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EP 3 646 988 B1 |
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EUROPEAN PATENT SPECIFICATION |
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Mention of the grant of the patent: |
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28.07.2021 Bulletin 2021/30 |
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Date of filing: 29.10.2019 |
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International Patent Classification (IPC):
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SUPPORT, MACHINE AND PROCESS FOR SURFACE FINISHING
TRÄGER, MASCHINE UND VERFAHREN ZUR OBERFLÄCHENBEARBEITUNG
SUPPORT, MACHINE ET PROCÉDÉ DE FINITION DE SURFACE
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Designated Contracting States: |
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AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL
NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
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Priority: |
30.10.2018 IT 201800009904
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Date of publication of application: |
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06.05.2020 Bulletin 2020/19 |
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Proprietor: Rösler Italiana S.r.l. |
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20121 Milano, MI (IT) |
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Inventors: |
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- GIUSSANI, Alessandro
20063 Cernusco sul Naviglio MI (IT)
- FALZETTI, Angelo
16043 Chiavari GE (IT)
- CHATTERTON, Steven
20017 Rho MI (IT)
- PENNACCHI, Paolo Emilio Lino Maria
20145 Milano Mi (IT)
- LECIS, Nora
20124 Milano MI (IT)
- VEDANI, Maurizio
20837 Veduggio con Colzano MB (IT)
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Representative: Concone, Emanuele |
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Società Italiana Brevetti S.p.A.
Via Carducci 8 20123 Milano 20123 Milano (IT) |
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References cited: :
EP-A1- 0 598 369 WO-A1-2018/082776 CN-A- 108 214 272 US-A1- 2012 021 674
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EP-A1- 3 098 026 CN-A- 104 647 189 TW-B- I 568 537
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Note: Within nine months from the publication of the mention of the grant of the European
patent, any person may give notice to the European Patent Office of opposition to
the European patent
granted. Notice of opposition shall be filed in a written reasoned statement. It shall
not be deemed to
have been filed until the opposition fee has been paid. (Art. 99(1) European Patent
Convention).
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TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present description relates to a support for surface finishing, in particular
a support that can be used to support a piece during a surface finishing thereof.
The present description also relates to a machine and a process which can use such
a support.
FRAMEWORK OF THE DESCRIPTION
[0002] Known machines for surface finishing comprise a vibrating tank that can contain pieces
and abrasive elements suitable to treat the outer surface of these pieces when the
tank is vibrated. The pieces and the abrasive elements are free to move in the vibrating
tank, since they are not fastened to any support. Such known machines cannot treat
the inner surface of the pieces homogeneously, especially if these comprise ducts
of different shape and/or section, long and/or curved, such as those made with 3D
printers, so that the final results of the surface finishing are unsatisfactory.
[0003] EP3098026, upon the disclosure of which the preamble of claim 1 is drafted, discloses a vibratory
finishing apparatus comprising: a receptacle to receive media; a first fixture to:
support an object within the receptacle; and move the object relative to the receptacle
in at least a first direction; and a first guide to move relative to the receptacle
to direct movement of the media within the receptacle to a predetermined part of the
object.
[0004] EP0598369 discloses a device for the finishing of hanging parts by means of a vibrating machine,
the device consisting of a supporting element which is mobile vertically with respect
to the vibrating unit.
[0005] CN108214272 discloses a polishing method and a polishing device for an impeller cover plate of
a centrifugal pump.
[0006] WO2018/082776 discloses a device for surface treatment of one or more workpieces, comprising at
least one treatment tank for storing an abrasive mixture, and at least one manipulation
assembly with at least one workpiece holder for holding the workpiece.
[0007] CN104647189 discloses a device for mechanically grinding a magnesium alloy and a grinding method
based on the device, wherein the device comprises a platform, a treatment box, a motor,
an electric control device and a vibration generator.
[0008] US2012/021674 discloses a grinding or polishing apparatus and method for grinding or polishing
at least one workpiece, in particular having a ferromagnetic property, by way of barrel
finishing, having at least one pot-like treatment container, mounted so as to be able
to oscillate, for receiving one or more workpieces and grinding or polishing elements.
[0009] TWI568537B discloses a vibratory mill machine structure, which comprises a body provided
with a cavity and a convex portion is arranged at the center of the cavity with an
accommodation portion; and a lifting group fixed to the accommodation portion comprises
a first seat body and a second seat body.
SUMMARY OF THE DESCRIPTION
[0010] The object of the present description is therefore to provide a machine which is
free from these drawbacks. Said object is achieved with a particular support, a machine
and a process, whose main features are specified in the attached claims.
[0011] Thanks to the particular support for the pieces to be treated, the machine is able
to perform a suitable finishing not only of the outer surface of the pieces but also
of their inner surfaces, in particular long and/or curved ducts.
[0012] The support is preferably fixed to the vibrating tank of the machine to vibrate with
it and induce further vibrations to the piece, in particular vibrations close to the
resonant frequency of the support, so as to optimize the effect of the vibrations
for the surface finishing of the piece.
[0013] The support preferably comprises at least one joint, a counterweight, a vibrator
and/or an actuator to further improve the speed and/or quality of the surface finishing
of the piece fixed to the support.
[0014] The fastening device and/or the joint of the support can be fixed in a removable
manner respectively to two ends of the elastic member, preferably a bar made of spring
steel having a round or square section with a given length, so as to adapt the support
to the particular piece to be treated.
[0015] The machine preferably comprises means for rotating the support around an axis, in
particular a substantially horizontal axis, so as to be able to arrange the piece
both inside the mass of the abrasive elements and outside this mass, so as to adjust
the processing times of the surface finishing, even for different pieces arranged
in the same vibrating tank.
[0016] The support and/or the machine preferably exploit the movement of the abrasive elements
to rotate the pieces around one or more axes in the vibrating tank and/or above it.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] Further advantages and characteristics of the support, the machine and the process
will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed and nonlimiting
description of some embodiments thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings
in which:
- figure 1 shows a first axonometric view of a piece to be treated;
- figure 2 shows a second axonometric view of the piece of figure 1;
- figure 3 shows a front view of the piece of figure 1;
- figure 4 shows section IV-IV of figure 3;
- figure 5 shows a first axonometric view of a first embodiment of the support with
the piece of figure 1;
- figure 6 shows a second axonometric view of the support of figure 5;
- figure 7 shows a side view of the support of figure 5;
- figure 8 shows section VIII-VIII of figure 7;
- figure 9 shows an axonometric view of a second embodiment of the support with the
piece of figure 1;
- figure 10 shows a side view of the support of figure 9;
- figure 11 shows section XI-XI of figure 10;
- figure 12 shows an axonometric view of a third embodiment of the support with the
piece of figure 1;
- figure 13 shows a side view of the support of figure 12;
- figure 14 shows section XIV-XIV of figure 13;
- figure 15 shows a first axonometric view of a fourth embodiment of the support with
the piece of figure 1;
- figure 16 shows a second axonometric view of the support of figure 15;
- figure 17 shows a side view of the support of figure 15;
- figure 18 shows section XVIII-XVIII of figure 17;
- figure 19 shows a front view of the support of figure 15;
- figure 20 shows an axonometric view of a fifth embodiment of the support with the
piece of figure 1;
- figure 21 shows a side view of the support of figure 20;
- figure 22 shows section XXII-XXII of figure 21;
- figure 23 shows an axonometric view of the sole vibrating tank of a first embodiment
of the machine;
- figure 24 shows a top view of the machine of figure 23;
- figure 25 shows section XXV-XXV of figure 24;
- figure 26 shows a vibrating body with two supports according to the first embodiment;
- figure 27 shows a first axonometric view of a second embodiment of the machine;
- figure 28 shows a second axonometric view of the machine of figure 27;
- figure 29 shows a top view of the machine of figure 27;
- figure 30 shows section XXX-XXX of figure 29;
- figure 31 shows section XXXI-XXXI of figure 29.
EXPLANATORY EMBODIMENTS
[0018] Referring to figures 1 to 4, it is seen that a piece 1 to be subjected to surface
finishing may comprise one or more ducts 2, 3 that can be opened towards the outside
of the piece 1 at one or both ends and present one or more bends 4, 5 inside the piece
1, for example a bend 4 of 180° and two bends 5 of 90° in the duct 3 and a bend 5
of 90° in the duct 2. The piece 1 can also comprise one or more openings 6, for example
four slots, to house the shank of a screw 7 (only the respective head is shown with
dashed lines in the figures). The ducts 2, 3 can have different dimensions and shapes,
in particular a prevalently circular section with a substantially constant diameter
d, for example of about 10 mm.
[0019] With reference to figures 5 to 8, it is seen that the support 10 according to a first
embodiment comprises a fastening device 11 suitable to be joined to at least one piece
1 to be treated, for example by means of a base 12 provided with threaded holes for
the screws 7. Further means for fixing the piece 1 to the fastening device 11 can
include vices, magnets or other mechanisms. The fastening device 11 comprises at least
one articulation 13 suitable to rotate the piece 1 (in the direction of the arrow
of figure 7) around a first axis A1 and lock it in a desired position. The movable
portion of the articulation 13 is joined to the base 12. The fastening device 11 also
comprises at least one counterweight 14 which protrudes from the support 10 along
a second axis A2. The counterweight 14 comprises an arm 15 and is adapted to move
the center of gravity of the fastening device 11 with the piece 1. The position of
the arm 15 can be modified in the fastening device 11, so as to modify the position
of the axis A2 with respect to the piece 1. In particular, by acting on jaws arranged
at the end of the arm 15 opposite to the counterweight 14, the axis A2 can be rotated
in various positions lying on a plane parallel to the axis A1. The counterweight 14
can comprise one or more rings, for example having a mass of about 0,5 kg.
[0020] The fastening device 11 is connected through at least one elastic member 16 to at
least one joint 17 suitable to be fixed to a vibrating body, for example by means
of a flange integral with the joint 17. The fastening device 11 and/or the joint 17
are preferably fixed respectively to two ends of the elastic member 16, in particular
in a removable manner, for example by means of jaws. The jaws of the fastening device
11 and/or of the joint 17 have a shape complementary to the section of the elastic
member 16. The elastic member 16 extends along a longitudinal axis L and preferably
comprises only a rectilinear bar which can be full or hollow with a polygonal, circular
or elliptical section, in particular with a square section. In other embodiments,
the elastic member 16 may have shapes other than a rectilinear bar, for example a
helical shape and/or may be formed by several parts which are joined to each other.
The elastic member 16 is preferably made of metal, in particular spring steel. The
elastic member 16 can flex and/or twist if the joint 17 is vibrated with an amplitude
XI and a frequency F1, so that the fastening device 11 can vibrate with an amplitude
X2 and/or a frequency F2 different from those of the joint 17. The elastic member
16 preferably has a length of between 100 and 300 mm, in particular between 150 and
250 mm, and can be replaced with another elastic member having a different length
by acting on the jaws of the fastening device 11 and of the joint 17. The first axis
A1 of the articulation 13 and/or the second axis A2 of the counterweight 14 are substantially
perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L of the elastic member 16.
[0021] Referring to figures 9 to 11, it is seen that the support 10 according to a second
embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the fastening device 11 includes
also an actuator suitable to rotate the piece 1 around a third axis A3. This actuator
may comprise a driven shaft 18 adapted to be operated by an electric motor 19 fixed
to the fastening device 11. The driven shaft 18 can be connected to the base 12 directly
or through the articulation 13, if present. The first axis A1 of the articulation
13, when the electric motor 19 is operating, rotates on a plane substantially parallel
to the longitudinal axis L of the elastic member 16. The third axis A3 is substantially
perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L of the elastic member 16. The base 12 cannot
be arranged along the longitudinal axis L of the elastic member 16 as in the first
embodiment of the support 10 but can protrude from one side of the fastening device
11, so that the axis longitudinal L does not pass through the piece 1.
[0022] Referring to figures 12 to 14, it is seen that the support 10 according to a third
embodiment differs from the second embodiment in that the fastening device 11 comprises,
in addition or as an alternative to the articulation 13, a vibrator 20 suitable to
vibrate the piece 1 around and/or along one or more axes. The vibrator 20 may comprise
a plurality of exciters, in particular four 25 W electric exciters, which can vibrate
at a frequency of 1000-5000 Hz and/or are contained in a housing arranged between
the base 12 and the driven shaft 18.
[0023] With reference to figures 15 to 19, it is seen that the support 10 according to a
fourth embodiment differs from the second embodiment in that the driven shaft 18 of
the actuator suitable to rotate the piece 1 around the third axis A3 can be operated,
instead of the motor 19, by a rotor 21 provided with blades and adapted to be driven
in turn by the motion of abrasive elements arranged in a vibrating tank.
[0024] With reference to figures 20 to 22, it is seen that the support 10 according to a
fifth embodiment differs from the second embodiment in that the driven shaft 18 of
the actuator suitable to rotate the piece 1 around the third axis A3 can be operated
by an electric motor 19 through a transmission comprising a transmission shaft 22
arranged coaxially in the elastic member 16, which is hollow. The transmission may
further comprise a bevel gear 23 which is arranged in the fastening device 11 and
is suitable to transmit the rotary motion from the transmission shaft 22 to the driven
shaft 18. The electric motor 19 may be fixed to the joint 17.
[0025] With reference to figures 23 to 25, it is seen that the joints 17 of four supports
10 (in particular according to the first, second, third and fourth embodiments) are
fixed to a vibrating body 30, so that the pieces 1 fixed the supports 10 are arranged
in a vibrating tank 31 of a first embodiment of a machine which can be filled with
abrasive elements (not shown in the figures) for the surface finishing of the pieces
1 joined to the supports 10. The vibrating body 30 is preferably fixed to the vibrating
tank 31, so that the vibrating body 30 can vibrate together with the vibrating tank
31 when the latter is driven by one or more vibrators 32, in particular two vibrators
(not shown in the figure 23) which are driven by an electric motor and are fixed on
an external surface, in particular a lateral surface, of the vibrating tank 31. In
the figures, the vibrators are shown solid for simplicity. The vibrating tank 31 may
have a substantially cylindrical or annular shape with the central axis C oriented
in a substantially vertical manner. The longitudinal axis L of the elastic members
16 of the supports 10 is substantially parallel to the central axis C of the vibrating
tank 31. The vibrating tank 31 rests on one or more shock absorbers 33.
[0026] The vibrating body 30 may comprise a frame, for example cross-shaped, which is arranged
over the vibrating tank 31. The joints 17 of the supports 10 may be fixed to the vibrating
body 30 by means of screws. The vibrating body 30 is joined to a spacer 34, in particular
a shaft, which connects the vibrating body 30 to the vibrating tank 31. The spacer
34 is preferably fixed in a central area of the vibrating tank 31, so that the central
axis C of the vibrating tank 31 passes through the spacer 34, in particular coaxially.
In particular, the spacer 34 can be fixed to a dome 35 which protrudes from the base
of the vibrating tank 31.
[0027] With reference to figure 26, it is seen that the joints 17 of two supports 10 (in
particular according to the first embodiment) may be joined to each other through
a vibrating body 40, in particular a sleeve provided with a central hole, so that
the longitudinal axes L of the elastic members 16 of the supports 10 are substantially
aligned to each other.
[0028] With reference to figures 27 to 31, it is seen that the joints 17 of two pairs of
supports 10 are fixed to two vibrating bodies 40 of figure 26, so that the pieces
1 fixed to the supports 10 can be arranged in a vibrating tank 41 of a second embodiment
of a machine which can be filled with abrasive elements (not shown in the figures)
to treat the pieces 1 joined to the supports 10. The vibrating bodies 40 are preferably
fixed to the vibrating tank 41, so that the vibrating bodies 40 vibrate together with
the vibrating tank 41, when the latter is operated by one or more vibrators 42, in
particular two vibrators which are driven by an electric motor and are arranged outside
the vibrating tank 41. The vibrating tank 41 has a substantially cylindrical shape
with the central axis C oriented in a substantially horizontal manner and/or the longitudinal
axis L of the elastic members 16 of the supports 10 is substantially perpendicular
to the central axis C of the vibrating tank 41. The vibrating tank 41 rests on one
or more shock absorbers 43.
[0029] The vibrating bodies 40 are joined to a spacer 44, in particular a shaft, which connects
the vibrating bodies 40 to the vibrating tank 41. The spacer 44 is preferably fixed
in a central area of the vibrating tank 41, so that the central axis C of the vibrating
tank 41 passes through the spacer 44, in particular coaxially. The spacer 44 can pass
through at least one wall of the vibrating tank 41 to be connected to at least one
motor 45 which is arranged outside the vibrating tank 41. The motor 45 can therefore
rotate the spacer 44 around its own axis, in particular around the central axis C
of the vibrating tank 41, so that the vibrating bodies 40 rotate the supports 10 and
the pieces 1 can be located in the mass of the abrasive elements contained in the
vibrating tank 41 or above this mass. Figure 30 shows a possible level M of the mass
of the abrasive elements in the vibrating tank 41, with two pieces 1 arranged above
and below this level M, respectively. The spacer 44 can be connected to one or more
brakes 46, in particular disc brakes arranged outside the vibrating tank 41, suitable
to prevent the rotation of the spacer 44, that is of the supports 10, around the axis
C, since the movement of the abrasive elements in the vibrating tank 41 can induce
this rotation even when the motor 45 is not working or is not present.
[0030] In the surface finishing process of the pieces 1, the vibrators 32, 42 can vibrate
the vibrating tank 31, 41 at a main frequency MF up to 100 Hz, in particular between
25 Hz and 55 Hz. The main frequency MF of vibration of the vibrating bowl 31, 41 is
adjusted so as to induce in the joints 17 of the supports 10 a vibration with an amplitude
XI at a vibration frequency F1 such that the amplitude X2 of the respective fastening
devices 11, namely of the pieces 1, is greater than the amplitude XI of the joints
17, namely X2>X1, and/or such that the vibration frequency F2 of the respective fastening
devices 11 is equal to the vibration frequency F1 of the joints 17, within a range
of ± 50%, i.e. 0,5<F1/F2 <1,5. In particular, the vibration frequency F1 of the joints
17 is substantially equal to the main frequency FM of the vibration of the vibrating
tank 31, 41. The particular vibration of the pieces 1 can be obtained by adjusting
the position of the articulations 13, the position and/or mass of the counterweights
14, the length of the elastic elements 16, and/or the frequency of the vibrators 32,
42, depending on the weight and of the dimensions of each piece 1. The abrasive elements
in the vibrating tank 31, 41 preferably have a substantially spherical shape with
a diameter comprised between 60% and 90% of the diameter d of the ducts 2, 3 of the
piece 1.
[0031] Any variants or additions may be made by those skilled in the art to the embodiments
herein described and illustrated, while remaining within the scope of the following
claims.
1. Support (1 comprising a fastening device (11) which is suitable to be joined by means
of a base (12) to at least one piece (1) to be treated in a vibrating tank (31; 41),
said fastening device (11) being connected through at least one elastic member (16)
to at least one joint (17), said joint (17) being suitable to be fixed to a vibrating
body (30, 40), wherein the elastic member (16) extends along a longitudinal axis (L),
so that the elastic member (16) can flex and/or twist if the joint (17) is vibrated,
characterized in that the fastening device (11) comprises at least one articulation (13), suitable to rotate
the piece (1) around a first axis (A1) and to lock it in a desired position, and at
least one counterweight (14) which projects along an axis (A2), wherein the first
axis (A1) of rotation of the articulation (13) and the second axis (A2) of the counterweight
(14) are substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (L) of the elastic member
(16), wherein said counterweight (14) protrudes from said support (10) along said
second axis (A2) and comprises an arm (15) a position of which can be modified and
adapted to move the center of gravity of the fastening device (11) so as to modify
a position of the second axis (A2) with respect to the piece (1), wherein by acting
on jaws arranged at an end of the arm (15) opposite to the counterweight (14) the
second axis (A2) can be rotated in various positions lying on a plane parallel to
the first axis (A1).
2. Support (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the fastening device (11) comprises an actuator (18) suitable to rotate the piece
(1) around an axis (A3) substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (L) of
the elastic member (16).
3. Support (10) according to the previous claim, characterized in that the actuator (18) comprises a driven shaft (18) suitable to be rotated by a rotor
(21) provided with blades or by an electric motor (19) fixed to the fastening device
(11) or to the joint (17).
4. Support (10) according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that the fastening device (11) comprises a vibrator (20) suitable to vibrate the piece
(1) around and/or along one or more axes.
5. Support (10) according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that the fastening device (11) and/or the joint (17) are fixed respectively at two ends
of the elastic member (16) in a removable manner.
6. Machine comprising a vibrating tank (31; 41) suitable to contain at least one piece
(1) to be treated, characterized in that the machine also comprises at least one support (10) according to one of the previous
claims.
7. Machine according to the previous claim, characterized in that the vibrating tank (31; 41) has a substantially cylindrical or annular shape with
a central axis (C) and that the longitudinal axis (L) of the support (10) is substantially
parallel or substantially perpendicular to this central axis (C).
8. Machine according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the support (10) can rotate in the vibrating tank (41) around a substantially horizontal
axis (C).
9. Machine according to one of the claims from 6 to 8, characterized in that the joint (17) of the support (10) is fixed to at least one vibrating body (30; 40)
suitable to vibrate when the vibrating tank (31; 41) is driven by one or more vibrators
(32; 42).
10. Machine according to the previous claim, characterized in that the vibrating body (30; 40) is fixed to the vibrating tank (31; 41) by means of at
least one spacer (34; 44), so that the vibrating body (30; 40) can vibrate together
with the vibrating tank (31; 41).
11. Machine according to the previous claim, characterized in that the spacer (44) is suitable to rotate around an axis (C) by means of at least one
motor (45) and/or the movement of abrasive members arranged in the vibrating tank
(31; 41).
12. Machine according to the previous claim, characterized in that the spacer (44) is connected to one or more brakes (46) suitable to prevent the rotation
of the spacer (44) around the axis (C).
13. Process for the surface finishing of at least one piece (1) in a vibrating tank (31;
41),
characterized in that it comprises the following operating steps:
- providing a support (10) according to one of the claims 1 to 6;
- fastening the piece (1) to the support (10);
- arranging the piece (1) fastened to the support (10) in a vibrating tank (31; 41)
together with abrasive members, wherein the vibrating tank (31, 41) vibrates at a
main frequency (MF);
- vibrating the joint (17) of the support (10).
14. Process according to the previous claim, characterized in that the joint (17) of the support (10) vibrates with an amplitude (X1) at a vibration
frequency (F1) such that the amplitude (X2) of the vibration of the fastening device
(11) of the support (10) is greater than the amplitude (X1) of the vibration of the
joint (17) and/or such that the vibration frequency (F2) of the fastening device (11)
is equal to the vibration frequency (F1) of the joint (17), within a range of ± 50%.
15. Process according to the previous claim, characterized in that the vibration frequency (F1) of the joint (17) is substantially equal to the main
frequency (FM) of the vibration of the vibrating tank (31; 41).
16. Process according to one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that the abrasive elements in the vibrating tank (31; 41) have a substantially spherical
shape with a diameter of 60% to 90% of the diameter (d) of ducts (2, 3) present in
the piece (1).
17. Process according to one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that the vibrating tank (31; 41) belongs to a machine according to one of claims 6 to
12.
1. Träger (10), umfassend eine Befestigungseinrichtung (11), die geeignet ist, mittels
einer Basis (12) an wenigstens einem Teil (1) angeschlossen zu werden, das in einem
Rüttelbehälter (31; 41) behandelt werden soll, wobei die besagte Befestigungseinrichtung
(11) über wenigstens ein elastisches Element (16) an wenigstens einem Verbindungsteil
(17) befestigt ist, welches dazu geeignet ist, an einem Rüttelkörper (30, 40) befestigt
zu werden, wobei sich das elastische Element (16) entlang einer Längsachse (L) erstreckt,
so dass sich das elastische Element (16) biegen und/oder verdrehen kann, wenn das
Verbindungsteil (17) gerüttelt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Befestigungseinrichtung (11) wenigstens eine Gelenkverbindung (13) umfasst, die
dazu geeignet ist, das Teil (1) um eine erste Achse (A1) zu rotieren und es in einer
gewünschten Position zu arretieren, sowie wenigstens ein Gegengewicht (14), das entlang
einer Achse (A2) herausragt, wobei die erste Rotationsachse (A1) der Gelenkverbindung
(13) und die zweite Achse (A2) des Gegengewichts (14) substantiell rechtwinklig zu
der Längsachse (L) des elastischen Elements (16) sind, wobei das besagte Gegengewicht
(14) von dem Träger (10) entlang der besagten zweiten Achse (A2) heraussteht und einen
Arm (15) umfasst, dessen Position modifiziert und angepasst werden kann, um den Schwerpunkt
der Befestigungseinrichtung (11) zu verschieben und um die Position der zweiten Achse
(A2) gegenüber dem Teil (1) zu verändern, wobei durch Einwirken auf Klemmbacken, welche
an einem Ende des Arms (15), dem Gegengewicht (14) gegenüber liegend, angeordnet sind,
die zweite Achse (A2) in verschiedene Stellungen gedreht werden kann, die in einer
Ebene parallel zu der ersten Achse (A1) liegen.
2. Träger (10) gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Befestigungseinrichtung (11) einen Aktuator (18) umfasst, der in der Lage ist,
das Teil (1) um eine Achse (A3), die substantiell rechtwinklig zu der Längsachse (L)
des elastischen Elements (16) ist, zu rotieren.
3. Träger (10) gemäß dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Aktuator (18) eine Antriebswelle (18) aufweist, die dazu geeignet ist, von einem
mit Schaufelblättern versehenen Rotor (21) oder von einem elektrischen Motor (19),
der an der Befestigungseinrichtung (11) oder an dem Verbindungsstück (17) festgelegt
ist, rotiert zu werden.
4. Träger (10) gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Befestigungseinrichtung (11) einen Rüttler (20) umfasst, die dazu geeignet ist,
das Teil (1) um und/oder entlang einer oder mehreren Achsen zu vibrieren.
5. Träger (10) gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Befestigungseinrichtung (11) und/oder das Verbindungsteil (17) jeweils an zwei
Enden des elastischen Elements (16) lösbar befestigt ist.
6. Maschine, umfassend einen Rüttelbehälter (31; 41), der dazu geeignet ist, wenigstens
ein zu behandelndes Teil (1) aufzunehmen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Maschine auch wenigstens einen Träger (10) gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche
umfasst.
7. Maschine gemäß dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Rüttelbehälter (31; 41) eine substantiell zylindrische oder ringförmige Gestalt
mit einer zentralen Achse (C) aufweist, und dass die Längsachse (L) des Trägers (10)
substantiell parallel oder substantiell rechtwinklig zu dieser zentralen Achse (C)
ist.
8. Maschine gemäß Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Träger (10) in dem Rüttelbehälter (41) um eine substantiell horizontale Achse
(C) rotieren kann.
9. Maschine gemäß einem der Ansprüche von 6 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verbindungsteil (17) des Trägers (10) an wenigstens einem Rüttelkörper (30; 40)
befestigt ist, der dazu geeignet ist, zu vibrieren, wenn der Rüttelbehälter (31; 41)
durch einen oder mehrere Rüttler (32; 42) angetrieben wird.
10. Maschine gemäß dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Rüttelkörper (30; 40) an dem Rüttelbehälter (31; 41) mittels wenigstens eines
Abstandhalters (34; 44) festgelegt ist, so dass der Rüttelkörper (30;40) gemeinsam
mit dem Rüttelbehälter (31; 41) vibrieren kann.
11. Maschine gemäß dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Abstandhalter (44) dazu geeignet ist, vermittels wenigstens eines Motors (45)
und/oder der Bewegung von abrasiven Elementen, die in dem Rüttelbehälter (31; 41)
angeordnet sind, um eine Achse (C) zu rotieren.
12. Maschine gemäß dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Abstandhalter (44) an einer oder mehreren Klammern (46) angeschlossen ist, die
dazu geeignet ist/sind, die Rotation des Abstandhalters (44) um die Achse (C) zu verhindern.
13. Verfahren zur Oberflächenbearbeitung von wenigstens einem Teil (1) in einem Rüttelbehälter
(31; 41),
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es die folgenden Bearbeitungsschritte umfasst:
- Bereitstellen eines Trägers (10) gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6;
- Befestigen des Teils (1) an dem Träger (10);
- Anordnen des an dem Träger (10) befestigten Teils (1) zusammen mit abrasiven Elementen
in einem Rüttelbehälter (31; 41), wobei der Rüttelbehälter (31; 41) mit einer Hauptfrequenz
(MF) vibriert;
- Vibrieren des Verbindungsteils (17) des Trägers (10).
14. Verfahren gemäß dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verbindungsteil (17) des Trägers (10) mit einer Amplitude (X1) bei einer Vibrationsfrequenz
(F1) vibriert, derart, dass die Amplitude (X2) der Vibration der Befestigungseinrichtung
(11) des Trägers (10) größer ist als die Amplitude (X1) der Vibration des Verbindungsteils
(17), und/oder derart, dass die Vibrationsfrequenz (F2) der Befestigungseinrichtung
(11) gleich der Vibrationsfrequenz (F1) des Verbindungsteils (17), innerhalb eines
Bereichs von ± 50 %, ist.
15. Verfahren gemäß dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rüttelfrequenz (F1) des Verbindungsstücks (17) substantiell gleich der Hauptfrequenz
(FM) der Vibration des Rüttelbehälters (31; 41) ist.
16. Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 13 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die abrasiven Elemente in dem Rüttelbehälter (31; 41) eine substantielle Kugelform
aufweisen mit einem Durchmesser von 60 % bis 90 % des Durchmessers (d) der Kanäle
(2, 3), die in dem Teil 1 vorhanden sind.
17. Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 13 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Rüttelbehälter (31; 41) zu einer Maschine nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 12 gehört.
1. Support comprenant un dispositif de fixation (11) qui est approprié pour être assemblé
au moyen d'une base (12) à au moins une pièce (1) à traiter dans une cuve vibrante
(31 ; 41), ledit dispositif de fixation (11) étant raccordé par le biais d'au moins
un élément élastique (16) à au moins un joint (17), ledit joint (17) étant approprié
pour être fixé sur un corps vibrant (30, 40), dans lequel l'élément élastique (16)
s'étend le long d'un axe longitudinal (L), de sorte que l'élément élastique (16) peut
fléchir et/ou se tordre si le joint (17) subit une vibration, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de fixation (11) comprend au moins une articulation (13) appropriée
pour faire tourner la pièce (1) autour d'un premier axe (A1) et la bloquer dans une
position souhaitée, et au moins un contrepoids (14) qui fait saillie le long d'un
axe (A2), dans lequel le premier axe (A1) de rotation de l'articulation (13) et le
second axe (A2) du contrepoids (14) sont sensiblement perpendiculaires à l'axe longitudinal
(L) de l'élément élastique (16), dans lequel ledit contrepoids (14) fait saillie dudit
support (10) le long dudit second axe (A2) et comprend un bras (15), dont une position
peut être modifiée et adaptée pour déplacer le centre de gravité du dispositif de
fixation (11) afin de modifier une position du second axe (A2) par rapport à la pièce
(1), dans lequel en agissant sur des mâchoires agencées au niveau d'une extrémité
du bras (15) opposé au contrepoids (14), le second axe (A2) peut tourner dans différentes
positions se trouvant sur un plan parallèle au premier axe (A1).
2. Support (10) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de fixation (11) comprend un actionneur (18) approprié pour faire tourner
la pièce (1) autour d'un axe (A3) sensiblement perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal
(L) de l'élément élastique (16).
3. Support (10) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que l'actionneur (18) comprend un arbre entraîné (18) approprié pour être entraîné en
rotation par un rotor (21) doté de pales ou par un moteur électrique (19) fixé sur
le dispositif de fixation (11) ou sur le joint (17).
4. Support (10) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de fixation (11) comprend un vibrateur (20) approprié pour faire vibrer
la pièce (1) autour et/ou le long d'un ou de plusieurs axes.
5. Support (10) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de fixation (11) et/ou le joint (17) sont fixés respectivement aux
deux extrémités de l'élément élastique (16) d'une manière amovible.
6. Machine comprenant une cuve vibrante (31 ; 41) appropriée pour contenir au moins une
pièce (1) à traiter, caractérisée en ce que la machine comprend également au moins un support (10) selon l'une des revendications
précédentes.
7. Machine selon la revendication précédente, caractérisée en ce que la cuve vibrante (31 ; 41) a une forme sensiblement cylindrique ou annulaire avec
un axe central (C) et en ce que l'axe longitudinal (L) du support (10) est sensiblement parallèle ou sensiblement
perpendiculaire à cet axe central (C).
8. Machine selon la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisée en ce que le support (10) peut tourner dans la cuve vibrante (41) autour d'un axe sensiblement
horizontal (C).
9. Machine selon l'une des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisée en ce que le joint (17) du support (10) est fixé à au moins un corps vibrant (30 ; 40) approprié
pour vibrer lorsque la cuve vibrante (31 ; 41) est entraînée par un ou plusieurs vibrateurs
(32 ; 42).
10. Machine selon la revendication précédente, caractérisée en ce que le corps vibrant (30 ; 40) est fixé sur la cuve vibrante (31 ; 41) au moyen d'au
moins un dispositif d'espacement (34 ; 44) de sorte que le corps vibrant (30 ; 40)
peut vibrer conjointement avec la cuve vibrante (31 ; 41).
11. Machine selon la revendication précédente, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif d'espacement (44) est approprié pour tourner autour d'un axe (C) au
moyen d'au moins un moteur (45) et/ou du mouvement des éléments abrasifs agencés dans
la cuve vibrante (31 ; 41).
12. Machine selon la revendication précédente, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif d'espacement (44) est raccordé à un ou plusieurs freins (46) appropriés
pour empêcher la rotation du dispositif d'espacement (44) autour de l'axe (C).
13. Procédé de finition de surface d'au moins une pièce (1) dans une cuve vibrante (31
; 41),
caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend les étapes suivantes :
prévoir un support (10) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6 ;
fixer la pièce (1) sur le support (10) ;
agencer la pièce (1) fixée sur le support (10) dans une cuve vibrante (31 ; 41) conjointement
avec des éléments abrasifs, dans lequel la cuve vibrante (31, 41) vibre à une fréquence
principale (MF) ;
faire vibrer le joint (17) du support (10).
14. Procédé selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que le joint (17) du support (10) vibre avec une amplitude (X1) à une fréquence de vibration
(F1) de sorte que l'amplitude (X2) de la vibration du dispositif de fixation (11)
du support (10) est supérieure à l'amplitude (X1) de la vibration du joint (17) et/ou
de sorte que la fréquence de vibration (F2) du dispositif de fixation (11) est égale
à la fréquence de vibration (F1) du joint (17), dans une plage de ± 50%.
15. Procédé selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que la fréquence de vibration (F1) du joint (17) est sensiblement égale à la fréquence
principale (FM) de la vibration de la cuve vibrante (31 ; 41).
16. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 13 à 15, caractérisé en ce que les éléments abrasifs dans la cuve vibrante (31 ; 41) ont une forme sensiblement
sphérique avec un diamètre représentant de 60 % à 90 % du diamètre (d) des conduits
(2, 3) présents dans la pièce (1).
17. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 13 à 16, caractérisé en ce que la cuve vibrante (31 ; 41) appartient à une machine selon l'une des revendications
6 à 12.
REFERENCES CITED IN THE DESCRIPTION
This list of references cited by the applicant is for the reader's convenience only.
It does not form part of the European patent document. Even though great care has
been taken in compiling the references, errors or omissions cannot be excluded and
the EPO disclaims all liability in this regard.
Patent documents cited in the description