[0001] This invention has as object an adjustable device for the priming of pumps, device
that includes an ejector with a suction inlet and an outlet, communicating through
a conduit for conveying and exhausting a fluid that has been aspired from a pump and/or
from its suction pipe, using the vacuum effect produced inside the said ejector by
mean the passage of compressed air. To permit the operation of ejector is also provided
an external source of compressed air connected to a feeding valve of the ejector,
and between suction inlet and outlet there is also an injection nozzle for injecting
compressed air into the conduit, having the injection nozzle a predetermined flow
section, see
US6682313B1 with the closest prior art.
[0002] The use of air ejector for the priming of pumps is a common application in pumping
systems, widely used in marine/naval systems but also used in industrial systems,
to evacuate the air from the suction pipe of the pumps to obtain their complete filling
with the liquid and thus to permit the correct start of the pump and the correct working
of the system.
[0003] Such priming operation is required in various pumping systems, such as pumps installed
above the level of the liquid they have to pump, or in the case of pumps having a
suction pipe that does not remain complete full of liquid after valves opening, or
pumps that at the starting time have air trapped inside their casing, or pumps that
are subject to the formation of air pockets during operation.
[0004] Generally be used for the priming of such pumps ejectors with a suction inlet connected
to the pump and communicating to an outlet through a conduit, in which there is an
other inlet for the injection of a high speed fluid, such as compressed air.
The injection of said high speed fluid occurs downstream of inlet nozzle and due to
the Venturi effect produces vacuum or low pressure zone, depending by the speed of
the injected fluid, able to suck the air at the ejector inlet and as consequence able
to remove the air present in the pump suction pipe.
[0005] Such ejector priming devices have the drawbacks of an excess consumption of compressed
air required for the air suction, because is not possible to adjust the suction capacity
of the ejector, neither is possible to adjust the proper vacuum level to realize a
correct priming of the pump, according to the actual suction height of each specific
installation.
[0006] Such problem is well known on small and medium size ships, where the compressed air
excess consumption can not be acceptable or possible.
There is so an unmet necessity to realize a priming device as per above description,
that permits to optimize the injection of the required compressed air, according to
the priming requirements of the pump, decreasing in this way its consumption and increasing
the energy efficiency of the pumping system.
[0007] The invention achieves the above purposes, designing a pumps priming device as described
above, where the injection nozzle is adjustable in its flow area, that consists of
an annular channel in the peripheral surface of the conduit, being said conduit composed
by two parts, i.e. a first part and a second part, which can be moved towards and/or
away from each other with the scope of modify the flow section of said channel.
[0008] As the nozzle is responsible of the quantity of compressed air consumed by the ejector
to produce the vacuum that permits the evacuation of the air present inside the suction
pipe of the pump to be primed, the adjustment of the opening of the said nozzle permits
to adjust the flow of compressed air, optimizing its consumption and setting the vacuum
grade necessary to perform the pump priming.
[0009] Advantageously the injection nozzle flow area is adjustable due to the co-operation
of the two parts of the ejector, which the first part has an end, located downstream
the ejector inlet nozzle, which form a male conic surface, while the second part has
a female conic surface facing the previous end of the first part.
[0010] The two surfaces are thus complementary and their approaching or moving away, respectively
permits the reduction or the increasing of injection nozzle flow area.
[0011] Preferably the compressed air is injected inside the ejector conduit by mean the
injection nozzle, through a feeding chamber connected to the said nozzle, which has
annular shape and surrounds the conduit upstream from the end of the first part.
[0012] Consequently such feeding chamber is connected to the ejector conduit by mean the
annular channel forming the adjustable flow section of the injection nozzle of the
compressed air, which in turn is injected into the feeding chamber through the feeding
valve.
[0013] In detail the moving towards or away of the two parts occurs in the flow direction
of the air to be aspired from the pump, so the first part and the second part are
approachable between them along the axis of the ejector conduit, from inlet nozzle
to the outlet of the same ejector.
[0014] As consequence is possible to identify a position of minimum and maximum distance
of the two parts.
[0015] According to a preferred design of the device object of this invention, the first
part has smaller dimension of the second part, so that during the movement the first
part can at least partially enter into the second part. Moreover the first part male
end, located downstream the suction nozzle can enter inside the female end of the
second part facing the end of the first part.
[0016] According to a design improvement it is foreseen an external cover sleeve, coaxial
with the first part and with the second part, that is coaxial with the ejector conduit
and with the movement axis of the two parts, that is along the same direction of fluid
flow. Such cover sleeve at least partially surrounds the outside surfaces of the two
said parts forming the feeding chamber, that is in communication with the feeding
valve for the introducing of the compressed air into the ejector.
[0017] According to a possible construction, the first part and the second part are made
with a tubular element, delimited by an outer and an inner surface and an internal
conduit determined by the same inner surface. The first part is in the form of conical
male spout, while the inner surface of the second part has a radial throat substantially
in the middle, so that the second part has a shape like a female conical funnel, acting
as a housing for the said conical spout of the first part.
[0018] While moving of the two parts, the outer surface of the nozzle cone cooperates with
the tapered inner surface of the funnel and their particular form allows to find contacts
in the condition of closest approach between the two parts.
[0019] The space provided between the tapered outer surface of the nozzle and the inner
surface of the funnel represents the conical flow channel of the injection nozzle,
so that configuration allows to seal the feeding chamber when the outer surface of
the conical nozzle is in contact with the tapered inner surface of the funnel, while
allowing the compressed air flow in the ejector conduit in a controlled quantity,
when the first part and second part are not in the closest position.
[0020] Therefore the second part appears as a tubular element which has a radial throat
between the inlet and the outlet, so it has two radial enlargements at the ends, both
in the form of a female tapered funnel, the first of which, around the conical nozzle,
has two different inclinations to form with the outer surface of the nozzle a conical
annular channel with decreasing-increasing section in the direction of compressed
air flow.
[0021] As will see later, that shape beside give advantages to the control of the flow section
area of the compressed air, also enhances the level of vacuum attainable in the central
conduit, using the principle of the De Laval nozzle and the Venturi effect. Furthermore,
the second part with its tubular shape, having a first section that narrows and then
widens, contributes to increase the vacuum in the area facing the conical nozzle and
increase the flow of aspirated fluid.
[0022] According to an improved design, the device for pumps priming object of the present
invention, provides an element of the pressure switch type or similar, connected to
the pump discharge with the scope of actuating the compressed air supply valve. In
particular, the pressure switch enables an automatic operation of the whole device.
[0023] The device is activated prior or concurrently the start up of the pump, to permit
the evacuation of the air inside the suction pipe of the pump. The pressure switch
installed on the pump discharge can be set such that when the pressure reaches a certain
value, it switches off the feeding valve to which is connected, stopping the working
of the ejector, supposing that the achievement of a certain level of pressure indicates
the complete priming of the pump.
[0024] Preferably the connection between the pressure switch and the feeding valve is an
electrical type connection and the feeding valve is a solenoid valve. In the construction
realization here disclosed, the pressure switch is an element external to the device,
while in other possible realizations the same pressure switch could be integrated
into the same priming device and could be connected to the pump discharge by mean
of an hydraulic conduit.
[0025] According to this design, the on-off valve of the aspirated fluid is a pneumatic
type, controlled by the same compressed air used to generate the vacuum inside the
ejector conduit; however are possible variants that include the use of electrical
type valves.
[0026] According to a further improvement, a control element can be provided for the movement
of the second part towards the first part. Such control element can be manually actuated
to permit an operator to manually adjust the opening of the flow section of the injection
nozzle. A possible realization of this control element can be a threaded connection
between the two parts.
[0027] It is possible to provide stop elements on the outer surface of the second part and/or
on the inner surface of the cover sleeve acts to limit the displacement of the second
part relative to the first part, avoiding for example, that the second part for the
excessive movement can go off-site or that may damage the contact surfaces due to
an excessive approach of the second part to the first part.
[0028] It can also include a locking device for the position of second part towards the
first part, in order to adjust the opening of the nozzle in a determined position
to achieve the vacuum level and the suction air flow desired by the operator.
[0029] To allow a sliding seal of the second part with the cover sleeve is possible to provide
the some gasket elements such o-ring or similar, mounted between the outer surface
of the second part and the inner surface of the cover sleeve.
[0030] A further refinement of the device concerns the automatic adjustment of the position
of the two parties that limit the flow section of the compressed air injection nozzle.
[0031] One of the possible realizations of such improvement requires that the movable part
of the ejector is controlled by the vacuum level present in the conduit of the ejector
itself or in the pump which it is sucking from. The automatic nozzle would completely
close its flow section once it reaches the maximum vacuum or the desired vacuum, and
then automatically and gradually re-open when the vacuum level tends to decrease.
Automatic operation would allow an additional compressed air saving, being able to
adapt continuously the performance of the ejector to the system conditions.
[0032] It is important to emphasize that the pump priming device object of the present invention
can be installed on pipes of different types of pumps, such as horizontal or vertical
pumps, either directly on the pumps thyself. Can be provide an exhaust line that connects
the suction pipe or the pump to the on-off valve, enabling the entry of the fluid
to be evacuated into the ejector.
[0033] The invention also relates to other features that further refine the pumps priming
device above described and that are object of the following claims.
[0034] These and other features and advantages of the present invention will be more clear
from the following description of some construction examples illustrated in the attached
drawings where:
fig. 1 illustrates the pumps priming device object of the present invention according
to one possible construction realization;
fig.2 illustrates a section view of the construction realization of fig. 1;
figg. from 3 to 6 show various installations of the device object of the present invention.
[0035] With reference to figures 1 to 6, the pumps priming device subject of the present
invention includes an ejector 1 which has a suction inlet 111 and an outlet 121, connected
by a conduit 13 for the passage and expulsion of the fluid aspirated from the suction
pipe 51 of a pump 5 through that ejector 1; the suction inlet 111 of the ejector 1
communicates with the suction 51 of a pump 5 through an on-off valve 2.
[0036] This on-off valve 2 with its opening and/or closing enables the passage inside the
ejector 1, particularly within the conduit 13, of the fluid aspirated from the suction
pipe 51 of the pump 5, or intercepts such passage.
[0037] The ejector 1 is connected to an external source of compressed air via a feeding
valve 3, for the supply of the compressed air inside the conduit 13 through an injection
nozzle 116, located between the suction inlet 111 and the outlet 121.
[0038] Such injection nozzle 116 is adjustable regarding to the flow section that consists
of a annular channel on the peripheral surface of the conduit 13, which in turn consists
of two parts, of which a first part 11 and a second part 12, together approachable
and/or removable between them to vary the flow area of the annular channel.
[0039] The injection nozzle 116 is formed by one end 112 of the first part 11 downstream
of the suction inlet 111 and one end 122 of the second part 12 facing the end 112.
Such ends 112 and 122 form two tapered surfaces, a male and a female, that can move
one toward the other one.
[0040] With particular reference to figures 1 and 2, the injection nozzle communicates with
a compressed air feeding chamber 113 which is annular and surrounds the conduit 13
upstream of the injection nozzle 116.
[0041] Such feeding chamber 113 is then in communication with the conduit 13 of the ejector
1 through the annular channel constituting the adjustable flow section area of the
injection nozzle 116, for the injection of the compressed air which in turn is supplied
inside the feeding chamber 113 through the feeding valve 3.
[0042] The removal and/or the approach of the first part 11 and the second part 12, is in
the flow direction of the fluid to be aspired from the pump 5, so the first part 11
and the second part 12 are adjustable along the axis of the conduit 13 of the ejector
1, from suction inlet 111 to the outlet 121 of the same ejector.
[0043] Consequently, it is possible to identify a position of closest approach of the parts
11 and 12, which corresponds to the position where the part 12 arrives in contact
with the part 11 and a position of maximum distance determined by a limiting device
that restricts the movement of the part 12. In particular, the first part 11 has the
end 112 smaller than the end 122 of the second part 12 in such a way that, during
the approach and/or the moving away, the end 112 of the first part 11 remains inside
the second part 12.
[0044] According to the construction realization here described, is provided a cover sleeve
14 coaxial with the first part 11 and the second part 12, which partially surrounds
the external surfaces of these parts 11 and 12, in such a way that delimits, with
the outer surfaces of these parts 11 and 12, the feeding chamber 113 which is in communication
with the feeding valve 3 for the compressed air injection into the ejector 1.
[0045] With particular reference to figure 2, the first part 11 is composed by a tubular
element which has an inner surface 114 and an outer surface 115, as well as the second
part 12 is composed by a tubular element which has an inner surface 124 and a outer
surface 125.
[0046] The first part 11 is in the form of tapered nozzle, while the inner surface 124 of
the second part 12 is in the form of a substantially radial throat in the central
area, so that the second part 12 has at the end 122 a zone with conical funnel shape
for the insertion of the conical nozzle of the first part 1.
[0047] The inner surface 124 of the end 122 of the part 12, has conical funnel shape with
two different inclinations.
[0048] When moving the two parts 11 and 12, the outer surface 115 of conical nozzle cooperates
with the inner surface of the conical funnel and their particular shape permit their
contact in the position of closest approach between the two parts 11 and 12. The space
between the conical outer surface 115 of the nozzle and the conical inner surface
124 of the conical funnel, is the flow conical channel of the injection nozzle which
has a sloped profile with decreasing-increasing section area due to two different
inclinations of the inner surface 124 of the end 122 of the part 12; in addition,
this configuration concurs to seal the feeding chamber 113 when the outer surface
115 of the conical nozzle is in contact with the conical inner surface 124 of the
funnel, whereas allows the injection of controllable quantities of compressed air
inside the conduit 13 of the ejector 1 when the first part 11 and the second part
12 are not in the closest position.
[0049] The second part 12, as per the construction realization described in the figure,
appears as a tubular element which has a radial throat in a substantially central
area, so it has two radial enlargements at the ends, both in the form of conical funnels.
[0050] Consequently, the second part 12 provides a "convergent-divergent" conduit indicating
with these terms the particular form of such second part 12 which has two radial enlargements
at the extremities of a conduit that looks like a radial throat.
The radial enlargements in the figure corresponding to the ends 122 and 121 of the
ejector 1 may be of different dimensions and have predetermined angles depending on
the performance required to the device. With particular reference to the construction
realization illustrated in figures from 1 to 6, the pumps priming device provides
an element of the pressure switch type 4 connected to the outlet 52 of the pump 5
for controlling the operation of the feeding valve 3.
[0051] In the construction realization here described, the position setting of the part
12 relative to the part 11 is achieved by a threading connection 117 between the part
12 and the cover sleeve 14. Furthermore is present a blocking element 6 to retain
the part 12 in position respecting to the first part 11 after the manual setting of
the device.
[0052] To permit a sliding seal of the second part 12 with the cover sleeve 14, some o-ring
seal elements 15 or similar are required, positioned between the outer surface 125
of the second part 12 and the inner surface of the cover sleeve 14.
[0053] With particular reference to figures 3 to 6, the pumps priming device object of the
present invention can be installed on pipes 51 and 52 of different types of pumps,
such as horizontal or vertical pumps, as shown in figures 3 and 4 either directly
on the pump, as shown in figures 5 and 6.
[0054] It is also provided a suction line 7 which connects the pump or the suction pipe
51 to the on-off valve 2, which permits the entry of the fluid to be aspirated into
the ejector 1.
[0055] The priming device is activated before or concurrently the activation of the pump
5 to permit the evacuation of the air inside the suction pipe 51 of the same pump.
The pressure switch 4 installed on the pump discharge 52 is set such that when the
pressure reaches a certain value on the discharge 52, the pressure switch 4 disables
the compressed air feeding valve 3 which is connected to, arresting the operation
of the ejector 1 because the achievement of a certain level of pressure on the pump
discharge indicates that the pump priming has been completed. In the construction
realization here described, the connection between the pressure switch 4 and the feeding
valve 3 is an electrical connection and the feeding valve 3 is constituted by a solenoid
valve.
[0056] According to figures 1 to 6 the pressure switch is electrically connected to the
feeding valve 3 through a terminal box 8.
[0057] If there is no pressure in the pump 5 or in the discharge line 52 where the pressure
switch 4 is installed, this opens the feeding valve 3 allowing compressed air to flow
through the ejector 1 producing the vacuum in the downstream zone of the injection
nozzle. The same compressed air opens the on-off valve 2 connecting the area where
there is the vacuum with the suction connection on the pump 5 or on the pipe 51.
[0058] The vacuum created inside the ejector, exhausts air from the pump 5 and from pipe
51, making the liquid raising along the pipe. To perform the priming, it is required
that in the discharge pipe 52 is installed a check valve, not shown in the figures,
not too far from the pump 5 which does not permit air intake from line 52. In the
absence of check valve, it is required the interception of the discharge pipe 52 with
manual or automatic shut-off valves.
[0059] If the pump 5 has not started simultaneously with the ejector 1, it can be started
with some delay when it is full of liquid.
[0060] At a time when the liquid fills the running pump 5, this begins to pump increasing
the pressure at the discharge 52. When the pressure reaches the set value of the pressure
switch 4, this stops the compress air flow through the feeding valve 3 and then disable
the ejector 1 closing also the on-off valve 2.
[0061] If the discharge pressure 52 falls due to the arrival of air aspired by the pump
5, the pressure switch 4 activates the ejector 1 starting again the priming cycle.
[0062] With particular reference to figures 1 to 6 here below is detailed the operation
of the device object of the present invention.
[0063] When the feeding valve 3 is open, the compressed air flows in an annular channel
formed by the outer surface of the first part 11 and the inner surface of the end
122 of the second part 12. By mean the threaded element 117, the position of the second
part 12 can be modified with respect to the first part 11 so that the first part 11
can be inserted more or less deeply the second part 12. The compressed air leaves
the feeding chamber 113, passes in the injection nozzle 116 and enters with high-speed
in the convergent-divergent channel of the second part 12, producing a vacuum that
moves the aspirated fluid which mixes to before being expelled through outlet 121.
[0064] The second part 12 is screwed into the cover sleeve 14 and is secured in position
by a locking device 6, which may for example be a locknut. A sliding seal element
15 of the o-ring type makes the seal of the feeding chamber 113 between the second
part 12 and the cover sleeve 14.
[0065] Since the vacuum produced inside the ejector 1 depends on the geometry of the conduit
13 and on the injection nozzle 116 and also on the distance between the first part
11 and second part 12, the approach and/or the movement of these two parts change
the performance of the ejector 1 regarding vacuum and aspired air capacity.
[0066] In the realization presented in figures 1 and 2, the suction inlet 111 is connected
to the valve via a threaded elbow 9.
[0067] According to a construction realization the on-off valve 2 consists of a pneumatic
actuator 21 mounted on a casing 22 and a seat 23. The actuator is connected via a
tubing to the feeding chamber 113 in order to be operated by the same compressed air
coming from the opening the feeding valve 3.
[0068] The on-off valve 2 is used to intercept the conduit that connects the ejector 1 with
the suction line 7, to avoid entering the air into the pump 5 when this is running
and the ejector is turned off and also to avoid leakages of fluid in the external
environment.
1. Pump priming device, comprising a compressed-air ejector (1) that has a suction inlet
(111) and an outlet (121), communicating through a conduit (13) for carrying and ejecting
a fluid that has been sucked in by a pump (5) and/or its pipe (51) by the action of
the negative pressure created by the ejector,
the suction inlet (111) of said ejector (1) communicating with the pump (5) and/or
the pipe (51) through an on-off valve (2),
the on and/or off states of said on-off valve (2) allowing the fluid sucked in by
the pump (5) to flow through said ejector (1) or preventing such flow respectively,
an external compressed air source being provided, which is connected through a feeding
valve (3) to said ejector (1),
an injection nozzle (116) for injecting compressed air into said conduit (13) being
provided between said suction inlet (111) and said outlet (121), and having a predetermined
flow sectional area,
characterized in that:
said injection nozzle (116) is adjustable in said flow sectional area, which flow
sectional area consists of an annular gap of the peripheral wall of said conduit (13),
said conduit (13) being composed of two parts, i.e. a first part (11) and a second
part (12), which may be moved towards and/or away from each other to change the lumen
of said gap.
2. A pump priming device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said injection nozzle (116) consists
of one end (112) of said first part (11) downstream from said suction inlet (111)
and one end (122) of said second part 812) facing towards the end (112) of said first
part (11),
said two ends forming two conical surfaces, a male and a female features, that move
relative to each other.
3. A pump priming device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein said injection nozzle (116)
communicates with a compressed air feeding chamber (113), which feeding chamber (113)
has an annular shape and surrounds said conduit (13) upstream from said end (112)
of said first part (11).
4. A pump priming device as claimed in one or more of the preceding claims, wherein said
first part (11) and said second part (12) cooperate by moving away from and/or towards
each other in the direction of flow suction.
5. A pump priming device as claimed in one or more of the preceding claims, wherein said
first part (11) and said second part (12) cooperate, with said second part (12) moving
away from and/or towards said first part (11) or vice versa, and define a closest
state and a farthest state.
6. A pump priming device as claimed in one or more of the preceding claims, wherein said
first part (11) is at least in part smaller than said second part (12), whereby said
first part (11) at least partially fits into said second part (12) as said second
part (12) moves towards and/or away from said first part (11).
7. A pump priming device as claimed in one or more of the preceding claims, wherein a
cover sleeve (14) is provided, which is coaxial with said first part (11) and said
second part (12), which cover sleeve (14) at least partially surrounds the outer surfaces
of said parts,
said cover sleeve (14) and the outer surfaces of said first part (11) and said second
part (12) forming said feeding chamber (113) in communication with said feeding valve
(3) for introducing compressed air into said ejector (1).
8. A pump priming device as claimed in one or more of the preceding claims, wherein said
first part (11) and said second part (12) are formed of a tubular element that has
an inner surface (114, 124) and an outer surface (115, 125) and a conduit delimited
by said inner surface,
said first part (11) being in the form of a conical spout,
the inner surface (124) of said second part (12) being radially tapered substantially
in the central area of said inner surface (124), whereby said second part (12) has
a conical funnel area, acting as a lead-in area for the conical spout of said first
part (11) so that the outer surface (115) of said conical spout can cooperate with
the inner surface (124) of said conical funnel,
the outer surface (115) of said conical spout being in contact with the inner surface
(124) of said conical funnel when said first part (11) and said second part (12) are
closest together,
said feeding chamber (113) being sealed when said second part (12) is closest to said
first part (11), and communicating with the conduit (13) downstream from said first
part (11) when there is no closest state.
9. A pump priming device as claimed in one or more of the preceding claims, wherein the
end (122) of said second part (12) has a conical funnel inner surface (124) with two
different inclinations, to create an oblique annular gap of decreasing-increasing
section with the outer surface (115) of the conical spout of said first part (11).
10. A pump priming device as claimed in one or more of the preceding claims, wherein a
pressure switch element (4) or the like is provided, which is connected to the discharge
(52) of the pump (5), for controlling the operation of said compressed air feeding
valve (3).
11. A pump priming device as claimed in one or more of the preceding claims, wherein a
threaded adjustment member (6) is provided for moving said second part (12) towards
and/or away from said first part (11),
said adjustment member (6) being manually operated.
12. A pump priming device as claimed in one or more of the preceding claims from 1 to
10, wherein an adjustment member is provided for moving said second part (12) towards
and/or away from said first part (11),
said adjustment member being automatically operated and said adjustment member being
controlled by vacuum conditions in said ejector (1) and/or said pump (5).
13. A pump priming device as claimed in one or more of the preceding claims, wherein abutment
elements are provided on the outer surface (125) of said second part (12) and/or the
inner surface of said cover sleeve (14) to limit the displacement of said second part
(12) relative to said first part (11).
14. A pump priming device as claimed in one or more of the preceding claims, wherein said
second part (12) sealably slides within said cover sleeve (14) due to the provision
of o-ring seal elements (15) or the like, between the outer surface (125) of said
second part (12) and the inner surface of said cover sleeve (14).
15. A pump priming device as claimed in one or more of the preceding claims, wherein said
ejector (1) is in communication with the suction (51) of a pump (5) through an on-off
valve (2) connected to said suction (51) through a feeding pipe (7).
1. Anlaufvorrichtung für Pumpen, umfassend einen Druckluftejektor (1) mit einem Saugeinlass
(111) und einem Auslass (121), die über eine Leitung (13) miteinander kommunizieren
zum Fördern und Austragen eines Fluides, das mittels einer Pumpe (5) und/oder ihres
Rohres (51) durch Einwirkung des vom Ejektor erzeugten negativen Druckes angesaugt
wird,
der Saugeinlass (111) des Ejektors (1) mit der Pumpe (5) und/oder dem Rohr (51) über
ein Auf/Zu-Ventil (2) kommuniziert,
die Auf- und/oder Zu-Zustände des Auf/Zu-Ventils (2) jeweils das Strömen des von der
Pumpe (5) angesaugten Fluides durch den Ejektor (1) ermöglichen oder dieses Strömen
verhindern,
eine externe Druckluftquelle vorgesehen ist, welche mit dem Ejektor (1) über ein Speiseventil
(3) verbunden ist,
eine Spritzdüse (116) zum Einspritzen von Druckluft in die Leitung (13) zwischen dem
Saugeinlass (111) und dem Auslass (121) vorgesehen ist und ein vorbestimmtes Strömungsquerschnittsbereich
aufweist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Spritzdüse (116) in ihrer Strömungsquerschnittsfläche einstellbar ist, wobei das
Strömungsquerschnittsbereich aus einem Ringspalt der Umfangswand der Leitung (13)
besteht,
die Leitung (13) aus zwei Teilen besteht, d. h. ein erstes Teil (11) und ein zweites
Teil (12), die zueinander und/oder auseinander bewegbar sind, um das Lumen des Spaltes
zu verändern.
2. Anlaufvorrichtung für Pumpen nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Spritzdüse (116) aus einem
Ende (112) des ersten Teils (11) stromabwärts des Saugeinlasses (111) und einem dem
Ende (112) des ersten Teils (11) zugewandten Ende (122) des zweiten Teils (12) besteht,
beide Enden zwei konische Flächen bilden, d. h. weibliche und männliche Oberflächenmerkmale,
welche relativ zueinander beweglich sind.
3. Anlaufvorrichtung für Pumpen nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei die Spritzdüse (116) mit
einer Druckluft-Zuführkammer (113) kommuniziert, welche Zuführkammer (113) eine ringförmige
Gestalt hat und die Leitung (13) stromaufwärts des Endes (112) des ersten Teils (11)
umgibt.
4. Anlaufvorrichtung für Pumpen nach einem oder mehr der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei
das erste Teil (11) und das zweite Teil (12) zusammenarbeiten, indem sie in Richtung
Strömungsabsaugung zueinander zu und/oder auseinander bewegen.
5. Anlaufvorrichtung für Pumpen nach einem oder mehr der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei
das erste Teil (11) und das zweite Teil (12) zusammenarbeiten, indem das zweite Teil
(12) auf das erste teil (11) zu und/oder von diesem fort bewegt und umgekehrt, und
einen am nächsten liegenden und einen am weitesten entfernten Zustand definieren.
6. Anlaufvorrichtung für Pumpen nach einem oder mehr der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei
das erste Teil (11) wenigstens teilweise kleiner als das zweite Teil (12) ist, wobei
das erste Teil (11) wenigstens teilweise in das zweite Teil (12) hineinpasst, wenn
das zweite Teil (12) sich auf das erste Teil (11) zu und/oder von diesem weg bewegt.
7. Anlaufvorrichtung für Pumpen nach einem oder mehr der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei
eine Abdeckhülse (14) vorgesehen ist, welche koaxial zum ersten Teil (11) und zum
zweiten Teil (12) angeordnet ist, und die Abdeckhülse (14) die äußeren Oberflächen
der genannten Teile wenigstens teilweise umschließt, und die Abdeckhülse (14) und
die äußeren Oberflächen des ersten Teils (11) und des zweiten Teils (12) die Zuführkammer
(113) bilden, welche mit dem Speiseventil (3) zum Einführen von Druckluft in den Ejektor
(1) kommuniziert.
8. Anlaufvorrichtung für Pumpen nach einem oder mehr der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
wobei das erste Teil (11) und das zweite Teil (12) aus einem rohrförmigen Element
geformt sind, das eine innere Oberfläche (114, 124) und eine äußere Oberfläche (115,
125) sowie eine durch die innere Oberfläche begrenzte Leitung aufweist,
das erste Teil (11) die Form eines konischen Auslasses aufweist,
die innere Oberfläche (124) des zweiten Teils (12) im wesentlichen im Zentralbereich
der inneren Oberfläche (124) radial verjüngt ist, wobei das zweite Teil (12) einen
konischen Trichterbereich aufweist, der als Einführbereich für den konischen Auslass
des ersten Teils (11) dient, so dass die äußere Oberfläche (115) des konischen Auslasses
mit der inneren Oberfläche (124) des konischen Trichters zusammenarbeiten kann,
die äußere Oberfläche (115) des konischen Auslasses mit der inneren Oberfläche (124)
des konischen Trichters in Kontakt steht, wenn das erste Teil (11) und das zweite
Teil (12) am nächsten zusammenliegen,
die Zuführkammer (113) abgedichtet ist, wenn das zweite Teil (12) am nächsten zum
ersten Teil (11) liegt, und mit der Leitung (13) stromabwärts des ersten Teils (11)
kommuniziert, wenn kein am nächsten liegender Zustand vorhanden ist.
9. Anlaufvorrichtung für Pumpen nach einem oder mehr der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei
das Ende (122) des zweiten Teils (12) eine konische Trichter-Innenoberfläche (124)
mit zwei verschiedenen Neigungen aufweist, um einen schrägen Ringspalt mit abnehmendem-zunehmendem
Querschnitt zusammen mit der äußeren Oberfläche (115) des konischen Auslasses des
ersten Teils (11) zu bilden.
10. Anlaufvorrichtung für Pumpen nach einem oder mehr der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei
ein Druckschaltelement (4) o. ä. vorgesehen ist, das mit dem Abfluss (52) der Pumpe
(5) zur Steuerung des Betriebs des Druckluft-Speiseventils (3) verbunden ist.
11. Anlaufvorrichtung für Pumpen nach einem oder mehr der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei
ein Gewindeeinstellglied (6) zum Bewegen des zweiten Teils (12) auf dem ersten Teil
(11) zu und/oder von diesem weg vorgesehen ist, und das Einstellglied (6) manuell
betätigt wird.
12. Anlaufvorrichtung für Pumpen nach einem oder mehr der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1 bis
10, wobei ein Einstellglied zum Bewegen des zweiten Teils (12) auf dem ersten Teil
zu und/oder von diesem weg vorgesehen ist,
wobei das Einstellglied automatisch betätigt wird und das Einstellglied durch Vakuumzustände
im Ejektor (1) und/oder in der Pumpe (5) gesteuert wird.
13. Anlaufvorrichtung für Pumpen nach einem oder mehr der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei
Anschlagelemente auf der äußeren Oberfläche (125) des zweiten Teils (12) und/oder
auf inneren Oberfläche der Abdeckhülse (14) zur Begrenzung der Verschiebung des zweiten
Teils (12) gegenüber dem ersten Teil (11) vorgesehen sind.
14. Anlaufvorrichtung für Pumpen nach einem oder mehr der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei
das zweite Teil (12) abdichtend innerhalb der Abdeckhülse (14) gleitet aufgrund der
Bereitstellung eines O-Ring-Dichtungselement (15) o. ä. zwischen der äußeren Oberfläche
(125) des zweiten Teils (12) und der inneren Oberfläche der Abdeckhülse (14).
15. Anlaufvorrichtung für Pumpen nach einem oder mehr der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei
der Ejektor (1) mit dem Sog (51) einer Pumpe (5) über ein Auf/Zu-Ventil (2) kommuniziert,
das mit dem Sog (51) über ein Zuführrohr (7) verbunden ist.
1. Dispositif d'amorçage de pompe, comprenant un éjecteur d'air comprimé (1), comportant
une entrée d'aspiration (111) et une sortie (121), communiquant à travers un conduit
(13) pour transporter et éjecter un fluide aspiré par une pompe (5) et/ou de son tuyau
(51) par l'action de la pression négative produite par l'éjecteur,
l'entrée d'aspiration (111) dudit éjecteur (1) communiquant avec la pompe (5) et/ou
le tuyau (51) à travers une soupape d'arrêt (2),
les états d'ouverture et de fermeture de ladite soupape d'arrêt (2) respectivement
permettant l'écoulement du fluide aspiré par la pompe (5) à travers ledit éjecteur
(1) ou empêchant cet écoulement,
une source d'air comprimé extérieure étant mise en place, qui est reliée à travers
une soupape d'alimentation (3) audit éjecteur (1),
une buse d'injection (116) pour injecter de l'air comprimé dans ledit conduit (13)
étant mise en place entre ladite entrée d'aspiration (111) et ladite sortie (121),
et présentant une surface de section d'écoulement prédéterminée,
caractérisé en ce que:
ladite buse d'injection (116) est réglable dans ladite surface de section d'écoulement,
ladite surface de section d'écoulement consistant d'un fente annulaire de la paroi
périphérique dudit conduit (13),
ledit conduit (13) étant composé de deux parties, c'est-à-dire une première partie
(11) et une seconde partie (12), pouvant s'approcher et s'éloigner l'une à/de l'autre
pour modifier la lumière de ladite fente.
2. Dispositif d'amorçage de pompe selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ladite buse d'injection
(116) est constituée d'une extrémité (112) de ladite première partie (11) en aval
de ladite entrée d'aspiration (111) et d'une extrémité (122) de ladite seconde partie
(12) faisant face à l'extrémité (112) de ladite première partie (11),
lesdites deux extrémités formant deux surfaces coniques, un élément mâle et un élément
femelle, se déplaçant l'un par rapport à l'autre.
3. Dispositif d'amorçage de pompe selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel ladite buse
d'injection (116) communique avec une chambre d'alimentation d'air comprimé (113),
ladite chambre d'alimentation d'air comprimé (113) comportant une forme annulaire
et entourant ledit conduit (13) en amont de ladite extrémité (112) de ladite première
partie (11).
4. Dispositif d'amorçage de pompe selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes,
dans lequel ladite première partie (11) et ladite seconde partie (12) coopèrent en
s'éloignant et/ou en s'approchant l'une de l'autre en direction d'aspiration.
5. Dispositif d'amorçage de pompe selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes,
dans lequel ladite première partie (11) et ladite seconde partie (12), avec ladite
seconde partie (12) s'approchant et/ou en s'éloignant de ladite première partie (11)
ou inversement, et définissant un état d'approche maximal et un état d'éloignement
maximal.
6. Dispositif d'amorçage de pompe selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes,
dans lequel ladite première partie (11) est au moins en partie plus petite que ladite
seconde partie (12), ladite première partie (11) s'insérant au moins en partie dans
ladite seconde partie (12) pendant l'approche et/ou l'éloignement de ladite seconde
partie (12) de ladite première partie (11).
7. Dispositif d'amorçage de pompe selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes,
dans lequel un manchon de couverture (14) est mis en place, qui est coaxial avec ladite
première partie (11) et avec ladite seconde partie (12), ledit manchon de couverture
(14) entourant au moins en partie les surfaces extérieures desdites parties,
ledit manchon de couverture (14) et les surfaces extérieures de ladite première partie
(11) et de ladite seconde partie (12) formant ladite chambre d'alimentation (113)
en communication avec ladite soupape d'alimentation (3) pour introduire de l'air comprimé
dans ledit éjecteur (1).
8. Dispositif d'amorçage de pompe selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes,
dans lequel ladite première partie (11) et ladite seconde partie (12) sont constituées
d'un élément tubulaire ayant une surface intérieure (114, 124) et une surface extérieure
(115, 125) et un conduit délimité par ladite surface intérieure,
ladite première partie (11) étant en forme de bec conique,
la surface intérieure (124) de ladite seconde partie (12) étant effilée en direction
radiale sensiblement dans la zone centrale de ladite surface (124), ladite seconde
partie (12) comportant une zone d'entonnoir conique, faisant fonction de surface d'entrée
pour le bec conique de ladite première partie (11) de manière que la surface extérieure
(115) dudit bec conique peut coopérer avec la surface intérieure (124) dudit entonnoir
conique,
la surface extérieure (115) dudit bec conique étant en contact avec la surface intérieure
(124) dudit entonnoir conique, quand ladite première partie (11) et ladite seconde
partie (12) sont en état d'approche maximal,
ladite chambre d'alimentation (113) étant étanche lorsque ladite seconde partie (12)
est en état d'approche maximal par rapport à ladite première partie (11) et communiquant
avec le conduit (13) en aval de ladite première parte (11) lorsqu'il n'y a pas d'état
d'approche maximal.
9. Dispositif d'amorçage de pompe selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes,
dans lequel l'extrémité (122) de ladite seconde partie (12) comporte une surface intérieure
d'entonnoir conique (124) ayant deux inclinaisons différentes, pour former une fente
annulaire oblique avec une section décroissante-croissante avec la surface extérieure
(115) du bec conique de ladite première partie (11).
10. Dispositif d'amorçage de pompe selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes,
dans lequel un élément pressostat (4) ou similaire est mis en place, qui est relié
au refoulement (52) de la pompe (5), pour régler le fonctionnement de ladite soupape
d'alimentation d'air comprimé (3).
11. Dispositif d'amorçage de pompe selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes,
dans lequel un organe de réglage fileté (6) est mis en place pour approcher et/ou
éloigner ladite seconde partie (12) de ladite première partie (11),
ledit organe de réglage (6) étant à actionnement manuel.
12. Dispositif d'amorçage de pompe selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes
1 à 10, dans lequel un organe de réglage est mis en place pour approcher et/ou éloigner
ladite seconde partie (12) de ladite première partie (11),
ledit organe de réglage étant à actionnement automatique et ledit organe de réglage
étant commandé par les conditions de vide dans ledit éjecteur (1) et/ou ladite pompe
(5).
13. Dispositif d'amorçage de pompe selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes,
dans lequel des éléments de butée sont mis en place sur la surface extérieure (125)
de ladite seconde partie (12) et/ou sur la surface inférieure dudit manchon de couverture
(14) pour limiter le déplacement de ladite seconde partie (12) par rapport à ladite
première partie (11).
14. Dispositif d'amorçage de pompe selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes,
dans lequel ladite seconde partie (12) coulisse de façon étanche à l'intérieur dudit
manchon de couverture (14) grâce à la présence d'éléments constitués par des joints
toriques (15) ou similaires, entre la surface extérieure (125) de ladite seconde partie
(12) et la surface intérieure dudit manchon de couverture (14).
15. Dispositif d'amorçage de pompe selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes,
dans lequel ledit éjecteur (1) est en communication avec l'aspiration (51) d'une pompe
(5) à travers une soupape d'arrêt (2) reliée avec ladite aspiration (51) par un tuyau
d'alimentation (7).