Ventilation device with internal heating system

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a passive ventilation device for use in a building, comprising a housing, a ventilation passage which extends through the housing between an inlet of the housing which is to be turned towards the exterior of the building and an outlet of the housing to be turned towards the interior of the building in order to provide an airflow between the inlet and the outlet, a flap for closing or opening the ventilation passage, as well as heating means incorporated in the housing, wherein the heating means are suspended from a thermally insulated support means and the heating means have heat-exchanging surfaces facing away from each other.

[0002] A passive ventilation device of this type is known from DE-U-20110569. This ventilation device is configured as a piece of pipe inside which several electric bulbs are suspended. This piece of pipe may be configured to be thermally insulated, so that it does not heat up, or only to a limited degree.

[0003] A further passive ventilation device is known from DE-A-3419001. On the side turned towards the interior of the building, this known ventilation device has a grate comprising grate openings via which the outside air can flow into the building. In order to prevent outside air at too low a temperature from entering the building and adversely affecting the comfort, a heating foil is attached to the inner surface of the grate. By applying an electrical voltage across said heating foil, the temperature of the foil and of the grate increases, as a result of which the air is heated before flowing into a building via the grate. This is intended to prevent draughts and/or cold air streams.

[0004] Despite the positive effect of such a heating system, there are nevertheless various drawbacks associated with this known ventilation device. Thus, the heating foil covers a part of the grate openings, which adversely affects the ventilation capacity. If desired, openings can be made in the foil, but this is a difficult operation which also carries the risk that the foil is damaged to such a degree that it no longer functions well. A further important drawback is that the grate itself also becomes hot. Since the grate is freely accessible from the space in the building, there is a risk that the user may burn himself when operating the ventilation device.

[0005] US-A-2011/0143643 discloses a ventilation port for a closable cooling device. A heating system is provided with the aim of preventing the closure element from freezing onto said cooling device. Said heating system is fitted to a heat-conducting support, so that the heat can readily heat the flap and the flap seat of the closure element. A passive ventilation device according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from DE 201 10 569 U1. It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a ventilation device of the abovementioned type, wherein the air can be heated sufficiently, the flow rate in the ventilation passage can be maintained at the desired level and the risk of burning of the user is also prevented. This object is achieved in that the thermally insulated support means has a thermal conductivity which is lower than that of the housing.

[0006] The ventilation device according to the invention can heat the incoming air before it reaches the space in question, without the temperature of the housing increasing significantly. The thermally insulated suspension ensures that the relatively high temperatures which the heating means has to reach to effectively heat the air, do not impact on the housing. Thus, the problem of the user burning himself is eliminated.

[0007] Such a thermally insulated support means may be configured in many different ways. The thermally insulated support means has a thermal conduction (W.m^-1.K^-1, watt per metre Kelvin) which is lower than that of the housing, given otherwise identical circumstances. The desired thermal insulation of the heating means with respect to the housing can be achieved in different ways. Thus, it is for example possible to fit the heating means on the inside of the housing by means of an insulating layer. However, it is not always necessary to use such an insulating layer. Preference is given to an embodiment in which the heating means is supported in the housing by supports which are spaced apart in the longitudinal direction.

[0008] Such supports may be formed in many ways, depending on the internal configuration of the housing. Preferably, the supports comprise thermally insulated material which has a lower thermal conduction (W.m^-1.K^-1) than metal, such as a plastic. By way of example, a thermal conduction at room temperature having a value of ≤ 10 W.m^-1.K^-1, preferably ≤ 1 W.m^-1.K^-1 is mentioned.

[0009] The heating means furthermore preferably has two heat-exchanging surfaces facing away from each other. Due to the orientation of the heating means, the incoming air flows freely across both said surfaces in the transverse direction. Due to the spaced-apart supports, the air can flow both underneath and over the heating means, in such a way that it can be heated effectively. These heat-exchanging surfaces may run parallel to each other, but this is not obligatory.

[0010] The heating means may be configured in the form of a foil or sheet of electrically conductive material. Although the heating means may be flat, it does not have to be completely flat. The heating means may have a partly or completely curved surface. The surface may also comprise small indentations or small projections. Furthermore, an auxiliary profile may be provided from which the heating means is suspended. This auxiliary profile may itself also be heated by the heating means, and thus serve as a source of heat for the air flowing across it.

[0011] The ventilation device may have different shapes. In particular, the ventilation device may have an elongate housing which defines a longitudinal direction x, a vertical direction z at right angles to the longitudinal direction and a transverse direction y at right angles to the longitudinal direction and vertical direction, which housing comprises mutually coupled profiles which are directed in the longitudinal direction. In this case, the heating means is situated inside the profiles defining the housing. According to another embodiment, the ventilation device may be circular in shape in order to be accommodated in a hole in a façade.

[0012] At least one heat-exchanging surface extends in the transverse direction in such a manner that the incoming air can readily flow across it. Such a surface can also extend obliquely with respect to the transverse direction. At least one heat-exchanging surface may be straight in cross section or curved in cross section.

[0013] Preferably, the heat-exchanging means is situated in the housing. As a result thereof, the user can no longer come into contact with the heating means, so that the risk of injury from burning is prevented.

[0014] Reference is made to DE-A-4143036 which discloses an active ventilation device provided with an electric ventilator and optionally an electric heater. No reference is made to a support for the heater.

[0015] The invention will now be explained in more detail below with reference to the exemplary embodiment illustrated in the figure.

[0016] The figure shows a variant of the ventilation device 1 which is constructed from a number of profiles which are coupled to one another, including the outer profile 5, the inner profile 8 and the connecting profiles 9, 10. The inner profile 8 has a punched-out grate 11 and is attached to the top and bottom profiles 9, 10 by means of a click-action fastening 27, 28. Together, these profiles form the housing 12 of the ventilation device. The ventilation passage 13 extends through this housing 12 between the inlet 15 and the outlet 16. The ventilation passage 13 can be closed by means of the flap 14 which is rotatably suspended from the bottom inner profile 8.

[0017] The ventilation device 1 forms the connection between the exterior 17 and the interior 18 of the building and, when the flap 14 is open, supplies fresh outside air to the space which is situated in the interior of the building. However, in particular when the outside air is cold, an unpleasant cold draught may be caused in said space. In order to prevent such a cold draught, an auxiliary profile 19 with a heating foil 20 is attached on the side of the housing 12 facing the outlet.

[0018] If the temperature of the supplied outside air is too low, said heating foil can be heated electrically. The outside air originating from the outlet 16 and flowing past the heating foil (see arrows) can then be heated to such a temperature that no unpleasant draught or cold air stream results in the space to be aerated. Incidentally, the action of the ventilation device is not affected, or hardly at all, by the advantageous arrangement of the heating system parallel to the direction of flow. Thus, the desired ventilation of the space situated behind it can also be ensured at relatively low outside temperatures.

[0019] The auxiliary assembly 26 consisting of the auxiliary profile 19 and the heating foil 20 is supported in the centre of the housing 12 by supports 31 which are spaced apart from each other. Said supports preferably consist of heat-resistant plastic and insulate the heating means 19, 20 with respect to the various profiles of the housing. Due to this arrangement of the heating means 19, 20, the air can flow along both surfaces thereof running in the transverse direction, as a result of which an optimum exchange of heat is effected. On the top surface, the air flows directly along the heating foil 20 itself. This heating foil 20 also heats the auxiliary profile 19, so that the air which flows along the underside is heated by said auxiliary profile. If desired, a second heating foil 20' may be arranged along the underside of the auxiliary profile in order to heat the air flowing along the underside.

List of reference numerals

[0020] 

1.

Ventilation device

2.

Façade

3.

Casing

4.

Ceiling

5., 6.

Outer profile

7., 8.

Inner profile

9., 10.

Connecting profile

11.

Inner grate

12.

Housing

13.

Ventilation passage

14.

Flap

15.

Inlet

16.

Outlet

17.

Building exterior

18.

Building interior

19.

Auxiliary profile

20., 20'.

Heating foil

21.

Housing attachment means

22.

Housing attachment means

26.

Auxiliary assembly

27., 28.

Click-action fastening

31.

Heating means support

32.

Sound-insulating material

Claims

1. Passive ventilation device for use in a building, comprising a housing (12), a ventilation passage (13) which extends through the housing (12) between an inlet (15) of the housing (12) which is to be turned towards the exterior (17) of the building and an outlet (16) of the housing to be turned towards the interior (18) of the building in order to provide an airflow between the inlet and the outlet, a flap (14) for closing or opening the ventilation passage (13), as well as heating means (20, 20') incorporated in the housing (12), wherein a thermally insulated support means (31) is provided from which the heating means (20, 20') is suspended and the heating means (20, 20') has heat-exchanging surfaces facing away from each other, characterized in that the thermally insulated support means (31) has a thermal conductivity which is lower than that of the housing (12).

2. Ventilation device according to Claim 1, wherein the heating means (20, 20') is supported in the housing (12) by supports (31) which are spaced apart in the longitudinal direction.

3. Ventilation device according to Claim 2, wherein the supports (31) comprise thermally insulated material which has a lower thermal conduction (W.m^-1.K^-1) than metal, such as a plastic.

4. Ventilation device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the heating means is configured in the form of a foil or sheet of electrically conductive material.

5. Ventilation device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein an auxiliary profile (19) is provided from which the heating means (20) is suspended.

6. Ventilation device according to one of the preceding claims, comprising an elongate housing (12) which defines a longitudinal direction x, a vertical direction z at right angles to the longitudinal direction and a transverse direction y at right angles to the longitudinal direction and vertical direction, which housing (12) comprises mutually coupled profiles (5-11) which are directed in the longitudinal direction, wherein the heating means (20) is situated inside the profiles (5-11) defining the housing (12).

7. Ventilation device according to Claim 6, wherein at least one heat-exchanging surface (20, 20') extends obliquely with respect to the transverse direction.

8. Ventilation device according to Claim 7, wherein at least one heat-exchanging surface (20, 20') coincides with the transverse direction.

9. Ventilation device according to one of Claims 6-8, wherein at least one heat-exchanging surface (20, 20') is straight in cross section or curved in cross section.

10. Ventilation device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the housing is made of metal, such as of aluminium.

11. Ventilation device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the thermal conduction of the support means has a value of ≤ 10 W.m^-1.K^-1, preferably of ≤ 1 W.m^-1.K^-1.

12. Ventilation device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the heat-exchanging means (20, 20') is situated inside the housing (12).

13. Ventilation device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one heat-exchanging surface (20, 20') is straight in longitudinal section.

14. Ventilation device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one heat-exchanging surface (20, 20') is flat.

15. Ventilation device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein heat-exchanging surfaces (20, 20') turned away from each other are mutually parallel.

Ansprüche

1. Passive Lüftungsvorrichtung für die Verwendung in einem Gebäude, umfassende ein Gehäuse (12), einen Lüftungsdurchgang (13), der sich durch das Gehäuse (12) zwischen einem Einlass des Gehäuses (12), der in Richtung einer Außenseite (17) des Gebäudes zu richten ist, und einem Auslass (16) des Gehäuses, der in Richtung eines Inneren (18) des Gebäudes zu richten ist, erstreckt, um einen Luftstrom zwischen dem Einlass und dem Auslass zu liefern, eine Klappe (14) zum Schließen oder Öffnen des Lüftungsdurchgangs (13), als auch Heizmittel (20, 20'), die in das Gehäuse (12) eingebaut sind, wobei thermisch isolierte Tragemittel (31) vorgesehen sind, von denen die Heizmittel (20, 20') herabhängen, und die Heizmittel (20, 20') Wärmeaustauschflächen besitzen, die voneinander abgewandt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die thermisch isolierten Tragemittel (31) eine thermische Leitfähigkeit besitzen, die niedriger als die des Gehäuses (12) ist.

2. Lüftungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Heizmittel (20, 20') in dem Gehäuse (12) durch Tragelemente (31), die in der Längsrichtung beabstandet sind, getragen werden.

3. Lüftungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, wobei die Tragelemente (31) thermisch isoliertes Material enthalten, das ein niedrigeres Wärmeleitvermögen (W·m^-1·K^-1) als Metall besitzt, etwa Kunststoff.

4. Lüftungsvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Heizmittel in der Form einer Folie oder eines Blechs eines elektrisch leitenden Materials konfiguriert sind.

5. Lüftungsvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei ein Hilfsprofil (19) vorgesehen ist, von dem die Heizmittel (20) herabhängen.

6. Lüftungsvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, die ein langgestrecktes Gehäuse (12) umfasst, das eine Längsrichtung x, eine vertikale Richtung z im rechten Winkel zu der Längsrichtung und eine Querrichtung y im rechten Winkel zu der Längsrichtung und der vertikalen Richtung definiert, wobei das Gehäuse (12) gegenseitig gekoppelte Profile (5-11) umfasst, die in die Längsrichtung gerichtet sind, wobei sich die Heizmittel (20) in den Profilen befinden, die das Gehäuse (12) definieren.

7. Lüftungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, wobei sich mindestens eine Wärmeaustauschfläche (20, 20') quer in Bezug auf die Querrichtung erstreckt.

8. Lüftungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, wobei mindestens eine Wärmeaustauschfläche (20, 20') mit der Querrichtung zusammenfällt.

9. Lüftungsvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6-8, wobei mindestens eine Wärmeaustauschfläche (20, 20') im Querschnitt gerade oder im Querschnitt gekrümmt ist.

10. Lüftungsvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Gehäuse aus Metall, etwa Aluminium, hergestellt ist.

11. Lüftungsvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die thermische Leistung der Tragemittel einen Wert von ≤ als 10 W·m^-1·K^-1, vorzugsweise ≤ 1 W·m^-1·K^-1, besitzt.

12. Lüftungsvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei sich die Wärmeaustauschmittel (20, 20') in dem Gehäuse (12) befinden.

13. Lüftungsvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei mindestens eine Wärmeaustauschfläche (20, 20') in der Längssektion gerade ist.

14. Lüftungsvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei mindestens eine Wärmeaustauschfläche (20, 20') flach ist.

15. Lüftungsvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei Wärmeaustauschflächen (20, 20'), die voneinander abgewandt sind, zueinander parallel sind.

Revendications

1. Dispositif de ventilation passive destiné à être utilisé dans un bâtiment, comprenant un boîtier (12), un passage de ventilation (13) qui s'étend à travers le boîtier (12) entre une entrée (15) du boîtier qui est tournée vers l'extérieur (17) du bâtiment et une sortie (16) du boîtier qui est tournée vers l'intérieur (18) du bâtiment pour assurer un flux d'air entre l'entrée et la sortie, un clapet (14) pour fermer ou ouvrir le passage de ventilation (13), ainsi qu'un moyen de chauffage (20, 20') incorporé dans le boîtier (12), dans lequel un moyen de support (31) thermiquement isolé est prévu auquel le moyen de chauffage (20, 20') est suspendu et le moyen de chauffage (20, 20') comporte des surfaces d'échange de chaleur opposées l'une à l'autre, caractérisé en ce que le moyen de support (31) thermiquement isolé a une conductivité thermique inférieure à celle du boîtier (12).

2. Dispositif de ventilation selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le moyen de chauffage (20, 20') est supporté dans le boîtier (12) par des supports (31) espacés dans la direction longitudinale.

3. Dispositif de ventilation selon la revendication 2, dans lequel les supports (31) comprennent un matériau thermiquement isolé qui a une conduction thermique (W.m^-1.K^-1) inférieure à celle du métal, par exemple celle du plastique.

4. Dispositif de ventilation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le moyen de chauffage est configuré sous la forme d'un film ou d'une feuille de matériau électriquement conducteur.

5. Dispositif de ventilation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel un profilé auxiliaire (19) est prévu auquel le moyen de chauffage (20) est suspendu.

6. Dispositif de ventilation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, comprenant un boîtier allongé (12) définissant une direction longitudinale x, une direction verticale z perpendiculaires à la direction longitudinale et une direction transversale y perpendiculaires à la direction longitudinale et la direction verticale, lequel boîtier (12) comprend des profilés (5-11) mutuellement accouplés qui sont orientés dans la direction longitudinale, dans lequel le moyen de chauffage (20) est situé à l'intérieur des profilés (5-11) définissant le boîtier (12).

7. Dispositif de ventilation selon la revendication 6, dans lequel au moins une surface d'échange de chaleur (20, 20') s'étend obliquement par rapport à la direction transversale.

8. Dispositif de ventilation selon la revendication 7, dans lequel au moins une surface d'échange de chaleur (20, 20') coïncide avec la direction transversale.

9. Dispositif de ventilation selon l'une des revendications 6 à 8, dans lequel au moins une surface d'échange de chaleur (20, 20') a une section transversale droite ou une section transversale incurvée.

10. Dispositif de ventilation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le boîtier est en métal, par exemple en aluminium.

11. Dispositif de ventilation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la conduction thermique du moyen de support a une valeur ≤ 10 W.m^-1.K^-1, de préférence ≤ 1 W.m^-1.K^-1.

12. Dispositif de ventilation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le moyen d'échange de chaleur (20, 20') est situé à l'intérieur du boîtier (12).

13. Dispositif de ventilation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel au moins une surface d'échange de chaleur (20, 20') a une section longitudinale droite.

14. Dispositif de ventilation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel au moins une surface d'échange de chaleur (20, 20') est plate.

15. Dispositif de ventilation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les surfaces d'échange de chaleur (20, 20') tournées à l'opposé l'une de l'autre sont mutuellement parallèles.

Drawing