Electrical conductors connector

Description

[0001] The invention to which this application relates is to the provision of a connector of the type which can be used to connect, electrically and mechanically, at least two electrical conductors so as to allow an electrical connection to be achieved between the respective conductors.

[0002] The provision of connectors for electrical conductors is well known and the particular type of connector which is used can be determined by the voltage level which is required to pass through the conductors and/or whether the connection is to be made while the conductors are live or when they are themselves unconnected from the electricity supply.

[0003] In this invention, the connector is for use in the connection of electrical conductors which are live throughout the connection process and it will therefore be appreciated that there is a need for good safety provisions for the personnel who will be performing the connection.

[0004] It is envisaged that the connector as herein described is of particular use for the connection of electrical conductors carrying less than 1,000 volts, said conductors typically used to connect branch conduction lines from a network electricity supply, although it should be appreciated that this is not the only use.

[0005] The connection of electrical conductors while live, can be achieved already using conventional connectors and connection processes. However, despite the use of safety clothing and specific methods, it is still frequently the case that arcing and/or the provision of sparks, and generally dangerous conditions can be created if the connection does not take place strictly in accordance with the suggested method. This causes danger to the personnel performing the connection and/or the adjacent personnel and premises. A further problem which is often experienced is that the electricity supply may often carry a load prior to, or as soon as the connection is made. The load can be created by one or numerous pieces of electrical apparatus which are in various premises connected to the network and which are switched on. The personnel conducting the live connection have no practical way of identifying what the particular load will be at the time of connection and therefore, as the occurrence of load can make the live connection more dangerous, there is a need to take into account the possibility of a load being present.

[0006] The applicant in their co-pending application No. EP0952627, provides a connector which has a switch incorporated therein, the operation of which occurs after mechanical connection of the said electrical conductors has been achieved in the connector. Once the mechanical connection has been achieved, the switch can be operated to cause a fast, snap action electrical connection. It is found that the provision of a snap action electrical connection reduces the chances of arcing and sparking occurring and also ensures a uniform achievement of electrical connection by each conductor of this arrangement.

[0007] Document GB2348056 discloses a connector which has two connector components, a first component which receives a first conductor and a second conductor connected to a second connector component. The second connector component receives a further conductor and the second connector component includes switching means therein.

[0008] The aim of the present invention is to provide an improved form of electrical conductor which renders the same more effective and more practically easy to use.

[0009] In a first aspect of the invention, there is a connector for the electrical connection of first and second electrical conductors, said connector having a body including a first means with jaw members for mechanical location of the first electrical conductor and a second means with jaw members for mechanical location of the second electrical conductor and electrical connection of the first and second electrical conductors, and a switch which, when actuated, causes electrical connection between said jaw members of the first and second means, said switch has a connector portion actuated by a biasing means, said biasing means is movable between a switch open position and a switch closed position in response to movement of a user actuated clamping component located with the body of the connector and a safety device is provided to prevent the clamping component from being actuated to move the biasing means to move the switch to the closed position until first and second clamping means have been moved to mechanically locate the conductors in the connector and characterised in that the clamping component is positioned to lie between the said first and second clamping means.

[0010] In one embodiment the movement of the switch occurs under the influence of an applied force which is released to act on the switch.

[0011] In one embodiment, at least one of the conductors is live throughout the connection process. Typically the outer housing and preferably all parts of the connector which could possibly be contacted by the user in use are formed of an insulated material.

[0012] Preferably the connector includes mechanical means in the form of first and second pairs of contact jaws, said jaws typically provided with piercing means so as to allow the same to pierce through insulating material on the electrical conductors to contact the conductive metal cores thereof, said pairs of jaws selectively movable to a closed position so as to allow electrical connection between the conductor cores.

[0013] In one embodiment, the clamping means provided for the said pairs of jaws, comprise respective first and second shear bolts mounted to be tightened into threaded apertures in the body of the connector.

[0014] In one embodiment, the clamping component for the switch is provided in the form of a further shear bolt which can be tightened into a threaded aperture and in turn apply force to biasing means acting on the switch.

[0015] In one embodiment, the biasing means is a leaf spring, said leaf spring mounted and/or of a form such that a predetermined force has to be applied to the same by the clamping component before the switch will be moved to a closed, electrically connecting position.

[0016] In an alternative preferred embodiment the biasing means is a coil spring which acts on the switch and which is held against the bias such that, when released, the spring accelerates the movement of the switch to a closed position to provide electrical connection.

[0017] In one embodiment, the safety device ensures that the switch cannot be actuated before the conductors are mechanically clamped in position with the jaws having made contact with the cores of the respective conductors.

[0018] In one embodiment, the safety device is provided on the clamping component for the switch and in one embodiment in the form of a protrusion which means that the same cannot be tightened beyond a predetermined limit to apply force on the switch.

[0019] In one embodiment the safety device is a plate which locates on the first and/or second clamping means and cannot move further until those clamping means for the conductors have first been tightened into position to make mechanical connection with the conductors.

[0020] In an alternative embodiment the safety device is a pin mounted on the clamping component for the switch and which, when in position, prevents the clamping component from actuating the switch to the closed position. Typically the pin has a portion to be gripped.

[0021] In a further embodiment of the invention, the connector includes a switch retainer, said retainer selectively releasable from a position with the switch and, when in position, said retainer acts to maintain the switch in an open position.

[0022] In one embodiment, the retainer is of an insulating material, having a tab which lies to maintain the switch in an open position within the connector and a tag protruding from the connector, said tag being selectively manipulated by the user to remove the retaining means from the connector and hence free the switch so that the same can subsequently be moved to a closed position.

[0023] It should be appreciated that the retaining means does not specifically act against the biasing means in normal condition but rather if the switch was to be moved from the open position, the retaining means prevents the same from being moved. This is an important feature as, for safety reasons, it is important that the switch is open when the initial mechanical connection of the electrical conductors is taking place with the connector.

[0024] Specific embodiments of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:-

Figures 1a - b illustrate elevation and sectional end elevation along line AA of a first embodiment of an electrical connector;

Figure 2 illustrates a perspective view of the connector of Figure 1 with certain components removed for ease of reference; and

Figures 3a and b illustrate a further embodiment of the invention.

[0025] Referring now to the drawings, in both embodiments, the electrical connector comprises a body 2 formed of first and second parts 4, 6. Each of the parts has a pair of jaw members, 8, 10, said jaw members having teeth 12 formed therein. First and second clamping means 16, 18 are provided, said clamping means provided in the form of shear bolts which can be screwed into threaded apertures 20, 22 in the body 2 to bring the first and second parts 4, 6 together and the jaws into contact with electrical conductors which are placed along channels 26, 28. The teeth of the jaws protrude through any insulation material of the conductors and into contact with the electrically conductive core of the conductors.

[0026] A further clamping component 30 is provided which, in this case, lies between the first and second clamping means. The clamping component is provided to be selectively screwed into the body of the connector to apply force to a switch 34.

[0027] In Figures 1 a-b and 2 the force on the switch is applied via a resilient leaf spring 36. The clamping component 30 is provided with a safety device 40 which prevents the clamping component from being screwed into the body 2, until the clamping means 26, 28 are first screwed into the body as the safety device is in the form of a protrusion or protruding ring which depends outwardly to a sufficient distance such that the same cannot be moved past the heads or bodies 32 of the clamping means 26, 28.

[0028] This therefore ensures that the switch cannot be closed until the electrical conductors are mechanically connected in the connector. When possible, the clamping component is screwed into the body but, before doing so, a retaining means 42 has to be removed by gripping the tag 44 and hence removing the tab 46 from a position lying intermediate the switch and an electrically connecting plate 48 of the body connected electrically to the jaws 8, 10 and hence the electrical conductors. The retaining means is provided to maintain the switch in an open position during transit and initial fixing so as to prevent the switch from moving to a closed position before the user of the connector is ready for it to do so.

[0029] With the retaining means removed, the clamping component can then be screwed down and as it does so, it starts to apply a force on the leaf spring. However, it is only when the clamping force applied reaches a particular level that the leaf spring will actuate the switch. When this level is reached, the switch is moved to a closed position in a snap action manner under the influence of the leaf spring, thereby ensuring that the connection which is achieved is quick and efficient as required for safe operation.

[0030] Referring now to Figures 3a and b there is shown an alternative, preferred embodiment of a switch actuation means in accordance with the invention. In this case the connector is provided with a safety device in the form of a pin 50 which passes into the clamping component 30 and contacts with a protrusion 52 formed on the part 4. With the pin in position the clamping component is prevented from being moved further in the direction of arrow 54 shown in Figure 3b.

[0031] Furthermore the switch 34 which is attached to the end of the clamping component 30 via screw 56 is prevented from being moved under the influence of the biasing coiled spring 58. Thus, the switch is retained in an open position while the pin is in the position shown. The coil spring 58 is biased at this time and is held in the biased position by the positioning of the pin. In order to allow the electrical connection to be achieved, once the mechanical connection of the conductors 60, 62 shown in Figure 3b, in the teeth 12 of jaws 6, 8 has been achieved, the pin 50 needs to be released.

[0032] When the pin 50 is removed by the user, typically by gripping portion 60 and moving the pin in the direction of arrow 62, the switch 56 is free to move and is forced in the direction 54 under the influence of the biasing spring 58, to the closed position with the connector portion 59 in contact with the electrical contact surface 64 and hence achieve the electrical connection which is required between the conductors 60, 62. In this embodiment the retaining means 42 need not necessarily be provided.

[0033] The release of the biased coil spring 50 causes a quick electrical connection to be achieved. The clamping means 30 can initially be moved in the opposite direction to 54 in order to increase the bias on the spring 50 to an extent required and the pin inserted to retain the same in that position such that, when the pin is released, a fast movement action on the switch is achieved in direction 54.

[0034] It should be appreciated that this method and use of the apparatus will be performed to achieve a live connection between electrical conductors.

[0035] Typically, the clamping forces applied on the electrical conductors in the body and also the clamping force required to be applied to the leaf spring to cause operation of the switch, will be selected in accordance with particular operating requirements and it should be appreciated that the clamping force applied by the clamping means on the conductors need not be the same as the clamping force applied to the leaf spring to operate the switch.

Claims

1. A connector for the electrical connection of first and second electrical conductors (60,62), said connector having a body (2) including a first means (16) with jaw members (8,10) for mechanical location of the first electrical conductor and a second means (18) with jaw members (8,10) for mechanical location of the second electrical conductor and electrical connection of the first and second electrical conductors, and a switch, (34) which, when actuated, causes electrical connection between said jaw members of the first and second means, said switch has a connector portion actuated by a biasing means (36, 58), said biasing means is movable between a switch open position and a switch closed position in response to movement of a user actuated clamping component (30) located with the body (2) of the connector and a safety device (40) is provided to prevent the clamping component (30) from being actuated to move the biasing means to move the switch to the closed position until first and second clamping means (26,28) have been moved to mechanically locate the conductors (60,62) in the connector and characterised in that the clamping component (30) is positioned to lie between the said first and second clamping means (26,28).

2. A connector according to claim 1 characterised in that the movement of the switch occurs once a force is released by user actuation and is then applied by the said clamping component on to the switch.

3. A connector according to claim 1 characterised in that an outer bousing of the connector is formed of an insulating material.

4. A connector according to claim 3 characterised in that said pairs of jaws are selectively movable to a closed position so as to allow the mechanical connection between the conductor cores.

5. A connector according to claim 3 characterised in that the clamping means (26,28) are provided with said pairs of jaws, said means comprising respective first and second shear bolts mounted to be tightened into threaded apertures in the body of the connector.

6. Apparatus according to claim 1 characterised in that the clamping component (30) for the switch is provided to be initially moved to create a force on the biasing means provided to act on the switch.

7. A connector according to claim 6 characterised in that the biasing means is a leaf spring.

8. A connector according to claim 6 characterised in that the biasing means is a coil spring.

9. A connector according to claim 1 characterised in that the safety device is provided on the clamping component for the switch.

10. A connector according to claim 9 characterised in that the safety device is provided in the form of a member to prevent the clamping component and biasing means being moved beyond a predetermined limit to apply force on the switch.

11. A connector according to 10 characterised in that the safety device is a plate which locates on the first and/or second clamping means and cannot move beyond a predetermined limit until those clamping means have first been tightened into position to make the mechanical connection with the conductors.

Ansprüche

1. Verbinder (4) zum elektrischen Verbinden eines ersten und eines zweiten elektrischen Leiters (60, 62), wobei der genannte Verbinder einen Körper (2) mit einer ersten Einrichtung (16) mit Backenelementen (8, 10) zum mechanischen Fixieren des ersten elektrischen Leiters und einer zweiten Einrichtung (18) mit Backenelementen (8, 10) zum mechanischen Fixieren des zweiten elektrischen Leiters und zum elektrischen Verbinden des ersten und des zweiten elektrischen Leiters und einen Schalter (34) hat, der bei Betätigung die elektrische Verbindung zwischen den genannten Backenelementen der ersten und der zweiten Einrichtung verursacht, wobei der genannte Schalter einen Verbinderteil hat, der von einer Vorspanneinrichtung (36, 58) betätigt wird, wobei die genannte Vorspaimeinrichtung als Reaktion auf die Bewegung eines am Körper (2) des Verbinders angeordneten benutzerbatätigten Klemmteils (30) zwischen einer offenen Schalterstellung und einer geschlossenen Schalterstellung bewegbar ist, und eine Schutzeinrichtung (40) bereitgestellt ist, um zu verhindern, dass das Klemmteil (30) zum Bewegen der Vorsparmeinrichtung zum Bewegen des Schalters auf die geschlossene Stellung betätigt wird, bis das erste und das zweite Klemmmittel (26, 28) bewegt wurden, um die Leiter (60, 62) in dem Verbinder mechanisch zu fixieren, und dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Klemmteil (30) so positioniert ist, dass es zwischen dem genannten ersten und dem genannten zweiten Klemmmittel (26, 28) liegt.

2. Verbinder nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bewegung des Schalters stattfindet, sobald durch Benutzerbetätigung eine Kraft freigesetzt wird und dann von dem genannten Klemmteil auf den Schalter angewendet wird.

3. Verbinder nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein äußeres Gehäuse des Verbinders aus einem Isoliermaterial hergestellt ist.

4. Verbinder nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das genannte Backenpaar selektiv auf eine geschlossene Stellung bewegbar ist, um die mechanische Verbindung zwischen den Leiterkernen zu ermöglichen.

5. Verbinder nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Klemmmittel (26, 28) mit dem genannten Backenpaar versehen sind, wobei die genannten Klemmmittel jeweilige erste und zweite Scherbolzen aufweisen, die zum Festziehen in mit Gewinde versehene Öffnungen im Körper des Verbinders montiert sind.

6. Verbinder nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Klemmteil (30) für den Schalter bereitgestellt ist, um anfänglich zum Erzeugen einer Kraft an der Vorspanneinrichtung bewegt zu werden, die zum Wirken auf den Schalter vorgesehen ist.

7. Verbinder nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorspanneinrichtung eine Blattfeder ist.

8. Verbinder nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, das die Vorspanneinrichtung eine Schraubenfeder ist.

9. Verbinder nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schutzeinrichtung an dem Klemmteil für den Schalter bereitgestellt ist.

10. Verbinder nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schutzeinrichtung in der Form eines Elements zum Verhindern, dass das Klemmteil und die Vorspanneinrichtung über eine vorbestimmte Grenze hinaus bewegt werden, um Kraft auf den Schalter anzuwenden, bereitgestellt ist.

11. Verbinder nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schutzeinrichtung eine Platte ist, die auf dem ersten und/oder zweiten Klemmmittel liegt und sich nicht über eine vorbestimmte Grenze hinaus bewegen kann, bis diese Klemmmittel in Solllage festgezogen worden sind, um die mechanische Verbindung mit den Leitern herzustellen.

Revendications

1. Connecteur pour assurer la connexion électrique d'un premier et d'un second conducteurs électriques (60, 62), ledit connecteur présentant un corps (2) englobant des premiers moyens (16) avec des éléments mâchoires (8, 10) pour permettre le positionnement mécanique du premier conducteur électrique et des seconds moyens (18) avec des éléments mâchoires (8, 10) pour permettre le positionnement mécanique du second conducteur électrique ainsi qu'une connexion électrique des premier et second conducteurs électriques, et un commutateur (34) qui, lors de son actionnement, provoque une connexion électrique entre lesdits éléments mâchoires des premiers et seconds moyens, ledit commutateur possédant une portion connecteur laquelle est actionnée par des moyens de sollicitation (36, 58), lesdits moyens de sollicitation pouvant être déplacés entre une position de commutateur ouvert et une position de commutateur fermé en réaction au mouvement d'un composant de serrage (30) actionné par un utilisateur qui est positionné avec le corps (2) du connecteur et un dispositif de sécurité (40) est prévu pour éviter que le composant de serrage (30) ne soit actionné de sorte à déplacer les moyens de sollicitation afin de déplacer le commutateur vers la position fermée jusqu'à ce que les premiers et seconds moyens de serrage (26, 28) aient été déplacés pour positionner mécaniquement les conducteurs (60, 62) dans le connecteur, et caractérisé en ce que le composant de serrage (30) est positionné de sorte à se trouver entre lesdits premiers et seconds moyens de serrage (26, 28).

2. Connecteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le mouvement du commutateur se produit dès qu'un actionnement de la part d'un utilisateur a permis de libérer la force et qu'elle est ensuite appliquée par ledit composant de serrage sur le commutateur.

3. Connecteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'un logement externe du connecteur est constitué d'un matériau isolant.

4. Connecteur selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que lesdites paires de mâchoires peuvent être déplacées de façon sélective vers une position fermée de sorte à permettre le raccordement mécanique entre les âmes des conducteurs.

5. Connecteur selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de serrage (26, 28) sont dotés desdites paires de mâchoires, lesdits moyens de serrage comprenant des premier et second boulons de cisaillement respectifs lesquels sont montés pour être serrés dans les ouvertures filetées ménagées dans le corps du connecteur.

6. Connecteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le composant de serrage (30) pour le commutateur est destiné à être déplace initialement pour créer une force sur les moyens de sollicitation destinés à agir sur le commutateur.

7. Connecteur selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de sollicitation sont un ressort à lames.

8. Connecteur selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de sollicitation sont un ressort hélicoïdal.

9. Connecteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de sécurité est prévu sur le composant de serrage pour le commutateur.

10. Connecteur selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de sécurité est prévu sous la forme d'un élément destiné à empêcher tout déplacement du composant de serrage et des moyens de sollicitation au-delà d'une limite prédéterminée afin d'appliquer une certaine force sur le commutateur.

11. Connecteur selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de sécurité est une plaque qui se positionne sur les premiers et/ou les seconds moyens de serrage et ne peut pas se déplacer au-delà d'une limite prédéterminée jusqu'à ce que ces moyens de serrage aient d'abord été assujettis en position pour établir le raccordement mécanique avec les conducteurs.

Drawing