Technical Field
[0001] The disclosure relates to a solenoid switch to be used in a vehicle starter and a
vehicle starter comprising such a solenoid switch.
Background Art
[0002] A starter of an automotive vehicle generally controls the action of a driving gear
with a solenoid switch so that the driving gear meshes with a mating gear on an engine
flywheel to drive a crankshaft of the engine to rotate. Figure 1 shows a known solenoid
switch which mainly comprises a switch casing 1, an electromagnetic coil 2 mounted
in the switch casing 1, a solenoid core 3 slidably mounted in the switch casing 1,
an actuating bar 4 fixedly carried by the solenoid core 3 and configured for driving
an actuating fork 5 for the driving gear to pivot, an end cap 6 fixed to the switch
casing 1, and a boot 7 mounted between the solenoid core 3 and the switch casing 1,
the boot 7 being generally made of rubber, for preventing water and other extraneous
matters from entering into the switch casing 1.
[0003] A front portion of the boot 7 is clamped against a front portion of the solenoid
core 3, a back portion of the boot 7 is clamped by a fixing ring 8 to a projected
tubular portion 9 formed on a front end of the switch casing 1, and the fixing ring
8 itself is restricted by the end cap 6. As shown in Figure 2, the end cap 6 comprises
several mounting portions 10 through which screws are inserted for fixing the end
cap 6 to the switch casing 1. Each mounting portion 10 is in the form of a partial
cylinder, with an inner side being opened to form a pair of opposing edges. Each edge
has been cut away at its back end to form a step 11, and these steps support a back
end of the fixing ring 8 to restrict the position of the fixing ring 8 in an axial
direction.
[0004] In this solenoid switch, the steps 11 on the end cap 6 can provide only a small supporting
area to the fixing ring 8, so the fixing ring 8 is prone to be damaged. In addition,
the requirement on the concentricity between the end cap 6 and the switch casing 1
is relatively high, because otherwise the end cap 6 may compress the boot 7 via the
fixing ring 8 with different compression forces at different locations so the boot
7 may be damaged after a certain time of operation.
[0005] Document
EP 2 375 055 A2 discloses a solenoid switch according to the preamble of claim 1.
Summary of the Disclosure
[0006] An object of the disclosure is to solve the problem that service life of the boot
and its fixing ring in the vehicle starter according to the prior art is short.
[0007] For this end, according to one aspect of the disclosure, there is provided a solenoid
switch to be used in a vehicle starter, which comprises a switch casing, a solenoid
core supported by the switch casing in a manner of being movable in an axial direction,
a boot having a front end portion and a back end portion adapted for sealing between
the solenoid core and the switch casing, and a fixing ring configured to fix the back
end portion of the boot to the switch casing; wherein first axial retention means
is provided between the boot and switch casing for maintaining the relative axial
position between the boot and the 2. switch casing, and second axial retention means
is provided on the boot for maintaining the relative axial position between the fixing
ring and the boot preventing the fixing ring from moving from the back end portion
in axial direction towards the front end portion.
[0008] According to a possible embodiment, the first axial retention means comprises a protrusion
and/or recess formed on one of the boot and the switch casing and a mating recess
and/or protrusion formed on the other one of the boot and the switch casing.
[0009] According to a possible embodiment, the switch casing comprises a main body and a
projected tubular portion projected forwards from the main body, a back portion of
the boot being clamped to the projected tubular portion by the fixing ring, and the
first axial retention means being formed on the back portion of the boot and the projected
tubular portion.
[0010] According to a possible embodiment, the protrusion is in the form of a ring-like
protrusion, and the recess is in the form of a ring-like recess mating with the ring-like
protrusion.
[0011] The ring-like protrusion and the ring-like recess each preferably has a rectangular,
hook-like or dovetail-like cross section.
[0012] According to a possible embodiment, the second axial retention means comprises a
step formed on an outer periphery of the boot.
[0013] The step is preferably in the shape of a circular ring extending around the outer
periphery of the boot.
[0014] According to a possible embodiment, the fixing ring is in the form of a complete
circular ring. Such a fixing ring is formed preferably of an elastic material such
as rubber.
[0015] Alternatively, the fixing ring is in the form of a split ring. Such a fixing ring
preferably comprises a self-locking structure or is provided with a locking member
for locking it.
[0016] According to a possible embodiment, a front portion of the boot is slidably fitted
around the solenoid core in a sealing manner.
[0017] According to a possible embodiment, with the front portion of it being fixed to the
solenoid core and being movable together with the solenoid core.
[0018] According to a possible embodiment, the front portion of the solenoid core comprises
a protruding portion, and the front portion of the boot forms a front end portion
which extends radially inwards, the front end portion being mounted around the protruding
portion and being fastened to a main portion of the solenoid core by a fastening element.
[0019] According to a possible embodiment, the front end portion of the boot is formed with
an elastic protrusion facing towards the main portion of the solenoid core, the elastic
protrusion being elastically deformed in a state of being compressed against the main
portion of the solenoid core by the fastening element. For example, the elastic protrusion
is in the form of a circular ring, which may comprise two or more concentric circular
rings.
[0020] According to another aspect of the disclosure, there is provided the vehicle starter
which comprises a solenoid switch as described above for controlling the start of
a vehicle engine.
[0021] According to the disclosure, the boot is mounted to the switch casing by means of
the fixing ring, the boot itself is provided with a retention structure for the fixing
ring, so the position of the fixing ring is restricted without needing the help of
the end cap. In this way, the boot and the fixing ring are not damaged under the action
of the end cap as in the prior art, so the service life of the boot and the fixing
ring can be prolonged.
Brief Description of the Drawings
[0022]
Figure 1 is a partial sectional view of a solenoid switch of a vehicle starter according
to prior art.
Figure 2 is a partial perspective view of an end cap of the solenoid switch shown
in Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a partial sectional view of the solenoid switch of the vehicle starter
according to the disclosure.
Figure 4 is a partial sectional view of a switch casing of the solenoid switch shown
in Figure 3.
Figure 5 is a sectional view of a boot of the solenoid switch shown in Figure 3.
Figure 6 is a sectional view of a fixing ring of the solenoid switch shown in Figure
3.
Figures 7-9 are side views of some possible embodiments of the fixing ring shown in
Figure 6.
Detailed Description of Preferred Embodiments
[0023] Now some preferred embodiments of the disclosure will be described with reference
to the drawings. It is noted that the drawings are presented for explaining the theory
of the disclosure only and thus are not drawn in scale.
[0024] First, a solenoid switch of a vehicle starter of the disclosure will be described
using Figure 3. It is noted that, when describing the solenoid switch of the disclosure,
the term "front" related with orientation refers to the side proximal to the vehicle
engine, and "back" refers to the side distal from the vehicle engine.
[0025] As sown in Figure 3, the solenoid switch of the disclosure comprises a switch casing
1 for mounting functional components of the solenoid switch. With reference to Figure
4, the switch casing 1 has a substantially cylindrical main body 15, and the main
body comprises a front end wall 16. The switch casing 1 further has a projected tubular
portion 9, in the form of a substantially circular tube, projected forwards from the
front end wall 16, the projected tubular portion 9 being coaxial with the main body
15. The front end wall 16 and the projected tubular portion 9 define a through hole
17 therein, the through hole 17 extending axially from a front end surface of the
projected tubular portion 9 and opened into an internal space defined in the main
body 15. Further, the projected tubular portion 9 is formed with a ring-like recess
18 which is recessed radially inwards from the outer periphery of the projected tubular
portion 9.
[0026] The electromagnetic coil 2 is fixedly mounted in the main body 15. When energized,
the electromagnetic coil 2 generates a magnetic field.
[0027] The solenoid core 3 is disposed in the through hole 17, and is slidable relative
to the switch casing 1 in the axial direction. Under the action of the magnetic field
generated by the electromagnetic coil 2, the solenoid core 3 slides axially backwards
(to the right in Figure 3). When the electromagnetic coil 2 is deenergized and the
magnetic field disappears, the solenoid core 3 slides axially forwards (to the left
in Figure 3) to its home position under the action of a return spring (the compression
spring 19 shown in Figure 3 or the like).
[0028] A substantially cylindrical sleeve 11 made of a nonmagnetic material (for example,
brass) is mounted in the switch casing 1, the sleeve 11 having a front end inserted
in the through hole 17 and a back end extending into the internal space in the main
body 15. The sleeve 11 provides support and guidance to the solenoid core 3, without
interfering with the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil 2.
[0029] An actuating bar 4 is fixedly carried in the solenoid core 3, the actuating bar 4
being configured to dive an actuating fork (not shown) for a driving gear to pivot
so as to engage/disengage the driving gear with/from the a mating gear on an engine
flywheel. The solenoid core 3 has a main portion and a substantially cylindrical protruding
portion 12 extending forwards from a front end surface of the main portion. The actuating
bar 4 may be fixed in the solenoid core 3 by performing a crimping operation performed
on the protruding portion 12.
[0030] The boot 7 is mounted between the solenoid core 3 and the switch casing 1 to form
sealing between them to prevent water and other extraneous matters from entering into
the switch casing 1. The boot 7 is generally made of rubber or other elastic materials.
[0031] As shown in Figures 3 and 5, the boot 7 is an integrally formed single piece, which
mainly comprises a substantially truncated cone shaped tube portion 20, a front end
portion 22 extending radially inwards from a front end of the tube portion 20, and
a clamped portion 21 extending backwards from a back end of the tube portion 20 in
the axial direction.
[0032] The front end of the tube portion 20 has a smaller diameter than the back end of
the tube portion 20. In addition, the tube portion 20 is formed to be elastically
deformable so that it can be compressed in the axial direction. For example, the tube
portion 20 may be formed to have a form of a bellow.
[0033] The clamped portion 21 is in the form of a substantially circular tube, having an
inner diameter substantially equal to or slightly smaller than the outer diameter
of the projected tubular portion 9. The clamped portion 21 comprises a ring-like protrusion
24 protruding radially inwards from the inner periphery of the ring-like protrusion
24, the shape and dimensions of ring-like protrusion 24 corresponding to that of the
ring-like recess 18 on the projected tubular portion 9.
[0034] The front end portion 22 has a substantially disk like shape, and comprises a central
hole to be passed through by the protruding portion 12. Further, an elastic protrusion
23 is formed on a back surface of the front end portion 22 and protrudes backwards.
The elastic protrusion 23 is preferably in the form of a circular ring like protrusion,
and, for example, may comprise two or more protrusions in the form of concentric circular
rings.
[0035] A front portion of the boot 7 is clamped against a front portion of the solenoid
core 3. Specifically, the protruding portion 12 of the solenoid core 3 extends through
the central hole of the front end portion 22, and a stop ring 13 is mounted around
the protruding portion 12 and pushes the front end portion 22 in the axially backward
direction, so that the protrusion 23 is biased against the front end surface of the
main portion of the solenoid core 3 to be elastically compressively deformed. In this
state, a fastener, such as an elastic clamping ring 14 which clamps into a clamping
groove on the protruding portion 12, is used for locking the stop ring 13 to the protruding
portion 12, thereby the front end portion 22 of the boot 7 is clamped against the
front end surface of the main portion of the solenoid core 3, and thus seals the front
end surface of the main portion of the solenoid core 3 under the action of the elastic
deformation of the protrusion 23 and/or of other portions of the front end portion
22. In this way, the front end portion 22 is movable axially together with the solenoid
core 3, while the axial movement of the solenoid core 3 is not impeded by the boot
7 due to the elastically deforming ability of the tube portion 20. Meanwhile, the
sealing between the solenoid core 3 and the switch casing 1 can be always maintained,
no matter what axial position the solenoid core 3 is at.
[0036] The back portion of the boot 7 is clamped onto the projected tubular portion 9 by
a fixing ring 8. Specifically, the clamped portion 21 is fixed around the projected
tubular portion 9. On this point, it is appreciated that the clamped portion 21 having
an inner diameter slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the projected tubular
portion 9 is advantageous, since the clamped portion 21 may clamp tightly around the
projected tubular portion 9 in the slight expansion state of the clamped portion 21.
[0037] Further, the ring-like protrusion 24 of the clamped portion 21 is engaged in the
ring-like recess 18 of the projected tubular portion 9 to prevent the clamped portion
21 from moving axially forwards and disengaged from the projected tubular portion
9. In this manner, the mating structure of the ring-like protrusion 24 and the ring-like
recess 18 forms axial retention means for restricting the clamped portion 21 with
respect to the projected tubular portion 9 (i.e., restricting the boot 7 with respect
to the switch casing 1).
[0038] The axial location of the ring-like protrusion 24 on the clamped portion 21 is designed
such that, when the ring-like protrusion 24 is engaged in the ring-like recess 18,
the back end of the clamped portion 21 is near the front end surface of the main body
15 of the switch casing 1.
[0039] The cross sectional shape of the ring-like protrusion 24/the ring-like recess 18
is designed to contribute to axial restriction. For example, the cross sectional shape
may be rectangular as illustrated, or may be hook-like or dovetail-like or any other
shapes that help the mating or engagement of the projected tubular portion 9 with
the ring-like recess 18 for achieving axial locking.
[0040] Further, the ring-like protrusion 24/the ring-like recess 18 may comprise several
protrusions/recesses, and there is no limitation to the number of the protrusion(s)/recess(es),
which can be determined according to the size and strength of concrete structures.
[0041] Further, the locations of the ring-like protrusion 24/the ring-like recess 18 is
not limited to the illustrated one. One of the clamped portion 21 and the projected
tubular portion 9 may be provided with the ring-like protrusion 24 and/or the ring-like
recess 18, and the other one may be provided with the ring-like recess 18 and/or the
ring-like protrusion 24.
[0042] A step 25 which projects radially outwards is formed on the transition portion between
the tube portion 20 and the clamped portion 21. The step 25 is preferably in the form
of a complete circular ring extending along the outer periphery of the transition
portion between the tube portion 20 and the clamped portion 21, although it may alternatively
be discrete, for example, it may comprise a plurality of arc segments distributed
along the outer periphery of the transition portion. A back end surface of the step
25 is preferably perpendicular to the central axis of the boot 7. Further, the height
of the step 25, by which the step 25 protrudes radially outwards from the outer periphery
of the transition portion, is preferably approximate to, but slightly smaller than,
the radial thickness of the fixing ring 8.
[0043] As shown in Figure 6, the fixing ring 8 has a certain axial width which corresponds
to the axial distance between the back end surface of the step 25 and the back end
of the clamped portion 21. In this way, once the clamped portion 21 is assembled to
the projected tubular portion 9 as shown in Figure 3, the fixing ring 8 may be mounted
around the clamped portion 21 between the back end surface of the step 25 and the
front end surface of the main body 15, with little axial clearance.
[0044] Further, the fixing ring 8, in use, has an inner diameter substantially equal to,
but preferably smaller than, the normal outer diameter of the clamped portion 21.
In this way, the clamped portion 21 is fixed radially relative to the projected tubular
portion 9 by the fixing ring 8.
[0045] Considering the elasticity of the clamped portion 21, it is preferable that the fixing
ring 8 has an inner diameter in use smaller than the normal outer diameter of the
clamped portion 21, because in this condition the clamped portion 21 may be elastically
compressively deformed under the radial compressive force of the fixing ring 8 to
clamp further tightly around the projected tubular portion 9.
[0046] In the state that the fixing ring 8 surrounds the clamped portion 21, the step 25
prevents the fixing ring 8 from moving forwards to be detached from the clamped portion
21. Thus, the step 25 forms axial retention means for restricting the fixing ring
8 with respect to the clamped portion 21 (i.e., with respect to the boot 7). It can
be understood that the step 25 may be in various suitable forms and may have various
cross sectional shapes, only if it can prevent the fixing ring 8 from detached in
the axial direction.
[0047] The fixing ring 8 itself may also be in various suitable forms. For example, Figure
7 shows a fixing ring 8 in the form of a complete circular ring. Such a fixing ring
8 can be made of an elastic material, such as rubber, so that the fixing ring 8 may
be expanded and put around the clamped portion 21, and then shrinks to constrict the
clamped portion 21 tightly with a sufficient radial compressive force.
[0048] Figure 8 shows a spring type fixing ring 8 in the form of a split ring having an
opening 30 therein, the fixing ring 8 being formed of a material that has sufficient
rigidity and resiliency, for example, steel. Thus, the opening 30 can be expanded
so that the fixing ring 8 can be put onto the clamped portion 21, and then the opening
30 is released to reduce its size so that the fixing ring 8 constricts the clamped
portion 21 tightly.
[0049] Figure 9 shows a split type fixing ring 8 having a self-locking structure at its
opening, the fixing ring 8 having two free ends that may be separated from each other/locked
together. In the state that the two free ends are separated from each other, the fixing
ring 8 may be put onto the clamped portion 21, and then the two free ends are locked
together so that the fixing ring 8 constricts the clamped portion 21 tightly. In the
embodiment shown in Figure 9, the self-locking structure comprises a locking tooth
31 formed on each of the two free ends. The locking tooth 31 on each free end may
comprise a plurality of teeth so that the inner diameter of the fixing ring 8 or the
compressive force applied onto the clamped portion 21 is adjustable. Other types of
self-locking structure may also be used here.
[0050] In an embodiment which is not shown, the split type fixing ring 8 may be provided
with a locking member, such as a screw type or snap type locking member, for fastening
the fixing ring 8.
[0051] Other types of the fixing ring can be conceived by those skilled in the art.
[0052] The front portion of the switch casing 1 may alternatively be constructed in other
forms than the projected tubular portion 9, and the front portion of the solenoid
core 3 may alternatively be constructed in other forms than the protruding portion
12, only if the boot 7 can be assembled in a sealing manner between the switch casing
1 and the solenoid core 3 in a manner like that described above.
[0053] It is also appreciated that it is not necessary to fix the front end of the boot
7 to the front portion of the solenoid core 3. For example, the front end of the boot
7 may alternatively be designed to be slidable in a sealing manner on the solenoid
core 3 (for example, slidable on the main portion or the protruding portion 12 of
the solenoid core). In this condition, the front end portion 22 may be adapted to
be slidably fitted around a corresponding portion of the solenoid core 3 (rather than
be fixed in the manner described above), and the ability of axial compression by elastic
deforming of the tube portion 20 may be omitted in this case.
[0054] It is noted that the solenoid switch of the disclosure comprises also an end cap
(not shown) fixed to the switch casing 1 as in the prior art, but the end cap does
not involve in the assembling of the boot 7, and thus the end cap does not contact
with or act on the boot 7 or the fixing ring 8. In this way, neither the boot 7 nor
the fixing ring 8 will be damaged under the action of the end cap, so the service
life of the boot 7 and the fixing ring 8 can be prolonged.
[0055] In addition, due to the fact that the boot 7 is assembled without the participation
of the end cap, the requirement on the concentricity between the end cap and the switch
casing 1 can be lowered down, which renders the assembling of the end cap easier.
[0056] Although the disclosure has been described with reference to particular embodiments,
the scope of the disclosure is not limited to the illustrated and described details,
and various modifications to these details may be made without departing from the
scope of the disclosure.
1. A solenoid switch to be used in a vehicle starter, comprising:
a) a switch casing (1);
b) a solenoid core (3) supported by the switch casing (1) in a manner of being movable
in an axial direction;
c) a boot (7) having a front end portion (22) and a back end portion (21) adapted
for sealing between the solenoid core (3) and the switch casing (1); and
d) a fixing ring (8) configured to fix the back end portion (21) of the boot(7) to
the switch casing (1);
characterised in that
e) first axial retention means (24, 18) is provided between the boot (7) and the switch
casing (1) for maintaining the relative axial position between the boot (7) and the
switch casing (1) ; and
f) wherein second axial retention means (25) is provided on the boot (7) for maintaining
the relative axial position between the fixing ring (8) and the boot (7) preventing
the fixing ring (8) from moving from the back end portion (21) in axial direction
towards the front end portion (22).
2. The solenoid switch of claim 1, wherein the first axial retention means (24, 18) comprises
a protrusion (24) and/or recess (18) formed on one of the boot (7) and the switch
casing (1) and a mating recess and/or protrusion formed on the other one of the boot
(7) and the switch casing (1).
3. The solenoid switch of claim 2, wherein the switch casing (1) comprises a main body
(15) and a projected tubular portion (9) projected forwards from the main body (15),
a back portion (21) of the boot (7) being clamped to the projected tubular portion
(9) by the fixing ring (8), and the first axial retention means (24, 18) being formed
on the back portion of the boot (7) and the projected tubular portion (9).
4. The solenoid switch of claim 3, wherein the protrusion (24) is in the form of a ring-like
protrusion (24), and the recess (18) is in the form of a ring-like recess (18) mating
with the ring-like protrusion (24), the ring-like protrusion (24) and the ring-like
recess (18) each preferably having a rectangular, hook-like or dovetail-like cross
section.
5. The solenoid switch of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the second axial retention
means comprises a step (25) formed on an outer periphery of the boot (7), the step
(25) being preferably in the shape of a circular ring extending around the outer periphery
of the boot (7).
6. The solenoid switch of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the fixing ring (8) is in
the form of a complete circular ring, and is formed preferably of an elastic material
such as rubber; or the fixing ring (8) is in the form of a split ring, and comprises
a self-locking structure or is provided with a locking member for locking it.
7. The solenoid switch of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a front portion (22) of the
boot (7) is slidably fitted around the solenoid core (3) in a sealing manner; or
the boot (7) is elastically deformable, with the front portion (22) of it being fixed
to the solenoid core (3) and being movable together with the solenoid core (3).
8. The solenoid switch of claim 7, wherein the front portion (22) of the solenoid core
(3) comprises a protruding portion (12), and the front portion (22) of the boot (7)
forms a front end portion (22) which extends radially inwards, the front end portion
(22) being mounted around the protruding portion (12) and being fastened to a main
portion of the solenoid core (3) by a fastening element.
9. The solenoid switch of claim 8, wherein the front end portion (22) of the boot (7)
is formed with an elastic protrusion (23) facing towards the main portion of the solenoid
core (3), the elastic protrusion (23) being a protrusion in the form of a circular
ring, which may comprise two or more concentric circular rings, and the elastic protrusion
(23) being elastically deformed in a state of being compressed against the main portion
of the solenoid core (3) by the fastening element.
10. A vehicle starter comprising a solenoid switch according to any one of claims 1 to
9 for controlling the start of a vehicle engine.
1. Ein Magnetschalter zur Verwendung in einem Fahrzeuganlasser, der umfasst:
a) ein Schaltergehäuse (1);
b) einen Magnetkern (3), der von dem Schaltergehäuse (1) in einer Weise gehalten wird,
dass er in einer axialen Richtung beweglich ist;
c) eine Manschette (7) mit einem vorderen Endabschnitt (22) und einem hinteren Endabschnitt
(21), die zur Abdichtung zwischen dem Magnetkern (3) und dem Schaltergehäuse (1) eingerichtet
ist; und
d) einen Befestigungsring (8), der derart eingerichtet ist, dass er den hinteren Endabschnitt
(21) der Manschette (7) am Schaltergehäuse (1) fixiert;
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
e) ein erstes axiales Rückhaltemittel (24, 18) zwischen der Manschette (7) und dem
Schaltergehäuse (1) vorgesehen ist, um die relative axiale Position zwischen der Manschette
(7) und dem Schaltergehäuse (1) beizubehalten; und
f) wobei ein zweites axiales Rückhaltemittel (25) an der Manschette (7) vorgesehen
ist, um die relative axiale Position zwischen dem Befestigungsring (8) und der Manschette
(7) beizubehalten und den Befestigungsring (8) daran zu hindern, sich von dem hinteren
Endabschnitt (21) in axialer Richtung zum vorderen Endabschnitt (22) zu bewegen.
2. Magnetschalter nach Anspruch 1, wobei das erste axiale Rückhaltemittel (24, 18) einen
Vorsprung (24) und/oder eine Aussparung (18), der/die an einem von Manschette (7)
und Schaltergehäuse (1) ausgebildet ist, und eine passende Aussparung und/oder einen
passenden Vorsprung, die/der an dem anderen von Manschette (7) und Schaltergehäuse
(1) ausgebildet ist, umfasst.
3. Magnetschalter nach Anspruch 2, wobei das Schaltergehäuse (1) einen Hauptkörper (15)
und einen hervorstehenden rohrförmigen Abschnitt (9) aufweist, der von dem Hauptkörper
(15) nach vorne vorsteht, wobei ein hinterer Abschnitt (21) der Manschette (7) durch
den Befestigungsring (8) an den hervorstehenden rohrförmigen Abschnitt (9) geklemmt
ist, und wobei das erste axiale Rückhaltemittel (24, 18) an dem hinteren Abschnitt
der Manschette (7) und dem hervorstehenden rohrförmigen Abschnitt (9) ausgebildet
ist.
4. Magnetschalter nach Anspruch 3, wobei der Vorsprung (24) die Form eines ringförmigen
Vorsprungs (24) und die Aussparung (18) die Form einer ringförmigen Aussparung (18),
die mit dem ringförmigen Vorsprung (24) zusammenpasst, aufweist, wobei der ringförmige
Vorsprung (24) und die ringförmige Aussparung (18) jeweils vorzugsweise einen rechteckigen,
hakenartigen oder schwalbenschwanzartigen Querschnitt aufweisen.
5. Magnetschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei das zweite axiale Rückhaltemittel
eine Stufe (25) aufweist, die an einem Außenumfang der Manschette (7) ausgebildet
ist, wobei die Stufe (25) vorzugsweise die Form eines kreisförmigen Rings aufweist,
der sich um den Außenumfang der Manschette (7) erstreckt.
6. Magnetschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei der Befestigungsring (8) die
Form eines vollständig kreisförmigen Rings aufweist und vorzugsweise aus einem elastischen
Material wie Gummi gebildet ist; oder
der Befestigungsring (8) die Form eines geteilten Rings aufweist und eine selbstverriegelnde
Struktur aufweist oder mit einem Verriegelungselement zum Verriegeln des Befestigungsrings
versehen ist.
7. Magnetschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, wobei ein vorderer Abschnitt (22)
der Manschette (7) um den Magnetkern (3) in abdichtender Weise gleitend angebracht
ist; oder die Manschette (7) elastisch verformbar ist, wobei ihr vorderer Abschnitt
(22) an dem Magnetkern (3) befestigt ist und zusammen mit dem Magnetkern (3) beweglich
ist.
8. Magnetschalter nach Anspruch 7, wobei der vordere Abschnitt (22) des Magnetkerns (3)
einen hervorstehenden Abschnitt (12) aufweist, und der vordere Abschnitt (22) der
Manschette (7) einen vorderen Endabschnitt (22) bildet, der sich radial nach Innen
erstreckt, wobei der vordere Endabschnitt (22) um den hervorstehenden Abschnitt (12)
herum montiert ist und an einem Hauptabschnitt des Magnetkerns (3) durch ein Befestigungselement
befestigt ist.
9. Magnetschalter nach Anspruch 8, wobei der vordere Endabschnitt (22) der Manschette
(7) mit einem elastischen Vorsprung (23) ausgebildet ist, der dem Hauptabschnitt des
Magnetkerns (3) zugewandt ist, wobei der elastische Vorsprung (23) ein Vorsprung in
Form eines kreisförmigen Rings ist, der zwei oder mehr konzentrische kreisförmige
Ringe umfassen kann, und wobei der elastische Vorsprung (23) in einem Zustand, in
dem er durch das Befestigungselement gegen den Hauptabschnitt des Magnetkerns (3)
gedrückt wird, elastisch verformt wird.
10. Fahrzeuganlasser mit einem Magnetschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9 zur Steuerung
des Starts eines Fahrzeugmotors.
1. Contacteur électromagnétique à utiliser dans un démarreur de véhicule, comportant
:
a) un boîtier de contacteur (1) ;
b) un noyau d'électroaimant (3) supporté par le boîtier de contacteur (1) d'une manière
mobile dans une direction axiale ;
c) un capuchon (7) ayant une partie d'extrémité avant (22) et une partie d'extrémité
arrière (21) adaptée pour réaliser l'étanchéité entre le noyau d'électroaimant (3)
et le boîtier de contacteur (1) ; et
d) une bague de fixation (8) configurée pour fixer la partie d'extrémité arrière (21)
du capuchon (7) au boîtier de contacteur (1) ;
caractérisé en ce que :
e) des premiers moyens de retenue axiale (24, 18) sont agencés entre le capuchon (7)
et le boîtier de contacteur (1) pour maintenir la position axiale relative entre le
capuchon (7) et le boîtier de contacteur (1) ; et
f) dans lequel des seconds moyens de retenue axiale (25) sont agencés sur le capuchon
(7) pour maintenir la position axiale relative entre la bague de fixation (8) et le
capuchon (7) empêchant la bague de fixation (8) de se déplacer à partir de la partie
d'extrémité arrière (21) dans une direction axiale vers la partie d'extrémité avant
(22).
2. Contacteur électromagnétique selon la revendication 1, dans lequel les premiers moyens
de retenue axiale (24, 18) comportent une saillie (24) et/ou un évidement (18) formé
sur un élément parmi le capuchon (7) et le boîtier de contacteur (1) et un évidement
et/ou une saillie d'appariement formé sur l'autre élément parmi le capuchon (7) et
le boîtier de contacteur (1).
3. Contacteur électromagnétique selon la revendication 2, dans lequel le boîtier de contacteur
(1) comporte un corps principal (15) et une partie tubulaire en saillie (9) faisant
saillie vers l'avant à partir du corps principal (15), une partie arrière (21) du
capuchon (7) étant serrée sur la partie tubulaire en saillie (9) par la bague de fixation
(8), et les premiers moyens de retenue axiale (24, 18) étant formés sur la partie
arrière du capuchon (7) et la partie tubulaire en saillie (9).
4. Contacteur électromagnétique selon la revendication 3, dans lequel la saillie (24)
a la forme d'une saillie analogue à un anneau (24), et l'évidement (18) a la forme
d'un évidement analogue à un anneau (18) s'appariant avec la saillie analogue à un
anneau (24), la saillie analogue à un anneau (24) et l'évidement analogue à un anneau
(18) ayant chacun de préférence une section transversale rectangulaire, analogue à
un crochet ou analogue à une queue d'aronde.
5. Contacteur électromagnétique selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans
lequel les seconds moyens de retenue axiale comportent un gradin (25) formé sur une
périphérie extérieure du capuchon (7), le gradin (25) ayant de préférence la forme
d'une bague circulaire s'étendant autour de la périphérie extérieure du capuchon (7).
6. Contacteur électromagnétique selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, dans
lequel la bague de fixation (8) a la forme d'un anneau circulaire complet, et est
de préférence formée d'un matériau élastique tel qu'un caoutchouc ; ou
la bague de fixation (8) a la forme d'une bague fendue, et comporte une structure
auto-bloquante ou est pourvue d'un élément de blocage pour la bloquer.
7. Contacteur électromagnétique selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, dans
lequel une partie avant (22) du capuchon (7) est agencée de manière à pouvoir glisser
autour du noyau d'électroaimant (3) d'une manière étanche ; ou
le capuchon (7) est élastiquement déformable, sa partie avant (22) étant fixée au
noyau d'électroaimant (3) et étant mobile en association avec le noyau d'électroaimant
(3) .
8. Contacteur électromagnétique selon la revendication 7, dans lequel la partie avant
(22) du noyau d'électroaimant (3) comporte une partie saillante (12), et la partie
avant (22) du capuchon (7) forme une partie d'extrémité avant (22) qui s'étend radialement
vers l'intérieur, la partie d'extrémité avant (22) étant montée autour de la partie
saillante (12) et étant fixée à une partie principale du noyau d'électroaimant (3)
par un élément de fixation.
9. Contacteur électromagnétique selon la revendication 8, dans lequel la partie d'extrémité
avant (22) du capuchon (7) est formée avec une saillie élastique (23) dirigée vers
la partie principale du noyau d'électroaimant (3), la saillie élastique (23) étant
une saillie sous la forme d'une bague circulaire, qui peut comporter deux ou plus
de deux bagues circulaires concentriques, et la saillie élastique (23) étant élastiquement
déformée dans un état où elle est comprimée contre la partie principale du noyau d'électroaimant
(3) par l'élément de fixation.
10. Démarreur de véhicule comportant un contacteur électromagnétique selon l'une quelconque
des revendications 1 à 9 pour commander le démarrage d'un moteur de véhicule.