[0001] The invention relates to a press, more particularly for cutting and moulding miniature
components, with a reciprocating die.
[0002] On account of the large moving masses, conventional mechanical presses are unsuitable
for the precision processing of small parts in the electronics field or are very expensive
to manufacture.
[0003] It is the object of the invention to provide a small and compact press which can
be economically manufactured. In particular, precision processing in the micrometer
range is to be possible.
[0004] This object is attained in a press, more particularly for cutting and moulding miniature
components, with a reciprocating die in that the drive of the die is effected by at
least one piezoactor and in that a more particularly hydraulic transmission device
is arranged between the piezoactor and the die. The piezoactor offers the advantage
that it has practically no moving mass as compared with a mechanical drive. Consequently,
it is possible to attain very high velocities and accelerations using the press according
to the invention. Using conventional presses, it is possible to manufacture approximately
2000 parts per unit of time. Using the press according to the invention, markedly
increased frequencies and therefore quantities can be realised. In addition, the use
of the piezoactor allows for the representation of any chosen force/displacement profile.
In contrast, it is only possible to represent a sinusoidal force/displacement profile
using conventional mechanical presses with crank drives.
[0005] Whilst it is possible using the piezoactor to realise relatively large forces, it
is only possible to realise relative small displacement distances. The transmission
device is used in order to allow for larger displacement distances of the die. The
transmission device is preferably a hydraulic transmission device, since mechanical
transmissions usually have a clearance which is too great for precision processing
in the micrometer range.
[0006] A particular embodiment of the invention is characterised in that the transmission
device comprises a double-action transmission piston, which is arranged between the
piezoactor and the die. In the double-action principle, both the forward and the backward
movement (pressure and traction) of the piezoactor is transmitted to the transmission
piston. This offers the advantage that no restoring device is required for the transmission
piston.
[0007] A further particular embodiment of the invention is characterised in that the die
is accommodated with clearance in a first coupling half, which is prestressed with
a second coupling half. In this manner, a so-called floating die guidance is realised.
The coupling serves to compensate any possible displacement which may occur during
the assembly of the press according to the invention. This offers the advantage that
larger tolerances can be allowed in the case of the tool, which has a favourable effect
on manufacturing costs.
[0008] A further particular embodiment of the invention is characterised in that a plurality
of piezoactors actuated in parallel, more particular in modular form, is coupled with
the transmission device. This offers the advantage that it is also possible to realise
large displacement distances using the press according to the invention. Furthermore,
the modular construction of the press allows for rapid adaptation of the press to
different product settings.
[0009] A further particular embodiment of the invention is characterised in that a force
sensor is connected to the piezoactor, which force sensor is connected to a control,
which is connected to the voltage supply of the piezoactor. Using the force sensor,
it is possible to continuously measure the force required for the processing operation.
If the force increases during operation, this may mean that the tool is worn and needs
to be replaced. Using the press according to the invention, it is possible to monitor
tool wear. In this manner, undesirable die breakage can be prevented. Furthermore,
it is possible using the press according to the invention to vary the die force in
a controlled manner via the voltage supply of the piezoactor. It is therefore possible
to intervene in a controlled manner in the pressing procedure. It is thereby possible,
for example, to process different materials or material thicknesses using the same
tool.
[0010] A further particular embodiment of the invention is characterised in that a motion
pickup is connected to the die, which motion pickup is connected to a control, which
is connected to the voltage supply of the piezoactor. Using the motion pickup, it
is possible on the one hand to monitor the movement of the transmission piston or
the die. On the other hand, it is possible to intervene in a controlled manner in
the pressing procedure via the control and the voltage supply of the piezoactor.
[0011] A further particular embodiment of the invention is characterised in that the control
and the voltage supply of the piezoactor are connected to a function generator. As
a result of the function generator, it is possible to influence the voltage supply
of the piezoactor in a controlled manner. Consequently, it is possible to preset any
chosen force/displacement profile.
[0012] Further advantages, features and details of the invention will be clear from the
following description, in which an embodiment of the invention is described in detail
with reference to the drawings. In this respect, the features mentioned in the claims
and the description can be fundamental to the invention either individually or in
any chosen combination. In the drawings:
- Figure 1
- is a section through a press according to the invention; and
- Figure 2
- is a block diagram for the control of a press according to the invention.
[0013] The press shown in section in Figure 1 comprises a base plate 1. Fitted to the base
plate 1 is a plurality of columns 2, 3. The columns 2, 3 are used for securing a displaceable
tool receiving plate 4.
[0014] Arranged on the tool receiving plate 4 is a pressure plate 5. A tool unit 6 is disposed
on the pressure plate 5. The tool unit 6 is formed by a lower tool half 7 and an upper
tool half 8. A die 9 is axially displaceably guided in the upper tool half 8.
[0015] The end of the die 9 remote from the lower tool half 7 is accommodated with clearance
in a lower coupling half 10. The lower coupling half 10 cooperates with an upper coupling
half 11, in order to couple the die 9 with a push rod 12. The push rod 12 is displaceably
guided in a base plate 13 and projects with its end remote from the die 9 into a hydraulic
transmission device 14. The base plate 13 belongs to the hydraulic transmission device
14 and is supported by the columns 2, 3.
[0016] The hydraulic transmission device 14 is used to transmit the movement of two piezoactors
18, 19 via two transmission pistons 20, 21 and a suitable hydraulic fluid to the push
rod 12. The transmission pistons 20, 21 are constructed in three parts in order to
allow for the securing of sealing rings in their centre. The pistons 20 and 21 are
accommodated in cylinder chambers 26, 27 in a housing base element 22 so as to reciprocate
and are coupled with the piezoactors 18, 19. A hydraulic fluid duct 23 provides a
connection between the end face of the pistons 20, 21 remote from the piezoactors
and the push rod 12. Constructed on the push rod 12 is a first collar 24, which is
acted upon by the hydraulic pressure on the side remote from the tool. In addition,
a second collar 25 is constructed on the push rod 12. On the side remote from the
first collar 24, the second collar 25 communicates via ducts 28, 29 with the end faces
of the pistons 20, 21 facing the piezoactors. Hydraulic fluid is disposed in the cylinder
chambers 26, 27.
[0017] In Figure 1, the piezoactors 18 and 19 are in their displaced state. The transmission
pistons 20 and 21 have moved towards one another. Consequently, the push rod 12 and
the die 9 have been moved towards the pressure plate 5.
[0018] When the piezoactors 18, 19 move away from one another, this also results in the
transmission pistons 20, 21 moving away from one another. Consequently, the hydraulic
fluid disposed on the side of the pistons 20, 21 remote from the piezoactors is displaced.
This displacement is transmitted via the ducts 28, 29 to the second collar 25 of the
push rod 12. In this manner, the push rod 12 is moved back into its starting position.
[0019] The block diagram illustrated in Figure 2 shows how the press illustrated in Figure
1 is controlled during operation. On the one hand, the displacement movement of the
die 9 is recorded with the aid of a motion pickup. In addition, the piezoactors 18,
19, which are also referred to as piezo operators, are equipped with force sensors.
The motion pickup and the force sensors supply their measurement values to a control,
which communicates with a function generator and the voltage supply of the piezo operators.
1. A press, more particularly for cutting and moulding miniature components, with a reciprocating
die (9), characterised in that the drive of the die (9) is effected by means of at
least one piezoactor (18, 19), and a more particularly hydraulic transmission device
(14) is arranged between the piezoactor (18, 19) and the die (9).
2. A press according to claim 1, characterised in that the transmission device (14) comprises
a double-action transmission piston (20, 21), which is arranged between the piezoactor
(18, 19) and the die (9).
3. A press according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the die (9)
is accommodated with clearance in a first coupling half (10), which is prestressed
with a second coupling half (11).
4. A press according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a plurality
of piezoactors (18, 19) actuated in parallel, more particular in modular form, is
coupled with the transmission device (14).
5. A press according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a force sensor
is connected to the piezoactors (18, 19), which force sensor is connected to a control,
which is connected to the voltage supply of the piezoactor (18, 19).
6. A press according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a motion pickup
is connected to the die (9), which motion pickup is connected to a control, which
is connected to the voltage supply of the piezoactor (18, 19).
7. A press according to claim 5 or 6, characterised in that the control and the voltage
supply of the piezoactor (18, 19) are connected to a function generator.