TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention relates to a climatization container, for instance a refrigerator
or a freezer.
BACKGROUND
[0002] A climatization container comprises a container suitable for keeping contents stored
therein under particular climatic conditions, for instance within a predetermined
temperature or humidity range. Climatization containers are commonly used for storing
products such as food and beverages. Particular examples include refrigerators and
freezers where the primary requirement is to store food and beverages within a predetermined
temperature range. Where in the present document reference is made to a particular
example of a climatization container, for instance a refrigerator or freezer, this
should be understood to include all types of climatization containers unless the context
requires that it is limited to the particular example.
[0003] A climatization container may comprise a compartment defined by walls and closable
by a door, one or more drawers or a combination of both. Within the compartment is
a shelf support, or series of shelf supports, supporting one or more shelves. On each
shelf products, for instance food and beverage products, may be stored.
[0004] A climatization container typically requires air to be distributed around a compartment,
and for this a fan is provided to draw air in from one part of the compartment, channel
the air through a duct, and expel air to another part of the compartment. The fan
intake and outlet may be spaced apart to encourage air flow around the compartment.
For the example of a refrigerator or freezer, a cooling system will also be provided
to cool the air, and the fan may be provided upstream or downstream of the cooling
system. Particularly, the cooling system includes an evaporator within the duct such
that air passing through the duct passes over the evaporator to cool the air before
being expelled back into the compartment. The shape and disposition of the evaporator
within such a duct, and the shape of the duct itself, can have significant impact
on the efficiency of the cooling system.
[0005] It is an aim of certain examples of the present invention to increase the efficiency
of a cooling system for a climatization container.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0006] According to the present invention, there is provided a climatization container according
to claim 1.
[0007] Advantageously, for a climatization container according to the present invention,
the cooling system may be operated more efficiently because the air guide in the duct
directs air over the evaporator, rather than permitting air flow to bypass the evaporator.
Accordingly a greater proportion of the air passing through the duct is cooled by
the evaporator resulting in more efficient cooling and so the cooling system may be
operated for a smaller proportion of the time.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0008] Examples of the invention are further described hereinafter with reference to the
accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 illustrates a climatization container according to an example of the present
invention;
Figure 2 illustrates a partially exposed rear view of a climatization container with
air guides removed;
Figure 3 illustrates a partially exposed rear view of a climatization container according
to an example of the present invention;
Figure 4 illustrates a partially exposed rear-view perspective view of a climatization
container according to an example of the present invention;
Figure 5 illustrates a cross section view of a climatization container according to
an example of the present invention; and
Figure 6 illustrates alternative forms of air guides according to examples of the
present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0009] Referring to figure 1, this illustrates a refrigerator 1 according to an example
of the present invention. The refrigerator 1 may be for storing and cooling beverage
bottles in a direct sales environment, such as a bar or restaurant. The following
description refers to refrigerators as examples of climatization containers according
to the present invention. The invention is not limited only to refrigerators.
[0010] The refrigerator 1 includes a product display/cooling compartment. The refrigerator
1 is defined by side walls 3, 4, top wall 5, rear wall 6 and bottom wall 7. The compartment
2 is closable at the front by doors 8, in this example three doors. Alternatively,
the front of the compartment 2 may be closed off by one or more drawers. Or there
may be a combination of drawers and doors allowing access to products 9 within the
refrigerator (in this example, beverage bottles).
[0011] Figure 2 illustrates a reverse view of the refrigerator 1 with a back wall removed
to illustrate components of a cooling system. The detail of the cooling system may
in most respects be entirely conventional and so will not be described in detail.
The refrigerator 1 may be constructed with a double wall surrounding the sides and
rear of the compartment 2. That is, the compartment 2 may be defined by walls and
the refrigerator 1 may have an outer shell 10. Insulation (not illustrated) may be
provided between the compartment walls and the outer shell 10 surrounding at least
part of the compartment 2. At the rear of the compartment 2 a duct 11 is provided
between the rear wall of the compartment 2 (an inner wall) and the outer shell 10
(or an intervening wall defining the rear of the duct 11). The duct 11 comprises a
vertical channel between the rear wall of the compartment 2 and the outer shell of
the refrigerator 1 (or between the rear wall of the compartment 2 and an intervening
vertical wall). In the example of figure 2 the duct 11 extends substantially the full
width of the refrigerator 1 between walls 3 and 4, and the majority of the height
of the refrigerator 1 from the top 5. The duct 11 thus comprises a generally cuboid
form that is generally the width of the refrigerator, tall and relatively shallow
(as will be apparent from the side view of figure 5 described below). It will be understood
that in other examples the duct 11 may be provided upon a side of the compartment
2 instead of the rear of the compartment.
[0012] Figure 2 further illustrates three fans 12 which extend through the rear wall of
the compartment 2 so that air may be drawn into the duct 11 from the compartment 2.
The number of fans 12 will depend on the width of the refrigerator 1 and the required
volume of air to be moved. A slotted grill 13 returns air from the duct into the compartment
2. The grill 13 is an example of a vent or orifice through which air may pass. The
particular form of the grill 13 is not essential to the invention. It will be appreciated
that the fans 12 may operate in reverse: they may draw air through the duct 11 and
expel the air into the compartment 2. Furthermore, the positions of the fans 12 and
the slotted grill 13 may be reversed. Positioning the duct 11 behind the product compartment
2 (with fans at the top or bottom) maximises the product display capacity within the
compartment relative to positioning the fans and the duct to one side.
[0013] The cooling system further comprises an evaporator 14, which may be referred to as
an evaporator plate, and a compressor 15. Briefly, the compressor 15 compresses a
refrigerant which is then circulated through the evaporator 14. Heat is transferred
from air passing through the duct 11 to the refrigerant as it evaporates such that
the air is cooled before it is expelled into the compartment 2 through the slotted
grill 13. The compressor 15 (and further unlabelled portions of the cooling system)
is located within a cooling system compartment 16 below the duct 11. That is, in a
vertical direction, the duct 11 is defined between the top wall 5 of the refrigerator
1 and the cooling compartment 16. Certain components, for instance a drip tray 17,
have been removed in figure 2 in order to avoid obscuring features of the duct 11.
Drip tray 17 is visible in figures 4. Generally, the fans 12 are located at the top
of the duct 11 distributed across the width of the duct 11, and the slotted grill
13 extends across the full width of the duct 11 (and indeed substantially the full
width of the refrigerator 1) such that air drawn through the duct 11 by the fans 12
is expelled towards the bottom of compartment 2 across the full width of the compartment
2.
[0014] Evaporator 14 is illustrated as a substantially flat plate, though the exact form
may vary significantly in ways that extend beyond the present invention. The evaporator
14 may be disposed in the middle of the duct 11 (along an axis extending from the
front to the rear of the refrigerator 1) such that air can flow both in front of and
behind the evaporator 14 (which is more clearly visible in the cross-section side
view of figure 5). To enable this flow over both sides of the evaporator 14, the evaporator
14 is spaced from the top of the duct (such that the fans 12 are visible in figure
2) and is spaced from the bottom of the duct 11 (such that part of the slotted grill
13 is visible underneath the evaporator 14).
[0015] It is desirable to maximise the heat exchange between air in the duct 11 and the
evaporator 14 by maximising the degree to which the air flow passes over the surfaces
of the evaporator 14. This increases the efficiency of the evaporator 14, and hence
the overall efficiency of the cooling system (resulting in the cooling system being
operated for a smaller proportion of the time and the refrigerator 1 as a whole being
more energy efficient). However, a competing requirement with energy efficiency is
cost. The refrigerator 1 of figure 1 is shown as a three-door refrigerator 1. However,
it may be desirable to have a range of refrigerators with different configurations
of doors and drawers, and hence different overall widths. To reduce costs it is desirable
to standard components across the range of refrigerators as far as possible, including
standardising components of the cooling system.
[0016] One option for standardisation is to use an evaporator 14 having a standard width
regardless of the width of the refrigerator 1. As illustrated in figure 2, the evaporator
14 is less wide than the overall width of the duct 11 and the refrigerator 1 so that
it may also be used in a narrower refrigerator 1 (for instance, one having only two
doors). Figure 2 illustrates the situation which would occur, other than for the use
of air guides according to the present invention (described and illustrated below
in connection with figures 3, 4 and 6). In figure 2 it is possible for air to pass
from the outer pair of fans 12 to the outer extremities of the slotted grill 13 without
passing over the evaporator 14. That is, a portion of the air flow generated by outer
fans 12 passes to the left and to the right of the evaporator 14 in the view of figure
2 as indicated by the dashed lines. This portion of the air flow may either avoid
the evaporator entirely or may only partially pass over the surface of the evaporator
and so is not cooled effectively. The efficiency of the cooling system is compromised
by the use of an evaporator 14 that is less wide than the duct 11. Furthermore, air
returning to the compartment 2 through the side portions of the slotted grill 13 may
be warmer than air returning through the centre of the slotted grill 13. This may
lead to uneven cooling of products within the compartment 2. This compromised efficiency
is avoided through the present invention.
[0017] Figures 3 and 4 illustrate the rear portion of a refrigerator 1 with the back portion
of the outer shell removed to expose duct 11. As for figure 2, further components
have been removed, including any rear wall to the duct 11 other than the refrigerator
outer shell, in order to clearly illustrate the duct 11. Figure 4 differs from figure
3 in that a drip tray 17 has been retained. The drip tray 17 runs underneath the evaporator
14 and serves to collect condensate from the evaporator 14. A drain (not highlighted
in figure 4) is provided to drain the condensate from the drip tray 17.
[0018] According to the present invention, the refrigerator 1 further comprises one or more
air guides 18. Figures 3 and 4 illustrate two air guides 18 positioned either side
of the evaporator 14, but the invention is not limited to this. For instance, the
evaporator 14 may be positioned to one side of the duct 11 and a larger air guide
18 provided on the other side of the duct 11 (that is, the position of the evaporator
14 may be asymmetrical in the air duct 11). Each air guide 18 serves to close off
a portion of the duct 11 to prevent air from flowing through that region. In a depth
direction (along an axis extending from the front to the rear of the refrigerator
1) each air guide 11 completely fills the volume between front and rear sides of the
duct 11 to block air flow. Figures 3 and 4 show each air guide 18 as rectangular with
rounded corners, but the shape will vary significantly according to the particular
desired air flow for a given configuration of duct 11, evaporator 14, fans 12 and
slotted grill 13. In the example of figures 3 and 4 the air guides 18 are generally
thin and loop out from a side wall and return to the side wall of the duct 11. In
alternative examples the air guides may fill the enclosed portion of the duct 11.
The duct has an inlet and an outlet defining a flow direction therebetween. The evaporator
is located in the duct between the inlet and the outlet, the evaporator being narrower
than the duct in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction and in a plane defined
by a surface of the evaporator, and the air guide is located in the duct to one side
of the evaporator in the perpendicular direction such that it directs air through
the duct over the surface of the evaporator.
[0019] In the example of figures 3 and 4 the air guides extend fully to the sides of the
duct 11 (in addition to filling the full thickness of the duct 11) thereby preventing
air flow from passing outside of the air guides 18. However, this is not an essential
feature: it may be that an alternative shape of air guide 18 serves to channel air
from fans 12 without extending to the sides of the duct 11. For instance, an air guide
18 may extend from a top part of the duct 11 to a bottom part of the duct 11 without
reaching to the sides. It is not essential that an air guide 18 necessary reaches
any side (or top or bottom) of the duct 11. In an alternative example an air guide
may be relatively small compared to the overall size of the duct 11 and other components
and positioned close to a fan 12 (or grill 13 if the air flow in the duct 11 is reversed)
in order to guide air flow over the evaporator 14 without partially or completely
closing off a portion of the duct 11.
[0020] Each air guide 18 serves to direct air flow from the fans 12 to the slotted grill
13 so as to maximise the air flow over the evaporator 14. Accordingly, as shown in
figures 3 and 4 the air guides approach close to the evaporator 14 to substantially
prevent air from passing to the left or to the right of the evaporator 14 in the view
of figure 3. In other examples the or each air guide 18 may touch the evaporator 14.
This channelling of air flow through the duct 11 over the evaporator 14 increases
the efficiency of heat transfer.
[0021] In the example of figures 3 and 4 the air guides 18 return to the sides of the duct
in their lower part so as to permit air flow to reach the full width of slotted grill
13. In other examples, the air guides 18 may be shaped to direct the air flow to any
portion of a slotted grill 13 to provide for optimal return of air into the compartment
2. In other examples the air guides 18 may approach close to the fans 12 in their
upper part to channel air flow over the evaporator 14.
[0022] In figure 3 dimensions for an example refrigerator 1 and certain components are indicated,
in millimetres. The illustrated refrigerator 1 has a horizontal orientation. Similarly
the duct 11 and evaporator 14 are horizontally orientated. The duct 11 is 524 mm tall
and 1579 mm wide. Each air guide 18 is 290 mm tall and 160 mm wide, with a radius
of curvature at each corner of 100 mm. Each air guide 18 may be formed, for instance,
from shaped foam which is glued in position within the duct 11, for instance using
self-adhesive tape. The thickness of each air guide 18 is not a critical dimension
given that the air guide 18 extends to the side of the duct and so entirely closes
off a contained portion of the duct 11.
[0023] Turning now to figure 5, this is a cross sectional view through a refrigerator 1.
Duct 11 can be seen to be defined between a rear wall 19 of compartment 2 and a rear
duct wall 20. The evaporator 14 is positioned midway between walls 19 and 20 such
that air passes in front of and behind the evaporator 14, as illustrated by the vertical
arrows. Air is drawn into the duct by fan 12 as illustrated by the right arrow and
expelled back into compartment 2 through slotted grill 13 as illustrated by the left
arrows. The larger, upper left arrow is indicative of a larger volume of air passing
in front of evaporator 14 (to the left in figure 5) and a smaller volume of air passing
behind evaporator 14 and then under the evaporator 14 to reach slotted grill 13. Air
flowing in front of the evaporator 14 may also be higher speed.
[0024] In figure 5 the fan is illustrated as being orientated vertically. However, the fan
may be inclined forwards or backwards in order to control the pressure differential
across the fan and to direct the flow of air from compartment 2 into duct 11.
[0025] Figure 6 illustrates three different forms of air guide 18. (a) is the same form
of air guide illustrated in figures 3 and 4. This may be formed from foam, for instance
shaped foam with an adhesive tape backing to reduce mounting time during refrigerator
construction. Advantageously, foam and similar materials may be readily formed in
any shape for any desired air flow, with minimal turbulence by avoiding sharp corners.
(b) and (c) illustrate alternatives formed from shaped channels which may be made
from metal or plastic. The skilled person will realise that the chosen shape will
depend on the particular shape and disposition of duct, fans, grill and evaporator,
together with the desired air flow. In designing the required shape of air guide,
the skilled person will further take account of the specified cooling within the compartment
storing products, together with specified air flow volumes between the compartment
and the duct. Preferably, an air guide ensures that air within the duct is directed
exclusively over the evaporator and then (if required) fans outwards underneath the
evaporator to fill the entire width of a slotted grill for returning cooled air to
the compartment.
[0026] Each air guide 18 illustrated in figure 6 is vertically symmetrical, though exact
symmetry is not essential. Particularly, for an air flow direction such as illustrated
in figures 3 to 5, where air flows downwards through the duct 11, the air guide 18
extends from the side wall of the duct 11 at the upper part closest to the fans 12
in order to direct air flow inwards towards and over the evaporator 14. The air guides
18 then return to the side wall of the duct 11. The lower part of each air guide 18
may not directly channel air flow but serves to reduce turbulence in the duct 11.
[0027] In a further example the refrigerator 1, and particularly each of the duct 11 and
the evaporator 14 may be vertically orientated (that is, taller than they are wide).
In further examples, particularly where a refrigerator is vertically orientated, additional
slots or holes may be provided for air to return to the product compartment. For instance,
a further slotted grill 13 may be provided partway along the vertical dimension of
the duct 11, or even close to the top of the duct 11. Additional air return channels
to the product compartment allow for more even product cooling.
[0028] Generally, the air duct 11 described herein is described as a vertically orientated
thin box, though it will be appreciated that the shape of the duct may vary significantly.
Similarly, the evaporator 14 is generally described as a plate. In certain examples
the evaporator 14 may comprise generally parallel sheets joined together periodically
by welds, though the exact shape of the evaporator 14 falls outside of the scope of
the present invention.
[0029] Throughout this specification, the words "comprise" and "contain" and variations
of them mean "including but not limited to", and they are not intended to (and do
not) exclude other components, integers or steps. Throughout this specification, the
singular encompasses the plural unless the context otherwise requires. In particular,
where the indefinite article is used, the specification is to be understood as contemplating
plurality as well as singularity, unless the context requires otherwise. Throughout
this specification, the term "about" is used to provide flexibility to a range endpoint
by providing that a given value may be "a little above" or "a little below" the endpoint.
The degree of flexibility of this term can be dictated by the particular variable
and can be determined based on experience and the associated description herein.
[0030] Features, integers or characteristics described in conjunction with a particular
aspect or example of the invention are to be understood to be applicable to any other
aspect or example described herein unless incompatible therewith. All of the features
disclosed in this specification, and/or all of the steps of any method or process
so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations where at least
some of such features and/or steps are mutually exclusive. The invention is not restricted
to the details of any foregoing examples. The invention extends to any novel feature
or combination of features disclosed in this specification. It will be also be appreciated
that, throughout this specification, language in the general form of "X for Y" (where
Y is some action, activity or step and X is some means for carrying out that action,
activity or step) encompasses means X adapted or arranged specifically, but not exclusively,
to do Y.
[0031] Each feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features
serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise.
Thus, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature disclosed is one example only
of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.
[0032] The reader's attention is directed to all papers and documents which are filed concurrently
with or previous to this specification in connection with this application and which
are open to public inspection with this specification, and the contents of all such
papers and documents are incorporated herein by reference.
1. A climatization container comprising:
a compartment for storing products;
a duct;
a fan configured to draw air from the compartment into the duct;
a cooling system including an evaporator located in the duct; and
at least one air guide located in the duct;
wherein the evaporator is narrower than the duct in a plane defined by a surface of
the evaporator, the air guide directing air drawn from the compartment such that it
passes over a surface of the evaporator.
2. A climatization container according to claim 1, further comprising an outer shell
at least partially surrounding the compartment such that the duct is defined between
a wall of the compartment and the outer shell.
3. A climatization container according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the duct is positioned
behind a rear side of the compartment opposite to a front side of the compartment
which opens with a door or a drawer.
4. A climatization container according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the
fan is located in the duct on a first side of the evaporator and a vent between the
duct and the compartment is located on a second, opposite side of the evaporator such
that air from the compartment flows between the fan and the vent over a surface of
the evaporator.
5. A climatization container according to claim 4, wherein the air guide closes off a
volume of the duct to prevent air flow between the fan and the vent from passing through
that volume.
6. A climatization container according to claim 4 or claim 5, wherein the air guide is
positioned to one side of the evaporator in the direction of air flow between the
fan and the vent.
7. A climatization container according to claim 6, wherein first and second air guides
are provided either side of the evaporator such that substantially all of the air
flow between the fan and the vent passes over a surface of the evaporator.
8. A climatization container according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the
climatization container comprises a refrigerator or freezer.