DESCRIPTION
[0001] The invention relates to the nautical field.
[0002] In particular, the invention relates to a gangway provided with accessory devices
that provide additional electric functionality, for crafts provided with electric
system.
[0003] Such gangway is a system for aiding the electric connection operations at the harbor
for sailing or motor, sports and non-sports crafts.
[0004] Currently, once the mooring operations have been carried out, the operations required,
for almost any craft, for making the electric connection at the dock are as follows:
- Extension of the gangway, where gangway means the device (machinery) that allows connecting
the craft to the mainland and going ashore. Generally, from a certain hull length
on, this device is not manual, but electro-hydraulically moved. While various types
and models have been used, almost all of them consist of one or more retractile and
extractable modules housed in a metal structure that is made integral with the craft
hull and hidden to sight. In this way such machinery is not visible when it is not
used, and through few and simple commands, the user can conveniently land.
- Connection to the "power supply from shore", wherein in nautical terms the "power
supply from shore" is the means by which crafts connect to the electric network of
harbors for energy supply.
Generally, the connection takes place through a cable of a suitable length provided
with two plugs that at the ends are inserted on one side to a fixed outlet, the "power
supply from shore", installed on board of the craft (usually aft), and on the other
in the harbor dock outlet. Once the craft is moored at the harbor and the gangway
has been extracted, this operation generally consists of the following actions (to
be repeated in the reverse order upon the craft departure):
- 1) Pick up of the cable from the stowage (often very heavy and cumbersome, depending
on the length, dimensions and number of conductors);
- 2) Craft-end connection to the power supply outlet of the electric circuit on board
of the craft;
- 3) Transportation of the cable ashore;
- 4) Fixing of the cable to the mooring ropes in order to support it in the "free" portion
between the craft and the dock, and accordingly prevent it from hindering or immersing
in the water space opposite the dock;
- 5) Dock-end connection to the mains outlet located on the harbor connection post.
[0005] To facilitate this electric connection operation, some products are known which are
generally called "cable winder", mainly suitable for automating the extraction and
the return of the cable itself.
[0006] One of the most widespread devices is CABLEMASTER
™ by the American company Glendinning Marine Products Inc.
[0007] This system substantially consists of a metal housing for protecting the cable plug
(installed on the craft), an electric motor with pulleys connected thereto from within
the craft (intended for the cable extraction and return) and generally of a large
container wherein the cable lays, "guided" by suitable returns as needed.
[0008] Such system only partially simplifies electric connection operations, in fact it
eliminates operations 1 and 2 mentioned above, facilitates but does not eliminate
the operation for transporting the cable ashore already mentioned at item 3, but introduces
some problems that are substantially represented by the considerable overall dimensions
of the cable protection container, but also of the motor installed at the back of
the outlet metal housing, which make the system installation if not in itself complicated,
difficult to integrate with the other multiple equipment provided on board and in
particular located in the craft stern rooms or spaces.
[0009] Moreover, considering as already said that the "power supply from shore" must be
installed as much as possible aft of the craft to move it close to the dock and that,
especially recently, it is common to use the aft space as a garage for tenders or
water scooters that nowadays only have fuel propulsion motors, the installation of
this system is actually impaired on this type of crafts, since any fuel vapors coming
out of the tanks of the above mentioned means are incompatible with the electric motor
usually non explosion-proof mounted on the equipment.
[0010] Finally, with particular reference to crafts constructed or intended for the European
market and falling within the medium segment (comprised between 60 and 120 feet),
the electric balance, and as a consequence the connection system on shore, often stabilizes
around 63 or 125 A, both in 220 Vac single phase and in 380 Vac three phase, following
and adjusting to the "sizes" of the connections foreseen on this market, which in
Europe is standardized to 321631125 A.
[0011] The CABLEMASTER
™ system, on the other hand, mainly devised for the American market, follows and imitates
in the production and homologation of its components the different "sizes" foreseen
by that market, that is 30/50/100 A.
[0012] Hence it is clear that, except for the smaller size (30A), the use of this equipment
on the European market actually implies a considerable limitation of the energy that
may be taken ashore, with consequent serious inefficiencies for crafts the electric
balance whereof is sized, as said, on a requirement of 63 or 125 A.
[0013] Moreover, since such system, as said, is devised for the USA market, including the
plug and the relative metal housing, this forces the user to use an adapter to connect
to multiple standard EEC plugs, introducing possible "fault" or inefficiency points
in relation to the marine environment.
[0014] Aim of the invention is to overcome the above mentioned limits and drawbacks.
[0015] The main aim is to transfer the power supply of the craft electric circuit as close
as possible to the dock, so as to reduce the length and the weight of the connection
cable to shore, using a device already provided in crafts.
[0016] A further aim is to totally avoiding the use of a connection cable separate from
the craft circuit, providing a storage system close to the power supply from shore.
[0017] The aims are achieved with a gangway with additional electric functionality for crafts
provided with electric system, comprising:
- a containing structure that may be permanently associated to the hull of a craft;
- at least one modular element that may be pulled out and retractile with respect to
said containing structure,
characterized in that it comprises:
- a first power outlet associated to said containing structure;
- a second power outlet associated to said at least one modular element that may be
pulled out and retractile;
- an electric cable associated to said at least one modular element arranged for connecting
said two power outlets;
wherein said first power outlet is arranged for connecting to the electric circuit
of the craft, said electric cable is arranged for integrating in said electric circuit
of the craft and said second power outlet is arranged for acting as power supply from
shore of said electric circuit of the craft.
[0018] According to an aspect of the invention, said electric cable has a length longer
than that of the extractable element and is guided and protected in the extraction
and return movement of the modular element by a flexible track device.
[0019] According to a further aspect of the invention, the gangway comprises a system for
storing the electric cable and the second power outlet is reversibly associated to
said modular element so that it may be extracted from its seat and directly connected
to the mains outlet located on the harbor dock.
[0020] According to a preferred aspect, said system for storing the electric cable consists
of at least two return pulleys whereof at least one is mobile parallely to the axis
of said modular element.
[0021] According to an even more preferred aspect, the mobile pulley of said system for
storing the electric cable is actuated by a manual or motor device.
[0022] In a further embodiment of the invention, the system for storing the electric cable
comprises a spool whereon said electric cable is reversibly wound, with spring return
systems.
[0023] According to a further aspect of this embodiment, the system for storing the electric
cable comprises a spool and a motorized unwinding for facilitating the unwinding and
rewinding of said cable.
[0024] The use of the gangway element already provided on crafts for moving the craft connection
point as close as possible to the outlet on shore partially or totally eliminates
the operations described above (on a craft there cannot be a point closer to the dock
than the gangway tip), and therefore it obtains the following main advantages:
- prevents the operations 1, 2, 3, 4 mentioned above and related to the craft mooring;
- eliminates the outlet (or relevant metal housing for cable winders) installed on the
craft, with considerable saving on work, as very often such outlet is connected in
special "recesses" provided with door to avoid defacing the lines and the aesthetics
of the craft;
- allows a considerable recovery of onboard space, very important especially in stern
rooms and recesses;
- eliminates any stand-alone machinery (traditional cable winders) with saving in terms
of maintenance management, especially with the version that provides for a hydraulically
motor-driven storage system, which may use the same pump as the gangway;
- in the event of a failure it allows extracting the cable and making the relevant connection
to dock even manually, with few simple scheduled operations, while in the case of
traditional cable winders such operation is only possible by removing mechanical parts
of the machinery;
- offers a considerable improvement of the safety and aesthetics of the moored craft,
avoiding the hindrance cable aft or fixed to the mooring ropes.
[0025] The advantages of the invention shall appear more clearly from the following description
of preferred embodiments, made by way of an indicative and non-limiting example with
reference to the figures, wherein:
Figs. 1 and 2 show a schematic side view of a gangway according to the invention,
provided with a single extractable and retractile modular element, respectively in
stand-by and use position;
Figs. 3-5 show schematic side views of a gangway provided with two modular elements
in various usage positions;
Fig. 6 shows a schematic side view of a detail of an outlet associated to a modular
element of the gangway;
Fig. 7 shows a perspective transparency view of a gangway with mobile modular element
provided with a first system for storing the electric cable;
Fig. 8 shows a schematic perspective view of a detail of a manual movement crank of
the system for storing the electric cable of Fig. 7;
Fig. 9 shows a schematic front view of a detail of the modular end element of the
gangway provided with a system for storing the electric cable;
Figs. 10-12 show schematic perspective views of various possible locations of the
end plug of the electric cable;
Fig. 13 shows a schematic bottom view of a gangway with a system for storing the electric
cable with a plurality of mobile and fixed return pulleys;
Fig. 14 shows a schematic bottom view of a gangway with a system for storing the electric
cable with spool and spring rewinding associated to a modular element;
Figs. 15 and 16 show a schematic side view of a gangway with a system for storing
the electric cable with spool and spring taking up associated to the containing structure
respectively with and without motorized unwinding.
[0026] With reference to the details shown in the figures, gangway 1 for crafts provided
with electric system comprises a containing structure 2 for at least one modular element
3 that may be pulled out and retractile from said structure 2.
[0027] Structure 2 may be made with a metal tank or other construction types, also with
a simple frame, and is usually steadily associated to the craft's structural hull.
[0028] A power outlet 4 is steadily associated to structure 2, where the term outlet shall
be understood, in the present description, in general meaning, as it may also be represented
by a plug, an electric board, a cable segment or more in general, by any other electric
connection system between two circuits. Said outlet 4 is arranged for connecting to
the electric circuit of the craft.
[0029] A further power outlet 5 is associated to the mobile modular element 3, wherein also
in this case the term shall be understood with a general meaning.
[0030] An electric cable 6 is arranged in the modular element 3 for connecting said outlets
4 and 5, so that the cable itself becomes part of the electric circuit of the craft
and outlet 5 becomes the power supply from shore of said electric circuit of the craft.
[0031] Cable 6 may be fixed, besides outlets 4 and 5, also at a point 7 located on board
of an element 8 sliding in structure 2 and associated to the modular element 3 with
hinge means 9 of the known type, arranged for allowing the control of the inclination
of the gangway vertical surface.
[0032] Between the fixing points 4, 5 and 7, cable 6, which has a length longer than that
of the extractable element, may be guided and supported in its movement by a flexible
track device 10 of the known type.
[0033] In the case of a gangway consisting of a plurality of modular elements 3, 3', there
is also a plurality of fixing points 7, 7' and of flexible devices 10, 10' as illustrated
in Figs. 3-5.
[0034] With reference now to Figs. 7-16, where some embodiments of the invention are shown,
the power outlet 5 is reversibly associated to the mobile element 3 of gangway 1,
so as to be extracted from its housing and connected to the mains outlet located on
the harbor dock.
[0035] In such embodiments of the invention, suitable systems for storing the electric cable
6 are provided on gangway 1.
[0036] Two examples of storage systems essentially consisting of a mobile undercarriage
11 and a substantially fixed undercarriage 12 are illustrated in Figs. 7-13.
[0037] Return pulleys 13, 13', 13", 13"' are turnably associated on the mobile undercarriage
11, whereas return pulleys 14, 14', 14", 14"' are turnably associated on undercarriage
12.
[0038] Undercarriage 11 slides along the longitudinal axis of the modular element 3 by the
effect of a connection between wheels 15, 15' and corresponding linear guides 16,
16'.
[0039] The movement or locking of undercarriage 11 is caused by pulling belts 17, 17' fixed
to undercarriage 11 and actuated by pinions 18, 18' and 19, 19' respectively connected
to automatic 20 or manual 21 crank moving means.
[0040] The automatic moving means 20 may consist of electric or hydraulic motors and may
optionally be powered by the same hydraulic pump that moves gangway 1.
[0041] Crank 21 for manual actuation may be of the type reversibly insertable in a housing
arranged in axis 22 of pinions 19, 19' or it may be of the articulated type and connected
to axis 22 too, as illustrated in Fig. 8.
[0042] The manual system may be provided also in the motor-driven version, to be used as
emergency maneuver.
[0043] Undercarriage 11 is substantially fixed on the front portion of the modular element
3, being connected to the latter by shock absorbing springs 23, 23' arranged for compensating
with small movements the tractions made by cable 6.
[0044] The storage system according to the first exemplary embodiment therefore consists
of two or more returns or pulleys 13-14, or longitudinally opposite guides with a
very low friction and allows extracting from the free end of the modular element 3
as many meters of cable equal to the net length of the element, excluding the overall
dimensions of pulleys and undercarriages, multiplied by the number of returns.
[0045] To allow the extraction of cable 6 from the modular element 3, outlet 5 will be of
the type reversibly associable to the free end of said element 3, as illustrated in
detail in Figs. 10-12, wherein there is also shown a door 25 arranged for closing
the space wherein outlet 5 is stored.
[0046] In order to facilitate the movements of cable 6 and prevent damages, suitable protections
24 (or slides, or returns) of self-lubricating plastic material may be provided along
the entire path of the same cable.
[0047] In order to increase the number of returns and thus the length of the extractable
cable, a flat section cable may be used, which allows bending with smaller bending
radius and the use of pulleys with a smaller diameter, also usable with horizontal
rather than vertical axis of rotation.
[0048] The second example of storage illustrated in Fig. 12 differs from the first one simply
in that a plurality of pulleys 13', 13", 13"' is associated to the mobile undercarriage,
and a plurality of pulleys 14, 14', 14", 14"' is associated to the fixed undercarriage
12.
[0049] A third example of system for storing cable 6 is illustrated in Fig. 14 and substantially
comprises a storage spool 26 with spring or motor rewinding system. Spool 26 is associated
to the end element 3 of gangway 1.
[0050] A fourth example of system for storing cable 6 is schematically illustrated in Fig.
15, wherein there is provided a motor rotating taking up 27 with spring or motor regeneracy
of the known type, associated to the containing structure 2 of the gangway.
[0051] The electric connection between outlet 4 and cable 6 is carried out by rotating contacts
provided on taking up 27.
[0052] This solution is particularly advantageous when the request for cable storage is
particularly heavy or the gangway thickness is particularly small.
[0053] A fifth example of system for storing cable 6 is schematically illustrated in Fig.
16, wherein there is still provided a motor rotating taking up 27 of the type with
motorized taking up of the known type, and a motorized unwinding 28 arranged in the
front portion of element 3 arranged for allowing the traction of cable 6 for facilitating
the extraction thereof.
[0054] This solution is particularly advantageous for storing and managing large amounts
of cable in winding and unwinding.
[0055] In this case, the motorized movements of taking up 27 and of unwinding 28 must be
coordinated with those of the mobile elements 3 of the gangway.
[0056] In all cases of motorized storage of cable 6 there may be provided, to complete the
invention, safety systems, systems for controlling the cable movement, etc.
[0057] For example, a suitable movement sensor may be provided for cable 6 (with encoder
or the like) arranged at the housing of outlet 5, which reading the movement of the
cable, carries out the safety functions (stopping motor 20 or moving undercarriage
11, if the cable does not slide).
[0058] As an alternative to the movement sensor, limit switch sensors may be used, arranged
in the housing of outlet 5, arranged for locking the motorized taking up mechanism
when outlet 5 returns in the housing.
[0059] As a further alternative, a sensor for detecting the extension of the compensating
springs 23, 23' may be used, which shall activate when the spring elongation, caused
by the locking of the cable due to the return of outlet 5 in the housing, exceeds
a predetermined value.
[0060] In order to prevent traction hazards on outlet 5 during the return in the housing,
on the end portion of the cable there will be a jaw well tightened on the cable itself,
which shall act on the limit switch arranged in the outlet housing or act as a mechanical
stop, if the spring elongation sensor is used.
[0061] The operation of the invention is described below.
[0062] In the case of cable 6 without storage systems and outlet 5 fixed on the advanced
free end of the mobile element 3, it will be sufficient to connect outlet 5 to the
mains outlet located on the harbor dock with a cable of a limited length.
[0063] Optionally, it may be necessary to use a similar cable for connecting outlet 4 to
the control panel of the electric system on board of the craft, but such cable with
connecting plugs may be replaced by fixed connections. Usually, that is to say, a
direct connection may be made between end 4 of cable 6 and the craft power supply
system.
[0064] If cable 6 is provided with storage systems, the user may grip outlet 5 and pull
out cable 6 from the gangway with a slight tug, with the aid of either manual 21 or
motor-driven movement systems 20, 26, 27, 28, so as to lead outlet 5 directly to insert
in the electric power supply panel provided on the harbor dock.
[0065] Of course, the construction details and the embodiments may widely vary compared
to what described and illustrated, without departing from the scope of the present
invention as described, illustrated and claimed.
[0066] For example, in simple applications of the invention, intended for small crafts,
the system may be made as an assembly kit to be easily integrated in existing gangways
to provide them with new electric functionality.
1. A gangway (1) with additional electric functionality for crafts provided with electric
system, comprising:
- a containing structure (2) that may be permanently associated to the hull of a craft;
- at least one modular element (3) that may be pulled out and retractile with respect
to said containing structure (2), characterized in that it comprises:
- a first power outlet (4) associated to said containing structure (2);
- a second power outlet (5) associated to said at least one modular element (3) that
may be pulled out and retractile;
- an electric cable (6) associated to said at least one modular element (3) arranged
for connecting said two power outlets; wherein said first power outlet (4) is arranged
for connecting to the electric circuit of the craft, said electric cable (6) is arranged
for integrating in said electric circuit of the craft and said second power outlet
(5) is arranged for acting as power supply from shore of said electric circuit of
the craft.
2. A gangway according to claim 1, characterized in that said cable (6) has a length superior to the one of the element that may be pulled
out.
3. A gangway according to claim 2, characterized in that said cable (6) is guided and supported in its movement by a flexible device (10).
4. A gangway according to claim 1, characterized in that said power outlet (5) is reversibly associated to said mobile element (3) of the
gangway (1).
5. A gangway according to claim 1, characterized in that said gangway (1) comprises appropriate systems (13, 13', 13", 13"', 14, 14', 14",
14"', 26, 27) for storing the electric cable (6).
6. A gangway according to claim 5, characterized in that said means for storing the electric cable (6) comprise at least two return pulleys
(13, 14), whereby at least one is mobile.
7. A gangway according to claim 6, characterized in that said mobile pulley (13) is associated to an undercarriage (11) sliding along the
longitudinal axis of the modular element (3) by means of kinematics (15, 15', 16,
16', 17, 17', 18, 18' and 19, 19') operated by automatic (20) or manual (21) moving
means.
8. A gangway according to claim 5, characterized in that said means for storing the electric cable (6) comprise a spool (26) with a spring
or motor rewinding system, associated to the end element (3) of the gangway (1).
9. A gangway according to claim 5, characterized in that said systems for storing the electric cable (6) comprise a rotating taking up (27)
with a spring or motor regeneracy, associated to the containing structure (2) of the
gangway (1).
10. A gangway according to claim 9, characterized in that said system for storing the electric cable (6) with motor rotating taking up (27)
comprises a motorized unwinding (28) associated to said mobile element (3) of the
gangway (1).