|
(11) | EP 0 843 790 B1 |
| (12) | EUROPEAN PATENT SPECIFICATION |
|
|
| (54) |
MODULAR MASTER CYLINDER CONSTRUCTION MODULARE HAUPTZYLINDERKONSTRUKTION CONSTRUCTION MODULAIRE D'UN MAITRE-CYLINDRE |
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Note: Within nine months from the publication of the mention of the grant of the European patent, any person may give notice to the European Patent Office of opposition to the European patent granted. Notice of opposition shall be filed in a written reasoned statement. It shall not be deemed to have been filed until the opposition fee has been paid. (Art. 99(1) European Patent Convention). |
Background of the Invention
[0001] The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for transmitting mechanical movement from one location to another utilizing hydraulic fluid as the transmitting means. More particularly, the invention relates to a force transmission device employing interconnected hydraulic cylinders wherein pressure generated in one cylinder is transmitted to the other cylinder to achieve a desired movement or operation at a location remote from that at which the pressure force originates.
[0002] Such a device may be used for effecting mechanical operations in a motor vehicle such, for example, as actuating a mechanical clutch of the vehicle. In such use, a "master" cylinder is utilized to originate pressure flow which is transmitted by a conduit to a "slave" cylinder having an output member connected to the clutch release mechanism.
[0003] Master cylinder assemblies typically include either an integral reservoir structure in which the reservoir is positioned immediately adjacent the main body or shell of the master cylinder assembly or a remote reservoir structure in which a spout is provided immediately adjacent the shell of the master cylinder and the spout connects with a flexible conduit which in turn connects with a remotely relocated reservoir. In the past, the shell of the master cylinder has been uniquely constructed so as to be dedicated to association with either an integral reservoir or a remote reservoir. In effect, two distinct master cylinders and two distinct reservoirs have been required to accommodate the requirements of vehicle manufacturing customers.
[0004] DE-A-2205402 discloses a master cylinder which can be equipped with either an integral or remote reservoir through a reservoir outlet in a side wall of the master cylinder. Although more adaptable than previous master cylinders such a construction which uses a side wall connection with its reservoir is still not ideal.
[0005] EP-A-0 285 255 discloses a master cylinder comprising a reservoir outlet in an end wall of the shell.
Summary of the invention
[0006] This invention is directed to a method of providing a master cylinder assembly which allows an identical master cylinder shell to be utilized with either an integral reservoir or a remote reservoir in a particularly adaptable manner.
[0007] Thus according to the present invention there is provided a method of providing master cylinder assemblies of both integral and remote reservoir design comprising:-
providing a master cylinder having an elongated tubular shell defining a bore with a piston slidably received in the bore, an opening at one end of the shell for passage of a piston rod for driving engagement with the piston, the other end of the bore being closed to define a working chamber in combination with the piston , a high pressure working outlet opening into the working chamber proximate said other end of the shell for connection to a conduit connecting to a slave cylinder, and a reservoir outlet comprising a socket formed in an end wall of the shell proximate said other end and opening into the working chamber;
providing valve means at a location proximate to the reservoir outlet for closing off said reservoir outlet on initial movement of the piston towards said other end of the shell to pressurise the working chamber;
providing a remote reservoir connected to a spout by a conduit, the spout having a spout fitting sized to fit in the reservoir outlet socket to connect the shell to the spout and provide fluid communication between the working chamber and the remote reservoir;
providing an integral reservoir having a reservoir fitting integrally formed therewith and corresponding to the spout fitting and sized to fit in the reservoir outlet socket to connect the shell to the integral reservoir and provide fluid communication between the working chamber and the integral, reservoir;
connecting the spout to the shell utilizing the spout fitting and the reservoir outlet to constitute a master cylinder assembly including a spout for connection by a conduit to the remote reservoir; and
alternatively connecting the integral reservoir to the shell utilizing the reservoir fitting and the reservoir outlet to constitute a master cylinder assembly including an integral reservoir.
[0008] Thus the method of the present invention can provide a master cylinder assembly with either an integral or remote reservoir and whose working chamber outlet configuration is proximate to the other end of the shell.
[0009] The integrally formed reservoir fitting and the spout may have an L configuration with one leg of the configuration in each case defining a plug for receipt in the reservoir outlet socket and the other leg of the configuration providing communication with the reservoir.
[0010] The valve means may include a valve member operatively connected with the piston and which is moved to cover the reservoir outlet during the initial movement of the piston towards said other end of the shell to pressurise the working chamber.
[0011] In such an arrangement after closing-off of the reservoir outlet by the valve member further movement of the piston towards said other end of the shell results in displacement of the piston relative to the valve member.
Brief Description of the Drawing
[0012]
FIGURE 1 is an exploded view of a master cylinder assembly according to the invention;
FIGURES 2 and 3 are longitudinal cross-sectional views showing the manner in which the master cylinder is configured to provide a remote reservoir construction; and
FIGURES 4 and 5 are longitudinal cross-sectional views showing the manner in which the invention master cylinder is configured to provide an integral reservoir construction.
Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiment
[0013] The invention master cylinder apparatus is disclosed as forming a part of a hydraulic clutch control apparatus for controlling the clutch of a motor vehicle. The clutch control apparatus includes a master cylinder apparatus 10 for operative association with the clutch pedal 12 of the motor vehicle and a slave cylinder assembly 14 for operative association with the clutch release lever 16 of the motor vehicle so that, in known manner, depression and release of clutch pedal 12 operates via the clutch control apparatus to extend and retract the piston rod 18 of the slave cylinder assembly and thereby disengage and engage the clutch.
[0014] Master cylinder apparatus 10, broadly considered, includes a master cylinder assembly 20, an integral reservoir structure 22, and a remots reservoir assembly 24.
[0015] Master cylinder assembly 20 includes a tubular shell or body 26, a piston 28, a pistcn rod 30, and a valve assembly 32.
[0016] Shell 26 is formed of a suitable plastic material, is elongated, and includes a main body 26a defining a central axial bore 26b including an open end 26c. A flange structure 26d on the exterior of the shell is utilized in known manner to rigidly mount the shell 26 in the firewall 33 of the motor vehicle Shell 26 further defines a high pressure outlet 26e proximate the closed rearward end 26f of the shell for connection in known manner to a hose or conduit 34 connected to the inlet 14a of the slave cylinder 14. A fitting or socket 26g is provided in the closed end 26f of the shell and includes a bore 26h concentric with the central axis 36 of the shell and opening in bore 26b; a counterbore 26i; and a further counterbore 26j opening in the rear face 26k of the shell.
[0017] Piston 28 is slidably mounted in core 25b and includes a recess 28a proximate its forward end 28b for receipt of the rearward end 30a of piston rod 30. The other or forward end 30b of the piston rod is pivotally secured in known manner to the clutch pedal 12 so that depression of the clutch pedal operates to move the piston 28 rearwardly within bore 26b so as to deliver pressurized hydraulic fluid via fitting 26e and hose 34 slave cylinder 14 for extension of slave cylinder piston rod 18 and operation of clutch release lever 16 in a manner to disengage the clutch. The rearward movement of the piston 28 in bore 26b is resisted in known manner by a coil spring 38.
[0018] Valve assembly 32 is positioned in bore 26b proximate bore 26h and includes an open structure cage 40, a coil spring 41, and a valve stem structure 42. Cage 40 includes a flange portion 40a against which spring 38 bears so as to retain the cage in position adjacent the rear end of bore 26b. Valve stem structure 42 includes a main body stem portion 42a, a head portion 42b, and a valve portion 42c positioned within cage 40 in proximity to bore 26h and engaged by spring 41. Head 42b coacts with a rearward piston structure 28c so that the piston is free to move rearwardly within the bore 26b relative to stem 42a whereas forward movement of the piston within the bore 26b engages head 42b and pulls the valve 42c away from bore 26h against the resistance of spring 41. In this manner, the valve 42c acts, under the urging of spring 41, to seal the bore 26h in response to rearward movement of the piston upon depression of the clutch pedal so as not to interfere with the discharge of pressurized fluid from the fitting 26e whereas forward return movement of the piston upon release of the clutch pedal acts to pull the valve 42c clear of bore 26h against the resistance of spring 41 and allow fluid from the reservoir to flow through cage 40 and fill bore 26b behind the advancing piston.
[0019] Reservoir structure 22 is formed of a suitable plastic material, such as the plastic material of the shell 26, and includes a main body bowl portion 22a, a spout portion 22b, and a cover or lid 44 adapted to be removably secured to the upper end of the bowl portion 22a utilizing threads 22c coacting with threads on the lid.
[0020] Spout portion 22b has an L-shaped configuration and includes a vertical leg 22d and a horizontal leg 22e. Vertical leg 22d includes a central bore 22f communicating at its upper end with the central cavity 22g of the bowl portion 22a and horizontal leg 22e includes a central horizontal bore 22h communicating at one end with the lower end of bore 22f and opening at its other end in the front face 22i of the horizontal leg. The front end of the horizontal leg 22e comprises a coacting fitting with respect to shell fitting 26g and, specifically, has a plug configuration of circular cross section including a relatively large diameter plug section 22j and a concentric relatively small diameter plug section 22k. Large diameter plug section 22j includes an external groove 22l for coaction with an O-ring 45. Relatively small diameter section 22k has a size and configuration generally corresponding to the size and configuration of the counterbore 26i of shell socket 26g and relatively large diameter section 22j has a size and configuration generally corresponding to the size and configuration of the counterbore 26j of shell socket 26g so that the plug fitting defined by the leading end of the horizontal leg of the spout of the reservoir may be plugged into the socket fitting 26g to seat section 22i in counterbore 26i and seat section 22j in counterbore 26j so as to provide fluid communication between the shell bore 26b and the reservoir cavity 22g via bores 22f, 22h, and 26h.
[0022] Spout 46 is formed of a suitable plastic material, such as the plastic material of shell 26 and reservoir structure 22, and has an L-configuration including a vertical leg 46a and a horizontal leg 46b. Vertical leg 46a includes a central bore 46c opening at the upper end of the vertical leg, and barbs or serrations 46d are provided on the exterior surface of the vertical leg.
[0023] Horizontal leg 46b includes a central bore 46e communicating at one end with bore 46c and opening at its other end in the front face 46f of the horizontal leg.
[0024] The front end of lower leg 46b comprises a coacting fitting with respect to socket fitting 26g and, specifically, has a plug configuration corresponding precisely to the plug configuration of the front end of the horizontal leg 22e of the spout portion of reservoir structure 22 and includes a relatively large diameter section 46g and a relatively small diameter section 46h. Section 46g has a size and configuration corresponding to the size and configuration of the counterbore 26a of shell socket 26g and section 46h has a size and configuration corresponding to the size and configuration of counterbore 26i of shell socket 26g so that the plug fitting defined by the leading end of the horizontal leg of spout 46 may be plugged into socket fitting 26g to seat section 46h in counterbore 26i and seat section 46g in counterbore 26j and provide fluid communication between the shell bore 26b and spout bore 46c via bores 46e and 26h. An O-ring 45 seats in an external groove 46i of the plug to facilitate the seal between the plug and the cylinder.
[0025] Hose 48 is formed of any suitable resilient and flexible material and is adapted to be removably positioned at its lower end 48a over the upper end of vertical leg 46a of spout 46 utilizing barbs 46d.
[0026] Remote reservoir 50 is formed of a suitable plastic material, such as the plastic of shell 26 and reservoir structure 22, and includes a main body bore portion 50a, a lower spout portion 50b providing a central bore 50c communicating with the interior cavity 50d of bore 50a, and a removable cap or lid 52. The upper end 48b of hose 48 is removably secured to fitting 50b utilizing barbs 50e defined on the exterior surface of the fitting.
[0027] It will be seen that the invention provides an apparatus and methodology for providing both a master cylinder remote reservoir assembly and a master cylinder integral reservoir assembly utilizing precisely the same main body shell unit. Specifically, if it is desired to provide a remote reservoir assembly, a spout 46 is positioned in the socket 26g of the shell and suitably secured in position and if it is desired to provide an integral reservoir assembly the spout portion 22b of an integral reservoir 22 is positioned in socket 26g and suitably secured therein. Securement of the plug end of the spout 46 or the plug end of the spout portion of the reservoir structure 22 may be achieved through the use of a snap fit, the use of a mounting clip, or, as shown, by welding. The welding may in turn be accomplished in a variety of manners such, for example, as sonic welding.
providing a master cylinder (20) having an elongated tubular shell (26) defining a bore (26b) with a piston (28) slidably received in the bore, an opening at one end (26c) of the shell for passage of a piston rod (30) for driving engagement with the piston, the other end (26f) of the bore (26b) being closed to define a working chamber in combination with the piston , a high pressure working outlet (26e) opening into the working chamber proximate said other end (26f) of the shell for connection to a conduit (34) connecting to a slave cylinder (14), and a reservoir outlet (26g)comprising a socket formed in an end wall of the shell proximate said other end (26f) and opening into the working chamber;
providing valve means (32) at a location proximate to the reservoir outlet (26g) for closing off said reservoir outlet on initial movement of the piston (28) towards said other end (26f) of the shell to pressurise the working chamber;
providing a remote reservoir (50) connected to a spout (46) by a conduit (48), the spout having a spout fitting (46b) sized to fit in the reservoir outlet socket. (26g) to connect the shell (26) to the spout (46) and provide fluid communication between the working chamber and the remote reservoir;
providing an integral reservoir (22) having a reservoir fitting(22b)integrally formed therewith and corresponding to the spout fitting (46b) and sized to fit in the reservoir outlet socket (26g) to connect the shell (26) to the integral reservoir (22), and provide fluid communication between the working chamber and the integral reservoir;
connecting the spout (46) to the shell (26) utilizing the spout fitting (46b) and the reservoir outlet (26g) to constitute a master cylinder assembly including a spout (46) for connection by a conduit (48) to the remote reservoir (50); and
alternatively connecting the integral reservoir (22) to the shell (26) utilizing the reservoir fitting (22b) and the reservoir outlet (26g) to constitute a master cylinder assembly including an integral reservoir (22).
Zur-Verfügung-Stellen eines Hauptzylinders (20) mit einer länglichen Rohrhülle (26), die eine Bohrung (26b) bestimmt, wobei in der Bohrung ein Kolben (28) verschiebbar aufgenommen ist, einer Öffnung an einem Ende (26c) der Hülle zum Durchtritt einer Kolbenstange (30) zum treibenden Eingriff mit dem Kolben, wobei das andere Ende (26f) der Bohrung (26b) verschlossen ist, um in Kombination mit dem Kolben einen Arbeitsraum zu bestimmen, einem Hochdruckarbeitsauslaß (26e), der sich in den Arbeitsraum in der Nähe des anderen Endes (26f) der Hülle zum Anschluß an eine Leitung (34) öffnet, die an einem Nehmerzylinder (14) angeschlossen ist, und einem Vorratsbehälterauslaß (26g), der eine Muffe aufweist, die in einer Endwand der Hülle in der Nähe des anderen Endes (26f) ausgebildet ist, und der sich in den Arbeitsraum öffnet;
Zur-Verfügung-Stellen einer Ventilvorrichtung (32) an einem Ort in der Nähe von dem Vorratsbehälterauslaß (26g) zum Verschließen des Vorratsbehälterauslasses bei einer Anfangsbewegung des Kolbens (28) in Richtung des anderen Endes (26f) der Hülle, um den Arbeitsraum unter Druck zu setzen;
Zur-Verfügung-Stellen eines fernen Vorratsbehälters (50), der an einem Auslauf (46) über eine Leitung (48) angeschlossen ist, wobei der Auslauf einen Auslaufbeschlag (46b) aufweist, der bemessen ist, um in die Vorratsbehälterauslaßmuffe (26g) zu passen, um die Hülle (26) an den Auslauf (46) anzuschließen und eine Fluidverbindung zwischen der Arbeitskammer und dem fernen Vorratsbehälter zu schaffen;
Zur-Verfügung-Stellen eines integralen Vorratsbehälters (22) mit einem Vorratsbehälterbeschlag (22b), der einstückig damit ausgebildet ist und dem Auslaufbeschlag (46b) entspricht und bemessen ist, um in die Vorratsbehälterauslaßmuffe (26g) zu passen, um die Hülle (26) an den integralen Vorratsbehälter (22) anzuschließen und eine Fluidverbindung zwischen der Arbeitskammer und dem integralen Vorratsbehälter zu schaffen;
Anschließen des Auslaufs (46) an die Hülle (26) unter Verwendung des Auslaufbeschlags (46b) und an den Vorratsbehälterauslaß (26g), um eine Hauptzylinderanordnung mit einem Auslauf (46) zum Anschluß an eine Leitung (48) zu dem fernen Vorratsbehälter (50) auszubilden; und
alternativ Anschließen des integralen Vorratsbehälters (22) an die Hülle (26) unter Verwendung des Vorratsbehälterbeschlags (22b) und an den Vorratsbehälterauslaß (26g), um eine Hauptzylinderanordnung mit einem integralen Vorratsbehälter (22) auszubilden.
la prévision d'un maître-cylindre (20) comportant une chemise tubulaire allongée (26) définissant un alésage (26b) avec un piston (28) reçu de manière coulissante dans l'alésage, une ouverture à une extrémité (26c) de la chemise pour le passage d'une tige de piston (30) pour la mise en prise d'entraînement avec le piston, l'autre extrémité (26f) de l'alésage (26b) étant fermée afin de définir une chambre de travail en combinaison avec le piston, une ouverture de sortie de chambre de travail haute pression (26e) dans la chambre de travail à proximité de ladite autre extrémité (26f) de la chemise pour le raccordement à un conduit (34) raccordant à un cylindre récepteur (14), et une sortie de réservoir (26g) comprenant une cavité formée dans une paroi d'extrémité de la chemise à proximité de ladite autre extrémité (26f) et s'ouvrant dans la chambre de travail ;
la prévision de moyens formant valve (32) à un emplacement à proximité de la sortie de réservoir (26g) pour fermer ladite sortie de réservoir lors du mouvement initial du piston (28) vers ladite autre extrémité (26f) de la chemise afin de mettre la chambre de travail sous pression ;
la prévision d'un réservoir à distance (50) raccordé à un bec (46) par un conduit (48), le bec comportant un raccord de bec (46b) dimensionné pour s'insérer dans la cavité de sortie de réservoir (26g) pour raccorder la chemise (26) au bec (46) et pour permettre une communication de fluide entre la chambre de travail et le réservoir à distance ;
la prévision d'un réservoir d'un seul tenant (22) comportant un raccord de réservoir (22b) formé d'un seul tenant avec celui-ci et correspondant au raccord de bec (46b) et dimensionné pour s'insérer dans la cavité de sortie de réservoir (26g) pour raccorder la chemise (26) au réservoir d'un seul tenant (22) et pour permettre une communication de fluide entre la chambre de travail et le réservoir d'un seul tenant ;
le raccordement du bec (46) à la chemise (26) en utilisant le raccord de bec (46b) et la sortie de réservoir (26g) pour constituer un ensemble de maître-cylindre comprenant un bec (46) pour le raccordement par un conduit (48) au réservoir à distance (50) ; et
en variante, le raccordement du réservoir d'un seul tenant (22) à la chemise (26) en utilisant le raccord de réservoir (22b) et la sortie de réservoir (26g) pour constituer un ensemble de maître-cylindre comprenant un réservoir d'un seul tenant (22).