Nozzle

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a nozzle for a weapon comprising a launcher which constitutes a guide for a projectile or missile; the nozzle comprises a wall, a first opening connected to the launcher and a second opening. The area of the first opening is smaller than the area of the second opening.

[0002] Weapons such as handheld weapons from which a projectile or missiles are shot are in some cases provided with a launcher without a nozzle. The nozzle is arranged in the rear end of a launcher which constitutes a guide for the projectile. When the weapon is fired the projectile is guided by the launcher and leaves the front end of the launcher towards a target. Also a flame is created by the projectile when the weapon is fired. The flame creates gases of high temperature which expands at the rear end of the launcher of the weapon, through the nozzle. In this connection also a high pressure being created behind the launcher.

[0003] In order to decrease the recoil and thus make possible an increase in weight of the projectile without excessively high pressure being created behind the launcher, it has been known for many years to introduce what is known as a countermass. The countermass may be a liquid enclosed in a container arranged in the launcher behind the projectile. The countermass in form of liquid leaves the rear end of the weapon when the weapon is fired and thereby produces a pressure-reducing effect adjacent to the weapon when the countermass expands and disintegrates. Documents SE 0301626-8 and SE 0301627-6 discloses examples of such countermass containers for weapons.

[0004] Document DE-A1-1578050 discloses a weapon that forms the basis for the preamble of claim 1.

[0005] However, one drawback is that when the countermass is a liquid, a cloud is formed around the weapon, which makes it difficult to rapidly achieve a clear view of the target for firing the weapon again. Another drawback of using a countermass is that an asymmetrical flow may be created in the countermass container, which can produce great shear forces on the weapon. Also, pieces from the container may come away from the container and constitute a risk behind the weapon.

[0006] The objective problem to be solved by the present invention is to avoid that a liquid cloud is formed around the weapon when the weapon is fired.

[0007] Another objective problem to be solved by the present invention is to reduce the pressure behind a weapon

[0008] Yet another objective problem to be solved by the present invention is to eliminate the need of a countermass in a weapon.

[0009] Yet another objective problem to be solved by the present invention is to reduce the recoil in the forward direction.

[0010] This is achieved by a nozzle according to claim 1.

[0011] Ambient air is used to reduce the temperature of the hot gases which leaves the rear end of the weapon through the nozzle. When ambient air is introduced in the hot gases, energy is transformed which reduces also the pressure inside the hot gases. Since the pressure is reduced also the recoil on the weapon is reduced. The ambient air is introduced in the hot gases by the means provided at the nozzle.

[0012] According to are embodiment said means is a spoiler is arranged substantially inside the nozzle in the area of the second opening. When the weapon is fired the gases from the projectile passes through the nozzle with high velocity. The spoiler creates a low pressure on one of its surfaces when the gases pass the spoiler. The low pressure reduces the temperature of the gases. Also, the low pressure created by the spoiler leads to that ambient air is sucked in through the second opening of the nozzle and thereby reduces the temperature of the gases from the projectile. According to this embodiment the gases within the nozzle are under expanded.

[0013] According to yet another embodiment of the invention a circumferential element is arranged at the first opening of the nozzle. The circumferential element has an opening area which is less than the area of the first opening of the nozzle. The effect achieved by this element is that recoil in the forward direction is reduced when the weapon is fired.

[0014] When a nozzle provided with said means is used in a weapon a liquid cloud is not formed around the weapon when the weapon is fired since there is no need for a countermass. Therefore it is possible to rapidly firing the weapon again since no liquid cloud restricts the view of the target.

[0015] Also, a weapon with such a nozzle is easy to handle, cost effective when manufacturing and have no problems with shear forces which may occur when using a countermass.

[0016] Other advantages and features of the invention can be derived from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1 shows a section view of a nozzle according to an embodiment of the invention,

Fig. 2 shows a view in perspective of the nozzle according to an embodiment, and

Fig.53 shows a section view of a nozzle according to an embodiment of the invention with a reduced pressure area indicated.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the invention disclosed in fig. 1 said means 18 is a spoiler 18' arranged substantially inside the nozzle 1 in the area of the second opening 12. The spoiler 18' is so arranged inside the nozzle 1 that an opening gap 22 is created between the wall 8 of the nozzle 1 and the spoiler 18'.

[0018] Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of the second embodiment. The spoiler 18' has a form which is substantial circular and is connected to the wall 8 by distance elements 24. Preferably, the distance elements 24 have an aerodynamic form that not disturbs the flow of the gases 16.

[0019] When the weapon 2 is fired the gases 16 from the projectile 6 passes through the nozzle 1 with high velocity. The spoiler 18' creates a low pressure on one of its surfaces when the gases 16 pass the spoiler 18', which is indicated in fig 5. The low pressure reduces the temperature of the gases 16 and the low pressure LP created by the spoiler 18' also leads to that ambient air is sucked in through the second opening 12 of the nozzle 1 and thereby reduces the temperature of the gases 16 from the projectile 6.

[0020] According to a second embodiment of the invention a circumferential element 26 is arranged at the first opening 10 of the nozzle 1. An opening area 28 of the circumferential element 26 is less than the area of the first opening 10 of nozzle 1. Hence, a circumferential abutment 30 or edge is created by the element 26. When the weapon 2 is fired a pressure from the gases 16 created by the projectile 6 is exerted on the element 26. Therefore, recoil in the forward direction of the weapon 2 is reduced.

Claims

1. Nozzle for a weapon (2) comprising a launcher (4) which constitutes a guide for a projectile or missile (6); the nozzle (1) comprises a wall (8), a first opening (10) connected to the launcher (4) and a second opening (12); characterized in that the area of the first opening (10) is smaller than the area of the second opening (12); the nozzle (1) has the form of a funnel; the nozzle (1) is provided with means (18; 18') for reducing the pressure of gases (16) from the projectile (6) inside and behind the nozzle (1) when firing the weapon (2); said means is a spoiler (18') arranged substantially inside the nozzle (1) in the area of the second opening (12) and the spoiler (18') is so arranged inside the nozzle (1) that an opening gap (22) is created between the wall (8) of the nozzle (1) and the spoiler (18').

2. Nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that said means (18;18') is arranged at the second opening of the nozzle.

3. Nozzle according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and second openings (10,12) are substantially cylindrical.

4. Nozzle according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and second openings (10,12) are arranged substantially concentric with each others.

5. Nozzle according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a gas generator (14) is arranged in the area of the first opening (10).

6. Nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that the spoiler (18') has a form which is substantial circular.

7. Nozzle according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that the spoiler (18') is connected to the wall (8) by distance elements (24).

8. Nozzle according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a circumferential element (26) is arranged at the first opening (10) of the nozzle (1) and in that an opening area (28) of the circumferential element (26) is less than the area of the first opening (10) of the nozzle (1).

Ansprüche

1. Düse für eine Waffe (2), die eine Abschusseinrichtung (4) umfasst, die eine Führung für ein Projektil oder ein Geschoss (6) bildet, wobei die Düse (1) eine Wand (8), eine mit der Abschusseinrichtung (4) verbundene erste Öffnung (10) und eine zweite Öffnung (12) umfasst, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Fläche der ersten Öffnung (10) kleiner als die Fläche der zweiten Öffnung (12) ist; die Düse (1) die Form eines Trichters aufweist; die Düse (1) mit einem Mittel (18; 18') zum Verringern des Drucks von Gasen (16) von dem Projektil (6) innerhalb und hinter der Düse (1), wenn die Waffe (2) abgefeuert wird, versehen ist; das Mittel ein Spoiler (18') ist, der im Wesentlichen innerhalb der Düse (1) in der Fläche der zweiten Öffnung (12) angeordnet ist, und der Spoiler (18') so innerhalb der Düse (1) angeordnet ist, dass eine Öffnungslücke (22) zwischen der Wand (8) der Düse (1) und dem Spoiler (18') gebildet ist.

2. Düse nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Mittel (18, 18') an der zweiten Öffnung der Düse angeordnet ist.

3. Düse nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste und die zweite Öffnung (10, 12) im Wesentlichen zylindrisch sind.

4. Düse nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste und die zweite Öffnung (10, 12) im Wesentlichen konzentrisch zueinander angeordnet sind.

5. Düse nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Gaserzeuger (14) in der Fläche der ersten Öffnung (10) angeordnet ist.

6. Düse nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der - Spoiler (18') eine Form aufweist, die im Wesentlichen kreisförmig ist.

7. Düse nach Anspruch 1 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Spoiler (18') durch Abstandselemente (24) mit der Wand (8) verbunden ist.

8. Düse nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Umfangselement (26) an der ersten Öffnung (10) der Düse (1) angeordnet ist und dass eine Öffnungsfläche (28) des Umfangselements (26) kleiner als die Fläche der ersten Öffnung (10) der Düse (1) ist.

Revendications

1. Tuyère pour une arme (2) comprenant un lanceur (4) qui constitue un guide pour un projectile ou missile (6) ; la buse (1) comprend une paroi (8), une première ouverture (10) raccordée au lanceur (4) et une seconde ouverture (12) ; caractérisée en ce que la surface de la première ouverture (10) est plus petite que la surface de la seconde ouverture (12) ; la tuyère (1) a la forme d'un entonnoir ; la tuyère (1) est prévue avec des moyens (18, 18') pour réduire la pression des gaz (16) du projectile (6) à l'intérieur et derrière la tuyère (1) lors de la mise à feu de l'arme (2), lesdits moyens sont un réducteur de portance (18') agencé sensiblement à l'intérieur de la tuyère (1) dans la zone de la seconde ouverture (12) et le réducteur de portance (18') est agencé à l'intérieur de la tuyère (1) de sorte qu'un espace d'ouverture (22) est créé entre la paroi (8) de la tuyère (1) et le réducteur de portance (18').

2. Tuyère selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que lesdits moyens (18, 18') sont agencés au niveau de la seconde ouverture de la tuyère.

3. Tuyère selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les première et seconde ouvertures (10, 12) sont sensiblement cylindriques.

4. Tuyère selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les première et seconde ouvertures (10, 12) sont agencées de manière sensiblement concentriques les unes par rapport aux autres.

5. Tuyère selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'un générateur de gaz (14) est agencé dans la zone de la première ouverture (10).

6. Tuyère selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le réducteur de portance (18') a une forme qui est sensiblement circulaire.

7. Tuyère selon la revendication 1 ou 6, caractérisée en ce que le réducteur de portance (18') est raccordé à la paroi (8) par des éléments de distance (24).

8. Tuyère selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'un élément circonférentiel (26) est agencé au niveau de la première ouverture (10) de la tuyère (1) et en ce qu'une surface d'ouverture (28) de l'élément circonférentiel (26) est inférieure à la surface de la première ouverture (10) de la tuyère (1).

Drawing