Method and device for guiding the wire on multi-pole stators wound by a flyer-type machine

Description

Field of the invention

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of stator winding machines, and precisely it relates to a method for guiding the wire on multi-pole stators that can be wound by a flier-type machine.

[0002] The invention relates furthermore to a device that carries out this method.

Background of the invention

[0003] Multi-pole stators are known that can be wound by a flier-type machine, having a stack of sheets substantially star-shaped forming a plurality of poles that extend starting from a tubular core. The stators of this type fit either with an inner armature or with a concentric outer ring-shaped armature. They are very common in brushless motors and generators.

[0004] The adjacent boundaries of the poles define substantially a cylinder with a plurality of longitudinal or oblique slits.

[0005] The boundaries of the poles are connected to the core by means of branches that, between one another, define a plurality of grooves. Such grooves have to be filled of wire by coils wound about the branches. At winding the wire must pass beyond necessarily through the slits for reaching the grooves, and has to be guided to avoid hitting against the edges of the slits.

[0006] Winding machines are known capable of winding the wire in the grooves of the stator poles. They provide a winding arm, or flier, which rotates causing the wire to follow a circular trajectory thus laying the coil about each pole. The wire follows the circular trajectory while it is guided in the slits at the sides of each pole by means of shrouds having round profile, normally of two types:

• a couple of lateral guiding plates, which define substantially a funnel that guides the wire in the slits; collisions are thus avoided of the wire against the edges of the adjacent-poles to the pole that is being wound;
• a shroud that allows the wire to pass beyond around the pole making substantially a double chute guide that moves the wire away from its own circular trajectory and brings it to wind about the pole branch; the shroud normally is movable towards/away from the axis of the stator for laying uniformly the wire along the pole branch.

[0007] The two types of shrouds are normally sufficient to wind most of the common types of multi-pole stators that can be wound by a flier-type machine.

[0008] The shroud can be in one or in two parts. In the first case, it has a central opening in which the pole can enter. This is used when the width of the pole is similar to that of the winding and the slits are wide enough to allow its passage. JP 06 153464 shows a solution of the first case. In the second case, the shroud comprises two halves that are closed after having passed the slits at the end of the approaching movement. Also in this case, the width of the pole is similar to that of the winding but the slits are as narrow as possible, for improving the performances of the motor.

[0009] However, many stators of this type, studied mostly for efficiency reasons than for a easy winding, they are wound with difficulty, owing to the shape of the slot and to the dimension of the pole. For example, in the stators of large diameter the poles may be very wide, which extends far beyond the portion of groove to fill with the coil.

[0010] Therefore, the drawbacks are a not uniform filling of the slot or the risk of hits of the wire against the pole, with impossibility to obtain a complete filling.

[0011] In many cases, moreover, winding is geometrically impossible with the shrouds of known art. To overcome this drawback, the stator is split into many parts, assembling eventually the boundary of the stator only after winding. This, however, has the drawback of a more expensive and complicated production process.

[0012] JP 1011-2962 uses three types of shrouds for winding. More particularly, in JP 10112962 the cores have slits which are large enough to receive one type of shroud member to obtain that the wire slides towards the inner most portion of the pole. Adjacent coils when wound need be sized to allow the space required for receiving the shroud members in the slits.

Summary of the invention

[0013] It is therefore object of the present invention to provide a method for guiding the wire on multi-pole stators that avoids splitting the stator even if allowing a most favourable filling of the slot and an uniform distribution of the wire.

[0014] It is particular object of the invention to provide such a method wherein:

• the movement of the shroud is not limited, to avoid that the wire can collide with the pole and can move for laying the wire along all the pole branch;
• in case of stators of large diameter and with large grooves to fill, the wire can easy pass beyond the pole boundary for entering the grooves.

[0015] Therefore, according to the invention, a method for guiding the wire on multi-pole stators that can be wound by a flier-type machine,
wherein the stators have a core from which a plurality of branches radially extend defining grooves and having pole boundaries, said pole boundaries having longitudinal edges, which define slits for reaching the grooves and circumferential edges that define the height of the stator,
and wherein the wire is wound about said branches by means of a rotatable arm guided by first fixed shrouds, which define substantially a funnel to avoid hits of the wire against the longitudinal edges of adjacent poles, and second mobile shrouds, which define a couple of chute guides that pass beyond the circumferential edges of the pole and move radially for laying the wire along the branches,
provides the approaching of third slidable shrouds moving radially inwards to a fixed position against the boundary of the pole at the longitudinal edges thereof, said third shrouds guide at winding the wire to avoid hits of the wire against the longitudinal edges of the pole same.

[0016] Preferably, the third shrouds and the second shrouds

• in a first step they approach integrally the stator,
• in a second step, at winding, they are movable relative to each other, the third shrouds remaining fixed against the stator and the second shrouds reciprocating for laying the wire about one pole;
• in a third step move away integrally from the stator.

[0017] Advantageously, the third shrouds and the second shrouds are movable relative to each other urged by an elastic force.

[0018] According to another aspect of the invention, in a stator winding machine of the above type,
comprising a rotatable arm suitable for winding the wire about said branches, first fixed shrouds that define a funnel to avoid hits of the wire against the longitudinal edges of adjacent poles, and second shrouds that define a couple of chute guides that pass beyond the circumferential edges of the pole and that move radially for laying the wire along the branches,
third slidable shrouds are provided that at winding approach radially inwards to a fixed position against the boundary of the pole at the longitudinal edges thereof and guide the wire to avoid hits of the wire against the longitudinal edges of the pole same.

[0019] Preferably, the third shrouds are slidingly mounted with respect to a support of said second shrouds whereby the approaching of said shrouds towards said pole causes the contact of said third shrouds with the pole same at their lateral edges, and the further radial movement of said shrouds towards the axis of the stator is allowed by the relative reciprocation of said third shrouds with respect to said support.

Brief description of the drawings

[0020] Further characteristics and the advantages of the method and of the device according to the invention for guiding the wire on multi-pole stators will be made clearer with the following description of an embodiment thereof, exemplifying but not limitative, with reference to the attached drawings, wherein:

• figures 1 and 2 are respectively a top plan and an elevation side view of a step for guiding the wire on a multi-pole stator according to the prior art, comprising a shroud mobile;
• figures 3 and 4 are respectively a top plan and an elevation side view of a step of pre-winding according to the invention of a multi-pole stator, comprising a mobile shroud to which a shield is associated for covering the pole;
• figures 5 and 6 are respectively a top plan and an elevation side view of a winding step following the step of figures 3 and 4.

Description of a preferred embodiment

[0021] With reference to figures from 1 to 4, according to the prior art, a stator 1 that can be wound by a flier-type machine is formed by a substantially star-shaped stack of sheets 2, from which a plurality of poles 4 extend starting from a tubular core 3. The boundaries of poles 4, form together substantially a cylinder with a plurality of longitudinal grooves 5. The pole boundaries are connected to the core by means of branches 6 about which coils 7 are wound.

[0022] A winding machine, not shown, comprises a flier, which is also not shown, that rotates laying the wire 8 about the pole branch 6, and creating thus a coil 7 on each pole. For guiding the wire 8 at the sides of each pole 4 on which is being wound, shroud device 10 is provided having a couple of lateral guiding plates 11, which define substantially a funnel that guides the wire in the grooves 5. Collisions are thus avoided of the wire against the edges of poles 4a and 4b adjacent to the pole 4 that is being wound.

[0023] In the solution of figures 1 and 2, the device 10 comprises a shroud 12 that allows the wire 8 to overcome the pole 4, defining substantially a upper and lower chute guide that moves the wire 8 away from its own circular trajectory and brings it to wind about the pole branch 6. Shroud 12 normally is movable towards/away from the axis of the stator, up to the position indicated with dashed line, for laying uniformly the wire along the pole branch. To avoid any collision with the pole 4 of the stator, it has a centre front opening, not shown, in which the pole 4 enters. This type of shroud 12 is suitable for pole boundaries 4 of dimension not very larger than the size of the coil, and that that do not have too small slits.

[0024] In the solution of prior art of figures 3 and 4, instead, shroud 12 has shroud halves 12' that can approach each other by means of a cam 15, which pushes against outer rollers 14 integral to shrouds 12', biasing a spring 13. The shroud halves 12' are mounted slidingly on a support 16 by means of a slide 17 that engages with a guide 18. This type of shroud with shroud halves 12' is suitable for pole boundaries 4 of size not very larger than the size of the coil and that define other slits smaller than the previous case.

[0025] With reference to figures 5 and 6, for a geometry of stators 1 similar to that of figures from 1 to 4, but with different geometry, a shielding device 20 is provided according to the invention. Its feature is that the movement of shrouds 12" does not cause the collision of wire 8 with pole 4, with the consequence that the shrouds 12" can freely move and lay the wire about all the pole branch 6.

[0026] According to the invention, at winding, against the boundary of the pole 4 third shrouds 21 do approach, that guide the wire 8 to avoid hits of the wire against the longitudinal edges of the pole same.

[0027] More precisely, the third shrouds 21 are slidingly mounted with respect to the support 16 by means of guiding rods 22 biased by a spring 23. Third shrouds 21 are connected to each other by a transversal plate 24.

[0028] As shown in figures 3 and 4, starting from the position indicated with a dashed line, the integral approaching movement of device 20 towards pole 4 being wound ends with the contact between third shrouds 21 and pole 4 same, at the longitudinal edges thereof. Then, with reference to figures 7 and 8, the further radial movement of the support 16 towards the axis of stator 1 is allowed by the relative movement of the guiding rods 22 with respect to support 16, biased by spring 23.

[0029] This way, the shrouds 12" can move radially without that wire 8 collides against the pole 4, assured by the presence of third shrouds 21.

[0030] The new solution above presented has the advantage to allow winding many types of stators having special geometry, which differ from the typology shown in figures from 1 to 4, and whose winding is not possible with the known systems.

[0031] Concerning the opening movement of shrouds 12'' biased by spring 13, for laying more layers of wire 8 and forming the coils 7, it is similar to that shown in figure 3, by means of cam 15, and then not shown in detail. Obviously, in association to the inventive concept of the presence of third shrouds 21 and of the relative movement with respect to shroud halves 12'', the movement of opening/closure of the shrouds can be made in any desired other way.

[0032] The foregoing description of a specific embodiment will so fully reveal the invention according to the conceptual point of view, so that others, by applying current knowledge, will be able to modify and/or adapt for various applications such an embodiment without further research and without parting from the invention, and it is therefore to be understood that such adaptations and modifications will have to be considered as equivalent to the specific embodiment. The means and the materials to realise the different functions described herein could have a different nature without, for this reason, departing from the field of the invention. It is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation.

Claims

1. A method for guiding the wire (8) on multi-pole stators (1) that can be wound by a flier-type machine,

wherein said stators (1) have a core (3) from which a plurality of branches (6) radially extend with poles (4) defining between them grooves (5), said poles (4) having longitudinal edges, which define slits for reaching the grooves (5), and circumferential edges, which define the stack height of the stator,

providing first fixed shrouds (11);

providing second mobile shrouds (12");

and wherein the wire (8) is wound about said branches (6) by means of at least a rotatable arm guided by said first fixed shrouds (11), which define a funnel to avoid hits of the wire (8) against the longitudinal edges of adjacent poles (4a,4b), and said second mobile shrouds (12")define a couple of chute guides that pass beyond the circumferential edges of the pole (4) and that move radially for laying the wire (8) along the branches (6),

characterised in that

at winding an approaching step is provided of third slidable shrouds that move radially inwards (21) to a fixed position against the boundary of the pole at the longitudinal edges thereof (4), said third shrouds (21) guiding the wire (8) to avoid hits of the wire (8) against the longitudinal edges of the pole same.

2. Method according to claim 1, wherein said third shrouds (21) and said second shrouds (12")

- in a first step they approach integrally said stator,

- in a second step, at winding, they are movable relative to each other, said third shrouds (21) remaining fixed against said stator (1) and said second shrouds (12") reciprocating for laying the wire (8) in one of said grooves (5);

- in a third step they move away integrally from said stator.

3. Method according to claim 2, wherein said third shrouds (21) and said second shrouds (12") are movable relative to each other biased by a resilient force (23).

4. Device (20) for guiding the wire (8) on multi-pole stators (1) that can be wound by a flier-type machine,
wherein said stators (1) have a core (3) from which a plurality of branches radially extend (6) with poles (4) defining a plurality of grooves (5), said poles (4) having longitudinal edges, which define slits for reaching the grooves (5), and circumferential edges that refine the height (2) of the stator (1),
comprising a rotatable arm suitable for winding the wire (8) about said branches (6), first fixed shrouds (11) that define a funnel to avoid hits of the wire (8) against the longitudinal edges of adjacent poles (4), and second mobile shrouds (12") that define a couple of chute guides that pass beyond the circumferential edges of the pole (4) and that move radially for laying the wire (8) along the branches (6),
characterised in that the device further comprises third slidable shrouds (21) that, at winding, approach radially inwards to a fixed position against the boundary of the pole at the longitudinal edges thereof (4) and guide the wire (8) to avoid hits of the wire (8) against the longitudinal edges of the pole (4) same.

5. Device according to claim 4, wherein said third shrouds (21) are slidingly mounted with respect to a support (18) of said second shrouds (12") whereby the approaching of said second shrouds (12") towards said pole (4) causes the contact of said third shrouds (21) with the pole (4) same at their lateral edges, and the further radial movement of said second shrouds towards the axis of the stator is allowed by the relative movement of said third shrouds (21) with respect to said support.

6. Device according to claim 4, wherein said third shrouds (21) are slidingly mounted with respect to a support (18) of said second shrouds (20) by means of guiding rods (22) biased by a spring (23).

7. Device according to claim 4, wherein said third shrouds (21) are connected to each other by a plate substantially parallel to said pole (4).

Ansprüche

1. Ein Verfahren zum Führen des Drahtes (8) auf mehrpoligen Statoren (1), welche mit Maschinen des Flier-Typs bewickelt werden können, wobei die Statoren (1) einen Kern (3) aufweisen, von welchem eine Mehrzahl von Armen (6) mit Polen (4) radial abstehen, welche zwischen sich Vertiefungen (5) bilden, wobei die Pole (4) longitudinale Kanten aufweisen, welche Schlitze definieren, um in die Vertiefungen (5) zu gelangen und welche Umfangskanten aufweisen, welche die Stapelhöhe des Stators definieren,
Bereitstellen von ersten feststehenden Abdeckungen (11);
Bereitstellen von zweiten beweglichen Abdeckungen (12") und wobei der Draht (8) um die Arme (6) mittels wenigstens eines rotierbaren Arms gewickelt wird, der durch besagte erste fixe Abdeckungen (11) geführt wird, welche einen Trichter definieren, um Schläge des Drahts (8) gegen die longitudinalen Kanten von benachbarten Polen (4a, 4b) zu vermeiden, und wobei zweite mobile Abdeckungen (12") ein Paar von rampenartigen Führungen definieren, welche sich über die Umfangskanten des Pols (4) erstrecken und welche sich radial bewegen, um den Draht (8) entlang der Arme (6) abzulegen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
beim Wickeln ein Annäherungsschritt mittels dritten verschiebbaren Abdeckungen (21) bereitgestellt wird, welche sich radial nach innen in eine fixe Position gegen die Begrenzung des Pols an der longitudinalen Kante bewegen, wobei besagte dritte Abdeckungen (21) den Draht (8) führen, um Schläge des Drahts (8) gegen die longitudinalen Kanten des Poles zu verhindern.

2. Verfahren gemäss Anspruch 1, wobei besagte dritte Abdeckungen (21) und besagte zweite Abdeckungen (12")

- in einem ersten Schritt sich gemeinsam dem Stator annähern,

- in einem zweiten Schritt beim Wickeln bezogen zueinander bewegbar sind, wobei besagte dritte Abdeckungen (21) fix gegenüber dem Stator (1) bleiben und wobei besagte zweite Abdeckungen (12") sich reziprozierend bewegen, um den Draht (8) in eine der Vertiefungen (5) zu legen;

- in einem dritten Schritt sich gemeinsam vom Stator wegbewegen.

3. Verfahren gemäss Anspruch 2, wobei besagte dritte Abdeckungen 21 und besagte zweite Abdeckungen (12") relativ zueinander bewegbar und mittels einer federnden Kraft (23) vorgespannt sind.

4. Vorrichtung (20) zum Führen des Drahtes (8) auf mehrpoligen Statoren (1), welche mittels einer Maschine des Flier-Typs bewickelt werden können,
wobei die Statoren (1) einen Kern (3)aufweisen, von welchem eine Mehrzahl von Armen (6) mit Polen (4) radial abstehen, welche eine Mehrzahl von Vertiefungen (5) bilden, wobei die Pole (4) longitudinale Kanten aufweisen, welche Schlitze definieren, um die Vertiefungen (5) zu erreichen und welche Umfangskanten aufweisen, welche die Höhe (2) des Stators (1) definieren,
enthaltend einen rotierbaren Arm, der geeignet ist, um den Draht (8) um die Arme (6) zu wickeln, erste fixe Abdeckungen (11),
welche einen Trichter definieren, um Schläge des Drahtes (8) gegen die longitudinalen Kanten von benachbarten Polen (4) zu verhindern und zweite bewegliche Abdeckungen (12"), welche ein Paar von Rampenführungen definieren, welche sich über die Umfangskanten des Pols (4) erstrecken und welche sich radial bewegen, um den Draht (8) entlang der Arme (6) zu legen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung weiter dritte verschiebbare Abdeckungen (21) aufweist, welche sich beim Wickeln radial nach innen einer fixen Position gegen die Begrenzung des Pols (4) an dessen longitudinalen Kanten annähern und den Draht (8) führen, um Schläge des Drahts (8) gegen die longitudinalen Kanten des Poles(4) zu vermeiden.

5. Vorrichtung gemäss Anspruch 4, wobei besagte dritte Abdeckungen (21) bezogen auf eine Halterung (18) der besagten zweiten Abdeckungen (12") verschiebbar montiert sind, wobei die Annäherung besagter zweiter Abdeckungen (12") gegen den Pol (4) einen Kontakt der besagten dritten Abdeckungen (21) mit dem Pol (4) an deren lateralen Kanten bewirkt und wobei die weitere radiale Bewegung besagter zweiter Abdeckungen gegen die Achse des Stators durch die relative Bewegung besagter dritter Abdeckungen (21) bezogen auf die besagte Halterung ermöglicht wird.

6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, wobei besagte dritte Abdeckungen (21) verschiebbar bezogen auf eine Halterung (18) besagter zweiter Abdeckungen (20) mittels Pührungsstäben montiert sind, welche mit einer Feder (23) vorgespannt sind.

7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, wobei besagte dritte Abdeplcungen (21) mittels einer Platte miteinander verbunden sind, welche im Wesentlichen parallel zum besagten Pol (4) ist.

Revendications

1. Procédé de guidage de fil (8) sur des stators multipolaires (1) pouvant être enroulé par un dispositif à ailettes,
dans lequel lesdits stators (1) comportent un noyau (3) à partir duquel une pluralité de ramifications (6) s'étendent radialement avec des pôles (4) qui définissent des rainures (5) entre elles, lesdits pôles (4) comportant des bords longitudinaux, qui définissent des fentes pour atteindre les rainures (5), et des bords circonférentiels, qui définissent la hauteur de pile du stator,
fournissant des premières enveloppes fixes (11) ;
fournissant des secondes enveloppes mobiles (12") ;
et dans lequel le fil (8) est enroulé autour desdites ramifications (6) au moyen d'au moins un arbre rotatif guidé par lesdites premières enveloppes fixes (11), qui définissent un entonnoir pour éviter les chocs du fil (8) contre les bords longitudinaux des pôles adjacents (4a, 4b), et lesdites secondes enveloppes mobiles (12") définissent une paire de guides de goulotte dépassant les bords circonférentiels du pôle (4) et se déplaçant radialement pour déposer le fil (8) le long des ramifications (6),
caractérisé en ce que
pendant l'enroulement, une étape d'approche est prévue pour des troisièmes enveloppes coulissantes (21) qui se déplacent radialement vers l'intérieur dans une position fixe contre la limite du pôle (4) sur les bords longitudinaux de celui-ci, lesdites troisièmes enveloppes (21) guidant le fil (8) pour éviter les chocs du fil (8) contre les bords longitudinaux dudit pôle.

2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel lesdites troisièmes enveloppes (21) et lesdites secondes enveloppes (12")

- dans une première étape, approchent intégralement ledit stator,

- dans une seconde étape, pendant l'enroulement, sont mobiles l'une par rapport à l'autre, lesdites troisièmes enveloppes (21) restant fixes contre ledit stator (1) et lesdites secondes enveloppes (12") effectuant des va-et-vient pour déposer le fil (8) dans l'une desdites rainures (5) ;

- dans une troisième étape, s'éloignent intégralement dudit stator.

3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, dans lequel lesdites troisièmes enveloppes (21) et lesdites secondes enveloppes (12") sont mobiles les unes par rapport aux autres, poussées par une force résiliente (23).

4. Dispositif (20) de guidage de fil (8) sur des stators multipolaires (1) pouvant être enroulé par un dispositif à ailettes,
dans lequel lesdits stators (1) comportent un noyau (3) à partir duquel une pluralité de ramifications (6) s'étendent radialement avec des pôles (4) qui définissent une pluralité de rainures (5), lesdits pôles (4) comportant des bords longitudinaux, qui définissent des fentes pour atteindre les rainures (5), et des bords circonférentiels qui définissent la hauteur (2) du stator (1),
comprenant un bras rotatif adapté pour enrouler le fil (8) autour desdites ramifications (6), des premières enveloppes fixes (11) qui définissent un entonnoir pour éviter les chocs du fil (8) contre les bords longitudinaux des pôles adjacents (4), et des secondes enveloppes mobiles (12") qui définissent une paire de guides de goulotte dépassant les bords circonférentiels du pôle (4) et se déplaçant radialement pour déposer le fil (8) le long des ramifications (6),
caractérisé en ce que le dispositif comprend également des troisièmes enveloppes (21) coulissantes qui pendant l'enroulement, s'approchent radialement vers l'intérieur dans une position fixe contre la limite du pôle (4) sur les bords longitudinaux de celui-ci, et guident le fil (8) pour éviter les chocs du fil (8) contre les bords longitudinaux dudit pôle (4) .

5. Dispositif selon la revendication 4, dans lequel lesdites troisièmes enveloppes (21) sont montées de façon coulissante par rapport à un support (18) desdites secondes enveloppes (12"), moyennant quoi l'approche desdites secondes enveloppes (12") vers ledit pôle (4) entraine le contact desdites troisièmes enveloppes (21) avec ledit pôle (4) sur leurs bords latéraux, et le mouvement radial supplémentaire desdites secondes enveloppes vers l'axe du stator est possible par le mouvement relatif desdites troisièmes enveloppes (21) par rapport audit support.

6. Dispositif selon la revendication 4, dans lequel lesdites troisièmes enveloppes (21) sont montées de façon coulissante par rapport à un support (18) desdites secondes enveloppes (20) au moyen de tiges de guidage (22) poussées par un ressort (23).

7. Dispositif selon la revendication 4, dans lequel lesdites troisièmes enveloppes (21) sont raccordées les unes aux autres par une plaque sensiblement parallèle audit pôle (4).

Drawing