the electromagnetic relay of Fig. 1;
Fig. 17 is an oblique view of the base of the electromagnetic relay of a second embodiment of this invention before the contact mechanisms have been molded on;
Fig. 18 is an oblique view of the base of the electromagnetic relay of Fig. 17 before the contact mechanisms have been molded on; and
Fig. 19 is an exploded oblique view of an existing electromagnetic relay.
[0020] We shall next explain some embodiments of this invention with reference to the appended drawings, Figs. 1 through 18.
[0021] The first embodiment of an electromagnetic relay of this invention comprises a base 20, which has the mechanisms for making and breaking contact built into it (to be described in more detail below), and an electromagnetic case 40, as shown in Figs. 1 through 16.
[0022] Fig. 1 provides an electromagnetic relay of this invention, according to a first embodiment, including case 40; base 20 having fixed contact terminals 15, 16, sidewalls 28, movable contact terminal 14 having connecting piece 14a, and coil terminal 35; and movable armature 11 having two ends 11a, 11b, columnar shaft 11c, movable contactors 12, and support member 13 (not shown) having opening 13a.
[0023] Figs. 6 through 11 show in more detail the invention as depicted in Figs. 1-5. As shown these Figs., base 20 of an electromagnetic relay of the invention comprises movable armature 11; movable contactors 12, which are comprised of lead frames positioned lengthwise along either side of the armature; and roughly J-shaped movable contact terminals 14, which are formed to be integral with central support member 13 by outsert molding. Contact terminals 14 extend outward from the center of the movable contactors 12, and form the connecting pieces which protrude from the ends of the central support member 13. Armature 11, contactors 12, and terminals 14 are all molded onto base sections 21, 22. At either end of each of the movable contactors 12 are twin contacts 12a, 12b.
[0024] The central support member 13 has an opening 13a on one side of its midsection, through which is exposed columnar shaft 11c. The columnar shaft 11c is the rotational fulcrum of the armature 11. (Fig. 5)
[0025] The base sections 21, 22 are molded so that they appear roughly L-shaped in cross section. The front ends of the base sections protrude toward each other to form base 20. Fixed contacts 15a, 16a are visible on fixed contact terminals 15 and 16, which are molded on the upper surface of benches 23, 24, on the corners of sidewalls 28.
[0026] Connecting pieces 14a, which are on the base of movable contact terminal 14, are bent to form a rotating shaft. Because the front ends of base sections 21, 22 protrude toward each other to form base 20, movable contacts 12a, 12b are positioned so that they can contact or draw away from fixed contacts 15a, 16a, respectively. Fixed contact terminals 15, 16, which protrude outward from sidewalls 28 on base sections 21, 22, are bent downward onto the bottoms of the base sections.
[0027] Thus, the relay has a "leadless" design. The bending of the terminals completes base 20, which now includes the mechanism for making and breaking contact.
[0028] In this embodiment, movable contactors 12 and other components are formed from a single lead frame. This innovation simplifies management of the production process.
[0029] When base sections 21, 22 protrude toward each other, a sealing groove 27 (See Fig. 4) is formed between end portion 26 on base section 22 and end portion 25 on section 21. The sidewalls 28 now face each other.
[0030] Electromagnetic case 40 is formed by secondary molding of electromagnetic block 30, as shown in Figs. 12 through 16.
[0031] In the electromagnetic block 30, permanent magnet 32 is positioned in the center of U-shaped iron core 31 and molded to bobbin 33. Coil 34 is wound around the center of the bobbin 33, and the ends of the coil are tied and welded to studs 35a on coil terminals 35, which protrude from the side of shelves 33a on bobbin 33. End 31a of iron core 31 is bent outward. The contacting surface area of end 31a of the iron core 31 is larger than that of the opposite end 31b.
[0032] The electromagnetic block 30 is molded in electromagnetic case 40 so that ends 31a, 31b of iron core 31 and the end surfaces of permanent magnet 32 are exposed within block 30. The coil 34 is wound around the block.
[0033] The sides of the electromagnetic case 40 are cut away except for the central portions 41 of the sidewalls. On each of the opposing faces of the central portions 41 is a guide slot 41a, which engages with and guides each of the connecting pieces 14a, which are the bent portions of movable contact terminals 14. On the ceiling of the electromagnetic case 40, at the lower end of the guide slots 41a, are two teeth 42, which contact with the connecting pieces 14a and control their position, and two ribs 43, which engage with the insides of sidewalls 28 on base 20 and prevent the sealant from flowing into the case. Two depressions 44 on the ceiling of case 40 prevent central support member 13 of rotating armature 11 from contacting the ceiling of the case.
[0034] When electromagnetic case 40 is fit onto the base 20, connecting pieces 14a, which are the bent portions of movable contact terminals 14, engage in and are positioned by guide slots 41a on central portions 41 of the sidewalls. Guide teeth 42 press against connecting pieces 14a to prevent them from rattling. Columnar shaft 11c of movable armature 11 is adhered magnetically to the exposed portion of the surface of permanent magnet 32 and pivotally supported thereby. Ends 11a, 11b of armature 11 oppose ends 31a, 31b on iron core 31 so that the ends 11a, 11b alternately contact with and draw away from the ends 31a, 31b of the iron core 31.
[0035] Coil terminals 35 are bent, and electromagnetic case 40 is fit onto base 20 to form an integral unit. Sealant 50 is poured into the compartments formed by ribs 43 on case 40 and sidewalls 28 on base 20 and into sealing groove 27 on the bottom of base 20. When the sealant hardens (Fig. 4), the assembly process is complete.
[0036] It would also be possible to create an electromagnetic case 40 by installing a discrete electromagnetic block 30 in a previously molded case.
[0038] The contacting surface area of end 31a of iron core 31 is larger than that of the opposite end 31b of the iron core 31 so that in the absence of an exciting current, the two sides are magnetically unbalanced. Thus, end 11a of movable armature 11 is adhered to end 31a of iron core 31 by the magnetic force of permanent magnet 32, and movable contacts 12b on contactors 12 are held in contact with fixed contacts 16a.
[0039] When voltage is applied to coil 34 on electromagnetic block 30 to generate magnetic force opposite that of the permanent magnet 32, movable armature 11 rotates in the direction opposite the magnetic force of magnet 32. Movable contacts 12b are drawn away from fixed contacts 16a, and movable contacts 12a are brought into contact with fixed contacts 15a. The opposite end 11b of armature 11 is adhered to the opposite end 31b of iron core 31.
[0040] When the exciting current is withdrawn from coil 34, the magnetic force of permanent magnet 32 causes armature 11 to rotate in the opposite direction, and it returns to its previous state.
[0041] A second preferred embodiment of this invention is shown in Figs. 17 and 18. Similar elements are identified with the same numbers used in the description of other figures.
[0042] In the first embodiment, movable contactors 12 are provided on both sides of armature 11. In the second embodiment, there is a movable contactor 12 on only one side of armature 11. A J-shaped movable contact terminal 14, which extends from movable contactor 12, is molded to base 20, which has a U-shaped cross section.
[0043] In this second embodiment, connecting piece 14a, which is located on the base of the movable contact terminal 14, is bent to form a rotating shaft. Rotating shaft 13b, which protrudes from an end of central support member 13, engages into niche 29a on sidewall 29 of base 20. Thus, movable contacts 12a, 12b on contactor 12 can contact with and draw away from fixed contacts 15a, 16a.
[0044] In the second embodiment, base 20 is assembled by bending connecting piece 14a on movable contact terminal 14. This greatly simplifies assembly of the relay. The rotating shaft 13b engages with base 20 to prevent it from rattling. This design offers the advantage of preventing plastic deformation of connecting piece 14a, which serves as the rotating shaft.
[0045] In another preferred embodiment, it would also be possible to have movable contactors 12 arrayed on either side of armature 11.
[0046] In both of the embodiments discussed above, movable contactors 12 were integrally formed with armature 11. However, the invention is not limited to this design. Movable contactors 12 could be furnished directly on base 20 with only armature 11 pivotally supported. In this case, the movable contactors 12 would be depressed by armature 11 to make and break the contacts.
[0047] Although the invention has been described above by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be noted that various changes and modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Thus, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. Therefore, unless such changes and modifications otherwise depart from the scope of the present invention, they should be construed as being included therein.
a) an electromagnetic block (30); and
b) a contact block,
comprising(i) a base (20) carrying a plurality of fixed contact terminals (15, 16), said fixed contact terminals having fixed contacts (15a, 16a) disposed thereon,
(ii) a movable armature (11) having two sides,
(iii)a support member (13),
(iv) a plurality of movable contactors (12) disposed lengthwise on at least one of said two sides of said movable armature (11) and having movable contacts (12a, 12b) disposed thereon, said movable armature (11) and said movable contactors (12) being formed integrally with said support member (13), and
(v) a plurality of movable contact terminals (14), at least one of which has a connecting piece (14a) extending from a respective one of said movable contactors (12) to said base (20), said connecting piece (14a) being bent to form a rotating shaft for supporting said movable armature (11),
wherein contacts between said movable contacts (12a, 12b) and said fixed contacts (15a, 16a) are made and broken by the movement of said movable armature (11) in accordance with the magnetization and demagnetization of said electromagnetic block (30),characterised by said connecting piece (14a) of said at least one movable contact terminal (14) being molded onto said base (20).
each of said plurality of movable contact terminals (14) has a connecting piece (14a) disposed thereon, said connecting pieces (14a) extending from a respective one of said movable contactors (12) to said base (20) and being bent to form a rotating shaft for supporting said movable armature (11).
molding a support member (13);
positioning a movable contactor (12) lengthwise along at least one of two sides of a movable armature (11);
integrally forming said movable armature (11) and said movable contactor (12) with said support member (13);
providing movable contact terminals (14), on said movable contactor, at least one of said movable contact terminals (14) having a connecting piece (14a) which is bent to form a rotating shaft for supporting the armature (11);
characterised in that the method further comprises the step of molding the connecting piece (14a) of said at least one movable contact terminal (14) to a base (20) having a plurality of fixed contact terminals thereon.a) einem elektromagnetischen Block (30); und
b) einem Kontaktblock,
umfassend(i) eine Basis (20), die eine Vielzahl feststehender Kontaktanschlüsse (15,16) trägt, wobei auf den feststehenden Kontaktanschlüssen feststehende Kontakte (15a,16a) angeordnet sind,
(ii) einen bewegliche Anker (11) mit zwei Seiten,
(iii) ein Stützelement (13),
(iv) eine Vielzahl beweglicher Kontaktierungselemente (12), die in Längsrichtung auf zumindest einer der beiden Seiten des beweglichen Ankers (11) angeordnet sind und auf denen bewegiiche Kontakte (12a,12b) angeordnet sind, wobei der bewegliche Anker (11) und die beweglichen Kontaktierungselemente (12) mit dem Stützelement (13) einstückig ausgebildet sind, sowie
(v) eine Vielzahl beweglicher Kontaktanschlüsse (14) von denen zumindest einer ein Verbindungsstück (14a) aufweist, das sich von einem jeweiligen der beweglichen Kontaktierungselemente (12) zur Basis (20) erstreckt, wobei das Verbindungsstück (14a) so gebogen ist, daß es eine Rotationswelle zum Tragen des beweglichen Ankers (11) bildet,
wobei Kontakte zwischen den beweglichen Kontakten (12a, 12b) und den feststehenden Kontakten (15a,16b) durch die Bewegung des beweglichen Ankers (11) in Übereinstimmung mit der Magnetisierung und Entmagnetisierung des elektromagnetischen Blocks (30) hergestellt und unterbrochen werden,dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verbindungsstück (14a) des zumindest einen beweglichen Kontaktanschlusses (14) auf der Basis (20) angeformt ist.
auf jedem der Vielzahl beweglicher Kontaktanschlüsse (14) ein Verbindungsstück (14a) angeordnet ist, wobei sich die Verbindungsstücke (14a) von einem jeweiligen der beweglichen Kontaktierungselemente (12) zur Basis (20) erstrecken und so gebogen sind, daß sie eine Rotationswelle zum Tragen des beweglichen Ankers (11) bilden.
das Formen eines Stützelements (13);
das Anordnen eines beweglichen Kontaktierungselements (12) in Längsrichtung entlang zumindest einer von zwei Seiten eines beweglichen Ankers (11);
das einstückige Ausbilden des beweglichen Ankers (11) und des beweglichen Kontaktierungselements (12) mit dem Stützelement (13),
das Vorsehen beweglicher Kontaktanschlüsse (14) auf dem beweglichen Kontaktierungselement, wobei zumindest einer der beweglichen Kontaktanschlüsse (14) ein Verbindungsstück (14a) aufweist, das so gebogen ist, daß es eine Rotationswelle zum Tragen des Ankers (11) bildet;
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verfahren weiters den Schritt des Anformens des Verbindungsstücks (14a) des zumindest einen beweglichen Kontaktanschlusses (14) an einer Basis (20) mit einer Vielzahl feststehender Kontaktanschlüsse darauf umfaßt.a) un bloc électromagnétique (30); et
b) un bloc de contacts,
comprenant(i) une base (20) supportant un certain nombre de bornes de contact fixes (15, 16), lesdites bornes de contact fixes ayant des contacts fixes (15a, 16a) disposés sur celles-ci,
(ii) une armature mobile (11) ayant deux côtés,
(iii) un élément de support (13),
(iv) un certain nombre de contacteurs mobiles (12) disposés en longueur sur au moins l'un desdits deux côtés de ladite armature mobile (11) et ayant des contacts mobiles (12a, 12b) disposés sur ceux-ci, ladite armature mobile (11) et lesdits contacteurs mobiles (12) étant formés intégralement avec ledit élément de support (13), et
(v) un certain nombre de bornes de contact mobiles (14), dont au moins l'un a une pièce de connexion (14a) s'étendant à partir de l'un respectifs desdits contacteurs mobiles (12) à ladite base (20), ladite pièce de connexion (14a) étant pliée pour former un arbre rotatif pour supporter ladite armature mobile (11),
où des contacts entre lesdits contacts mobiles (12a, 12b) et lesdits contacts fixes (15a, 16a) sont réalisés et coupés par ie mouvement de ladite armature mobile (11) selon la magnétisation et la démagnétisation dudit bloc électromagnétique (30),caractérisé par ladite pièce de connexion (14a) de ladite au moins une borne de contact mobile (14) étant moulée sur ladite base (20).
chacune de ladite pluralité de bornes de contact mobiles (14) a une pièce de connexion (14a) disposée sur celle-ci, lesdites pièces de connexion (14a) s'étendant à partir de l'un respectif des contacteurs mobiles précités (12) à la base précitée (20) et étant pliées pour former un arbre rotatif pour supporter l'armature mobile précitée (11).
mouler un élément de support (13);
positionner un contacteur mobile (12) en longueur le long d'au moins l'un des deux côtés d'une armature mobile (11);
intégralement former ladite armature mobile (11) et ledit contacteur mobile (12) avec l'élément de support précité (13);
réaliser des bornes de contact mobiles (14), sur ledit contacteur mobile, au moins l'une desdites bornes de contact mobiles (14) ayant une pièce de connexion (14a) qui est pliée pour former un arbre rotatif pour supporter l'armature (11);
caractérisé en ce que le procédé comprend en outre l'étape de mouler la pièce de connexion (14a) de ladite au moins une borne de contact mobile (14) à une base (20) ayant un certain nombre de bornes de contact fixes sur celles-ci.