INTEGRATED DISASSEMBLY SYSTEM AND DISASSEMBLY METHOD FOR LARGE OFFSHORE STRUCTURE

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to an integrated disassembling and assembling system for a large offshore structure and a disassembling and assembling method, and belongs to the technical field of ocean engineering.

BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, people are experienced in disassembling and assembling methods for small offshore oilfield facilities in the world, and these facilities are usually disassembled or assembled by using a floating crane. However, oilfield facilities for mainstream seas represented by the North Sea in Europe are obviously large and complex. A blocked hoisting method and a single-vessel float-over method are usually used to disassemble or assemble these facilities. The blocked hoisting method requires offshore overall docking and system debugging, which take a long time. In addition, offshore debugging costs are far higher than onshore debugging costs. The single-vessel float-over method has a great limitation on an ultra-large offshore platform exceeding 10,000 tons. First, weight of the ultra-large offshore platform is limited by loading capacity of a single vessel. Second, applicability of the single-vessel float-over method is limited by a platform span, a support structure, space, and the like.

[0003] A similar system according to the state of the art is disclosed in document WO2018/177886.

SUMMARY

[0004] To overcome the above defects in the prior art, the present disclosure provides an integrated disassembling and assembling system for a large offshore structure and a disassembling and assembling system to implement lifting jointly through fast de-ballasting for an entire vessel and fast lifting of hydraulic systems of lifting arms, such that an entire disassembling process takes a short time and has high efficiency. The system and process according to the invention are described in claims 1 and 8.

[0005] The integrated disassembling and assembling system for a large offshore structure provided by the present disclosure includes a semi-submersible vessel I, a semi-submersible vessel II, multiple lifting arms I, multiple lifting arms II, and an offshore structure. A support I and a support II for the lifting arms I are mounted on the semi-submersible vessel I through bolts. A support I and a support II for the lifting arms II are mounted on the semi-submersible vessel II through bolts. The lifting arms I are arranged on the semi-submersible vessel I in parallel. The lifting arms II are arranged on the semi-submersible vessel II in parallel. The lifting arms I and the lifting arms II are provided with a lifting system having a three-way motion compensation function. The lifting system is provided with locking mechanisms for the lifting arms I and the lifting arms II. Before lifting, the locking mechanisms lock the lifting arms I and the lifting arms II are in a front-back direction and a left-right direction; then, a lifting mechanism may lift the offshore structure up.

[0006] The lifting system having the three-way motion compensation function further include a mobile cart I and a mobile cart II. A bottom at a front end of each of the lifting arms I/lifting arms II is mounted at an upper end of the mobile cart I. A rear end of each of the lifting arms I/lifting arms II is mounted at an upper end of the mobile cart II. A lower end of the mobile cart I is mounted on the support I. A lower end of the mobile cart II is mounted on the support II. The support I and the support II are respectively fixed on the semi-submersible vessel I and the semi-submersible vessel II. The lifting mechanism for driving a lifted object to move up and down is hinged to the front end of each of the lifting arms I/lifting arms II.

[0007] A road wheel set and a road wheel are mounted on each of the mobile cart I and the mobile cart II. The road wheel set is mounted on rails that are of the lifting arms I/lifting arms II and are used for limiting up-down movement of a main arm. The road wheel is mounted on a rail of the support I or the support II. The lifting arms I/lifting arms II move left and right through the road wheel set, and move front and back through the road wheel. A locking mechanism meshed with a fixing rack of each of the lifting arms I/lifting arms II is mounted at the upper end of the mobile cart I; a locking mechanism meshed with a fixing rack of the support I is mounted at the lower end of the mobile cart I.

[0008] Preferably, each of the locking mechanisms includes a locking rack whose section takes the shape of an inverted trapezoid. The locking rack is disposed on a side of the fixing rack. Two adjustment hydraulic cylinders are hinged to a bottom of the locking rack. A structure defined by the adjustment hydraulic cylinders has a certain included angle and takes the shape of inverted V. Two locking sliders are movably disposed on a left side and a right side of the locking rack. Each of the locking sliders slides uni-directionally along a slide rail and is provided with an inclined surface matched with the locking rack. The adjustment hydraulic cylinders push the locking rack into the fixing rack; the locking rack and the fixing rack are meshed with each other. When the two locking sliders approach the locking rack, the inclined surfaces of the two locking sliders are fitted with inclined surfaces of the locking rack.

[0009] Preferably, a dynamic positioning (DP) system is provided on each of the semi-submersible vessel I and the semi-submersible vessel II that are respectively disposed on two sides of the offshore structure.

[0010] Preferably, the lifting mechanism is static relative to the offshore structure before the DP systems having a positioning function and the lifting arms having a compensation function jointly implement lifting.

[0011] Preferably, the integrated disassembling and assembling system further includes a semi-submersible vessel III. The lifting arms of the semi-submersible vessel I and the semi-submersible vessel II act simultaneously to unload the offshore structure to the semi-submersible vessel III.

[0012] Preferably, multiple controllable cabins are provided on each of the semi-submersible vessel I and the semi-submersible vessel II, and a waterline of each of the cabins is controlled by a pneumatic pump.

[0013] Preferably, the cabins include a bottom cabin, as well as a middle cabin, a left cabin, and a right cabin that are disposed above the bottom cabin; each of the left cabin and the right cabin includes a high-position cabin and a low-position cabin.

[0014] The disassembling and assembling method for the integrated disassembling and assembling system for a large offshore structure in the present disclosure may include the following steps:

step 1: before joint lifting, ballasting the semi-submersible vessel I and the semi-submersible vessel II to achieve a specified waterline;

step 2: when joint lifting starts, de-ballasting the semi-submersible vessel I and the semi-submersible vessel II fast by using the pneumatic pumps, such that 90% of the weight of the offshore structure can be borne without changing a waterline of an entire vessel;

step 3: during joint lifting, instantly lifting the offshore structure to a specified height by using the lifting arms I and the lifting arms II of the semi-submersible vessel I and the semi-submersible vessel II, where ballast water is transferred from the high-position cabins to the low-position cabins under the action of aerodynamic force and water gravity at this time, thereby leveling the offshore structure and the entire vessel; and

step 4: fast transferring ballast water from the high-position cabins to the low-position cabins when unloading the offshore structure, thereby keeping the entire vessel in a leveled state.

[0015] The present disclosure has the following beneficial effects:

(1) Owing to the combined action of the two vessels in the present disclosure, the system and the method are theoretically unconstrained by a size of the offshore structure.

(2) The number of the lifting arms on the two vessels can be adjusted based on weight of the offshore structure; and an extended length and an extended position of each of the lifting arms can be adjusted based on a configuration of the offshore structure and space where the offshore structure is.

(3) The lifting mechanism is static relative to the offshore structure before the DP systems that have the positioning function and are of the semi-submersible vessels and the lifting arms that have the compensation function jointly implement lifting.

(4) According to the present disclosure, the lifting arms are fixedly connected to the vessel bodies through the bolts. When there is no need for disassembly and assembly, the lifting arms can be removed, such that the semi-submersible vessels can be used as transport vessels.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] 

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a lifting system having a three-way motion compensation function;

FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional diagram of an upper portion of a mobile cart I;

FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional diagram of a bottom of a mobile cart I;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a locking mechanism;

FIG. 6 is a diagram of a state I of a semi-submersible vessel I and a semi-submersible vessel II;

FIG. 7 is a diagram of a state II of a semi-submersible vessel I and a semi-submersible vessel II;

FIG. 8 is a diagram of a state of a semi-submersible vessel III; and

FIG. 9(a) to FIG. 9(d) are diagrams of states in different steps of ballast water-based load adjustment.

[0017] Reference numerals in the accompanying drawings are as follows: 1-semi-submersible vessel I; 2-lifting arm I; 3-semi-submersible vessel II; 4-lifting arm II; 5-offshore structure; 6-support I; 7-support II; 8-lifting mechanism; 9-semi-submersible vessel III; 10-mobile cart I; 11-mobile cart II; 12-locking rack; 13-fixing rack; 14-adjustment hydraulic cylinder; and 15-locking slider.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0018] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Apparently, the described embodiments are merely some rather than all of the embodiments of the present disclosure. All other examples obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the examples of the present disclosure without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Embodiment 1:

[0019] As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 8, an integrated disassembling and assembling system for a large offshore structure includes a semi-submersible vessel I 1, a semi-submersible vessel II 3, multiple lifting arms I 2, multiple lifting arms II 4, and an offshore structure 5, where a support 16 and a support II 7 for the lifting arms I 2 are mounted on the semi-submersible vessel I 1 through bolts. A support I 6 and a support II 7 for the lifting arms II 4 are mounted on the semi-submersible vessel II 3 through bolts. The lifting arms I 2 are arranged on the semi-submersible vessel I 1 in parallel; the lifting arms II 4 are arranged on the semi-submersible vessel II 3 in parallel. The lifting arms I 2 and the lifting arms II 4 are provided with a lifting system having a three-way motion compensation function. The lifting system is provided with locking mechanisms for the lifting arms I 2 and the lifting arms II 4. Before lifting, the locking mechanisms lock the lifting arms I 2 and the lifting arms II 4 in a front-back direction and a left-right direction, and then, a lifting mechanism 8 lifts the offshore structure 5 up.

[0020] As shown in FIG. 2, the lifting system having the three-way motion compensation function further includes a mobile cart 110 and a mobile cart II 11, where a bottom at a front end of each of the lifting arms I 2/lifting arms II 4 is mounted at an upper end of the mobile cart I 10. A rear end of each of the lifting arms I 2/lifting arms II 4 is mounted at an upper end of the mobile cart II 11. A lower end of the mobile cart I 10 is mounted on the support 16. A lower end of the mobile cart II 11 is mounted on the support II 7. The support I 6 and the support II 7 are respectively fixed on the semi-submersible vessel I 1 and the semi-submersible vessel II 3. The lifting mechanism 8 for driving a lifted object to move up and down is hinged to the front end of each of the lifting arms I 2/lifting arms II 4.

[0021] As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, a road wheel set and a road wheel are mounted on each of the mobile cart 110 and the mobile cart II 11.The road wheel set is mounted on rails that are on the lifting arms I 2/lifting arms II 4 and are used for limiting up-down movement of a main arm. The road wheel is mounted on a rail of the support 16 or the support II 7. The lifting arms I 2/lifting arms II 4 move left and right through the road wheel set and move front and back through the road wheel. A locking mechanism meshed with a fixing rack 13 of each of the lifting arms I 2/lifting arms II 4 is mounted at the upper end of the mobile cart I 10. A locking mechanism meshed with a fixing rack 13 of the support I 6 is mounted at the lower end of the mobile cart 110.

[0022] As shown in FIG. 5, each of the locking mechanisms includes a locking rack 12 whose section takes the shape of an inverted trapezoid, where the locking rack 12 is disposed on a side of the fixing rack 13. Two adjustment hydraulic cylinders 14 are hinged to a bottom of the locking rack 12. A structure defined by the adjustment hydraulic cylinders has a certain included angle and takes the shape of inverted V. Two locking sliders 15 are movably disposed on a left side and a right side of the locking rack 12. Each of the locking sliders 15 slides uni-directionally along a slide rail and is provided with an inclined surface matched with the locking rack 12. The adjustment hydraulic cylinders 14 push the locking rack 12 into the fixing rack 13; the locking rack 12 and the fixing rack 13 are meshed with each other. When the two locking sliders 15 approach the locking rack 12, the inclined surfaces of the two locking sliders 15 are fitted with inclined surfaces of the locking rack 12.

[0023] As shown in FIG. 6, a dynamic positioning (DP) system is provided on each of the semi-submersible vessel I 1 and the semi-submersible vessel II 3 that are respectively disposed on two sides of the offshore structure 5.

[0024] The lifting mechanism 8 is static relative to the offshore structure 5 before the DP systems having a positioning function and the lifting arms having a compensation function jointly implement lifting.

[0025] As shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, the integrated disassembling and assembling system further includes a semi-submersible vessel III 9. The lifting arms of the semi-submersible vessel I 1 and the semi-submersible vessel II 3 act simultaneously to unload the offshore structure 5 to the semi-submersible vessel III 9.

[0026] Multiple controllable cabins are provided on each of the semi-submersible vessel I 1 and the semi-submersible vessel II 3, and a waterline of each of the cabins is controlled by a pneumatic pump.

[0027] As shown in FIG. 9(a) to 9(d), the cabins include a bottom cabin, as well as a middle cabin, a left cabin, and a right cabin that are disposed above the bottom cabin; each of the left cabin and the right cabin includes a high-position cabin and a low-position cabin.

[0028] A process of using the system is as follows: To disassemble the offshore structure 5, the semi-submersible vessel I 1 and the semi-submersible vessel II 3 approach the offshore structure 5 from two sides. The two semi-submersible vessels are positioned relative to the offshore structure 5 by using the DP systems of the semi-submersible vessels. The lifting arms I 2 and the lifting arms II 4 reach a lifting point of the offshore structure 5 through front-back and left-right movements. Because the positioning function of the DP systems of the semi-submersible vessels is insufficient to make the offshore structure 5 static, a three-way compensation function of the lifting arms needs to be enabled at this time. The semi-submersible vessel I 1 and the semi-submersible vessel II 3 are de-ballasted, such that 5% of the load of the offshore structure is transferred to the lifting arms and the semi-submersible vessels. Before lifting, the locking mechanisms lock the lifting arms I 2 and lifting arms II 4 in the front-back direction and the left-right direction; and then, the lifting mechanism 8 lifts the offshore structure 5 up fast. The semi-submersible vessel I 1 and the semi-submersible vessel II 3 carry the offshore structure 5 and move synchronously to leave a supporting position of the offshore structure 5. The semi-submersible vessel III 9 moves to a position between the semi-submersible vessel I 1 and the semi-submersible vessel II 3; and then, the lifting arms of the semi-submersible vessel I 1 and the semi-submersible vessel II 3 synchronously unload, to the semi-submersible vessel III 9, the offshore structure 5 that has been disassembled. The semi-submersible vessel III 9 carrying the offshore structure 5 moves to a wharf and slides ashore.

Embodiment 2:

[0029] An objective of the present disclosure is to provide an integrated disassembling and assembling method for a large offshore structure 5, which can implement disassembling or assembling of offshore structures 5, such as a jacket platform, a pile group platform, or a column leg platform, and is particularly suitable for disassembling or assembling an ultra-large platform block that exceeds one ton.

[0030] The disassembling and assembling method for the integrated disassembling and assembling system for an offshore oilfield facility in the present disclosure may include the following steps:

Step 1: Before joint lifting, ballast the semi-submersible vessel I 1 and the semi-submersible vessel II 3 to achieve a specified waterline, as shown in FIG. 9(a).

Step 2: When joint lifting starts, de-ballast the semi-submersible vessel I and the semi-submersible vessel II fast by using the pneumatic pumps, such that 90% of the weight of the offshore structure 5 can be borne without changing a waterline of an entire vessel, as shown in FIG. 9(b).

Step 3: During joint lifting, instantly lift the offshore structure 5 to a specified height by using the lifting arms of the semi-submersible vessel I 1 and the semi-submersible vessel II 3, where ballast water is transferred from the high-position cabins to the low-position cabins under the action of aerodynamic force and water gravity at the same time, thereby leveling the offshore structure 5 and the entire vessel, as shown in FIG. 9(c).

Step 4: Fast transfer ballast water from the high-position cabins to the low-position cabins when unloading the offshore structure 5, thereby keeping the entire vessel in a leveled state, as shown in FIG. 9(d).

(1) Owing to the combined action of the two vessels in the present disclosure, the system and the method are theoretically unconstrained by a size of the offshore structure 5.

(2) The number of the lifting arms on the two vessels can be adjusted based on weight of the offshore structure 5; an extended length and an extended position of each of the lifting arms can be adjusted based on a structure of the offshore structure 5 and space where the offshore structure 5 is.

(3) The lifting mechanism 8 is static relative to the offshore structure 5 before the DP systems that have the positioning function and are of the semi-submersible vessels and the lifting arms that have the compensation function jointly implement lifting.

(4) According to the present disclosure, the lifting arms are fixedly connected to the vessel bodies through the bolts. When there is no need for disassembly and assembly, the lifting arms can be removed, such that the semi-submersible vessels can be used as transport vessels.

[0031] It should be noted that in this specification, relational terms such as first and second are used only to differentiate an entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not require or imply that any actual relationship or sequence exists between these entities or operations. In addition, terms "include", "comprise", or any other variants thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, a method, an article, or a device that includes a list of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements that are not explicitly listed, or further includes elements inherent to the process, the method, the article, or the device.

[0032] Although the embodiments of the present disclosure have been illustrated and described, it should be understood that those of ordinary skill in the art may make various changes, modifications, replacements, and variations to the above embodiments without departing from the present disclosure, and the scope of the present disclosure is limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An integrated disassembling and assembling system for a large offshore structure, comprising

a semi-submersible vessel 1(1),

a semi-submersible vessel II (3),

multiple lifting arms I (2), multiple lifting arms II (4), and

an offshore structure (5), characterized in that

a support I (6) and a support II (7) for the lifting arms I (2) are mounted on the semi-submersible vessel I (1) through bolts;

a support I (6) and a support II (7) for the lifting arms II (4) are mounted on the semi-submersible vessel II (3) through bolts;

the lifting arms I (2) are arranged on the semi-submersible vessel I (1) in parallel;

the lifting arms II (4) are arranged on the semi-submersible vessel II (3) in parallel;

the lifting arms I (2) and the lifting arms II (4) are provided with a lifting system having a three-way motion compensation function;

the lifting system is provided with locking mechanisms;

before lifting, the locking mechanisms is configured to lock the lifting arms I (2) and the lifting arms II (4) in a front-back direction and a left-right direction, and a lifting mechanism (8) is configured to lift the offshore structure (5) up;

the lifting system having the three-way motion compensation function further comprises a mobile cart I (10) and

a mobile cart II (11);

a bottom at a front end of each of the lifting arms I (2) and the lifting arms II (4) is mounted at an upper end of the mobile cart I (10);

a rear end of each of the lifting arms I (2) and the lifting arms II (4) is mounted at an upper end of the mobile cart II (11);

a lower end of the mobile cart I (10) is mounted on the support I (6);

a lower end of the mobile cart II (11) is mounted on the support II (7);

the support I (6) and the support II (7) are respectively fixed on the semi-submersible vessel I (1) and the semi-submersible vessel II (3); and

the lifting mechanism (8) is configured for driving a lifted object to move up and down and is hinged to the front end of each of the lifting arms I (2) and the lifting arms II (4);

a road wheel set and a road wheel are mounted on each of the mobile cart I (10) and the mobile cart II (11);

the road wheel set is mounted on rails of the lifting arms I (2) and the lifting arms II (4) and the rails are configured for limiting up-down movement of a main arm;

the road wheel is mounted on a rail of the support I (6) or the support II (7); and

the lifting arms I (2) and the lifting arms II (4) move left and right through the road wheel set, and move front and back through the road wheel; and

a locking mechanism meshed with a fixing rack (13) of each of the lifting arms I (2) and the lifting arms II (4) is mounted at the upper end of the mobile cart I (10); and

a locking mechanism meshed with a fixing rack (13) of the support I (6) is mounted at the lower end of the mobile cart 1 (10).

2. The integrated disassembling and assembling system for a large offshore structure according to claim 1, characterized in that

each of the locking mechanisms comprises a locking rack (12) having a shape of an inverted trapezoid;

the locking rack (12) is disposed on a side of the fixing rack (13);

two adjustment hydraulic cylinders (14) are hinged to a bottom of the locking rack (12);

a structure defined by the adjustment hydraulic cylinders has a certain included angle and takes the shape of inverted V;

two locking sliders (15) are movably disposed on a left side and a right side of the locking rack (12);

each of the locking sliders (15) slides uni-directionally along a slide rail, and is provided with an inclined surface matched with the locking rack (12);

the adjustment hydraulic cylinders (14) push the locking rack (12) into the fixing rack (13);

the locking rack (12) and the fixing rack (13) are meshed with each other;

the two locking sliders (15) approach the locking rack (12); and

the inclined surfaces of the two locking sliders (15) are configured to fit with inclined surfaces of the locking rack (12).

3. The integrated disassembling and assembling system for a large offshore structure according to claim 1, characterized in that
a dynamic positioning (DP) system is provided on each of the semi-submersible vessel I (1) and the semi-submersible vessel II (3) that are respectively disposed on two sides of the offshore structure (5).

4. The integrated disassembling and assembling system for a large offshore structure according to claim 3, characterized in that the lifting mechanism (8) is static relative to the offshore structure (5) before the DP systems performing a positioning function and the lifting arms performing a compensation function jointly implement lifting.

5. The integrated disassembling and assembling system for a large offshore structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the integrated disassembling and assembling system further comprises

a semi-submersible vessel III (9); and

the lifting arms of the semi-submersible vessel 1(1) and the semi-submersible vessel II (3) are configured to act simultaneously to unload the offshore structure (5) to the semi-submersible vessel III (9).

6. The integrated disassembling and assembling system for a large offshore structure according to claim 1, characterized in that

controllable cabins are provided on each of the semi-submersible vessel I (1) and the semi-submersible vessel II (3); and

a waterline of each of the controllable cabins is controlled by a pneumatic pump.

7. The integrated disassembling and assembling system for a large offshore structure according to claim 6, characterized in that the controllable cabins comprise a bottom cabin, a middle cabin, a left cabin, and a right cabin, wherein the middle cabin, the left cabin and the right cabin are disposed above the bottom cabin;
and each of the left cabin and the right cabin comprises a high-position cabin and a low-position cabin.

8. A disassembling and assembling method based on the integrated disassembling and assembling system for a large offshore structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1: before joint lifting, ballasting the semi-submersible vessel I (1) and the semi-submersible vessel II (3) to achieve a specified waterline;

step 2: when joint lifting starts, quickly de-ballasting the semi-submersible vessel I (1) and the semi-submersible vessel II (3) by using the pneumatic pumps, such that 90% of weight of the offshore structure (5) can be borne without changing a waterline of an entire vessel;

step 3: during joint lifting, instantly lifting the offshore structure (5) to a specified height by using the lifting arms I (2) and the lifting arms II (4) of the semi-submersible vessel 1(1) and the semi-submersible vessel II (3), wherein ballast water is transferred from the high-position cabins to the low-position cabins under the action of aerodynamic force and water gravity at this time, to level the offshore structure (5) and the entire vessel; and

step 4: quickly transferring ballast water from the high-position cabins to the low-position cabins when unloading the offshore structure (5), to keep the entire vessel in a leveled state.

Ansprüche

1. Integriertes Demontage- und Montagesystem für eine große Offshore-Struktur, umfassend

ein halbtauchfähiges Schiff I (1),

ein halbtauchfähiges Schiff II (3),

mehrere Hubarme I (2), mehrere Hubarme II (4) und

eine Offshore-Struktur (5), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass

ein Träger I (6) und ein Träger II (7) für die Hubarme I (2) durch Bolzen an dem halbtauchfähigen Schiff 1 (1) montiert sind;

ein Träger I (6) und ein Träger II (7) für die Hubarme II (4) durch Bolzen an dem halbtauchfähigen Schiff II (3) montiert sind;

die Hubarme I (2) parallel an dem halbtauchfähigen Schiff I (1) angeordnet sind;

die Hubarme II (4) parallel an dem halbtauchfähigen Schiff II (3) angeordnet sind;

die Hubarme I (2) und die Hubarme II (4) mit einem Hubsystem mit einer Drei-Wege-Bewegungskompensationsfunktion versehen sind;

das Hubsystem mit Arretiermechanismen versehen ist;

vor dem Anheben die Arretiermechanismen dazu eingerichtet sind, die Hubarme I (2) und die Hubarme II (4) in einer Vome-Hinten-Richtung und einer Links-Rechts-Richtung zu arretieren, und ein Hubmechanismus (8) dazu eingerichtet ist, die Offshore-Struktur (5) anzuheben;

das Hubsystem mit der Drei-Wege-Bewegungskompensationsfunktion ferner

einen mobilen Wagen I (10) und

einen mobilen Wagen II (11) umfasst;

ein Boden an einem vorderen Ende sowohl der Hubarme I (2) als auch der Hubarme II (4) an einem oberen Ende des mobilen Wagens I (10) montiert ist;

ein hinteres Ende sowohl der Hubarme I (2) als auch der Hubarme II (4) an einem oberen Ende des mobilen Wagens II (11) montiert ist;

ein unteres Ende des mobilen Wagens I (10) an dem Träger I (6) montiert ist;

ein unteres Ende des mobilen Wagens II (11) an dem Träger II (7) montiert ist;

der Träger I (6) an dem halbtauchfähigen Schiff I (1) und der Träger II (7) an dem halbtauchfähigen Schiff II (3) befestigt ist; und

der Hubmechanismus (8) dazu eingerichtet ist, ein angehobenes Objekt dazu anzutreiben, sich nach oben und unten zu bewegen, und an dem vorderen Ende sowohl der Hubarme I (2) als auch der Hubarme II (4) angelenkt ist;

sowohl an dem mobilen Wagen I (10) als auch an dem mobilen Wagen II (11) ein Straßenradsatz und ein Straßenrad montiert sind;

der Straßenradsatz an Schienen der Hubarme I (2) und der Hubarme II (4) montiert ist und die Schienen dazu eingerichtet sind, eine Auf-Ab-Bewegung eines Hauptarms zu begrenzen;

das Straßenrad an einer Schiene des Trägers I (6) oder des Trägers II (7) montiert ist; und sich die Hubarme I (2) und die Hubarme II (4) durch den Straßenradsatz nach links und rechts bewegen und sich durch das Straßenrad nach vorne und hinten bewegen; und

ein Arretiermechanismus, der mit einer Fixierzahnstange (13) sowohl der Hubarme I (2) als auch der Hubarme II (4) in Eingriff steht, am oberen Ende des mobilen Wagens I (10) montiert ist; und

ein Arretiermechanismus, der mit einer Fixierzahnstange (13) des Trägers I (6) in Eingriff steht, am unteren Ende des mobilen Wagens I (10) montiert ist.

2. Integriertes Demontage- und Montagesystem für eine große Offshore-Struktur nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass

jeder der Arretiermechanismen eine Arretierzahnstange (12) mit einer Form eines umgekehrten Trapezes umfasst;

die Arretierzahnstange (12) auf einer Seite der Fixierzahnstange (13) angeordnet ist;

zwei Einstellhydraulikzylinder (14) an einem Boden der Arretierzahnstange (12) angelenkt sind;

eine durch die Einstellhydraulikzylinder definierte Struktur einen bestimmten eingeschlossenen Winkel aufweist und die Form eines umgekehrten V annimmt;

zwei Arretierschieber (15) beweglich auf einer linken Seite und einer rechten Seite der Arretierzahnstange (12) angeordnet sind;

jeder der Arretierschieber (15) unidirektional entlang einer Gleitschiene gleitet und mit einer schrägen Oberfläche versehen ist, die mit der Arretierzahnstange (12) zusammenpasst;

die Einstellhydraulikzylinder (14) die Arretierzahnstange (12) in die Fixierzahnstange (13) drücken;

die Arretierzahnstange (12) und die Fixierzahnstange (13) miteinander vermascht sind;

sich die zwei Arretierschieber (15) der Arretierzahnstange (12) nähern; und

die schrägen Oberflächen der zwei Arretierschieber (15) dazu eingerichtet sind, mit schrägen Oberflächen der Arretierzahnstange (12) zusammenzupassen.

3. Integriertes Demontage- und Montagesystem für eine große Offshore-Struktur nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
sowohl an dem halbtauchfähigen Schiff I (1) als auch an dem halbtauchfähigen Schiff II (3), die auf beiden Seiten der Offshore-Struktur (5) angeordnet sind, ein dynamisches Positionierungssystem (DP) bereitgestellt ist.

4. Integriertes Demontage- und Montagesystem für eine große Offshore-Struktur nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Hubmechanismus (8) in Bezug auf die Offshore-Struktur (5) statisch ist, bevor die DP-Systeme, die eine Positionierungsfunktion ausführen, und die Hubarme, die eine Kompensationsfunktion ausführen, gemeinsam ein Anheben implementieren.

5. Integriertes Demontage- und Montagesystem für eine große Offshore-Struktur nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das integrierte Demontage- und Montagesystem ferner

ein halbtauchfähiges Schiff III (9) umfasst; und

die Hubarme des halbtauchfähigen Schiffs I (1) und des halbtauchfähigen Schiffs II (3) dazu eingerichtet sind, gleichzeitig zu wirken, um die Offshore-Struktur (5) auf das halbtauchfähige Schiff III (9) zu entladen.

6. Integriertes Demontage- und Montagesystem für eine große Offshore-Struktur nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass

sowohl an dem halbtauchfähigen Schiff I (1) als auch an dem halbtauchfähigen Schiff II (3) steuerbare Kabinen vorgesehen sind; und

eine Wasserlinie jeder der steuerbaren Kabinen durch eine pneumatische Pumpe gesteuert wird.

7. Integriertes Demontage- und Montagesystem für eine große Offshore-Struktur nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die steuerbaren Kabinen eine untere Kabine, eine mittlere Kabine, eine linke Kabine und eine rechte Kabine umfassen, wobei die mittlere Kabine, die linke Kabine und die rechte Kabine über der unteren Kabine angeordnet sind;
und sowohl die linke Kabine als auch die rechte Kabine eine Kabine mit hoher Position und eine Kabine mit niedriger Position umfasst.

8. Demontage- und Montageverfahren auf der Grundlage des integrierten Demontage- und Montagesystems für eine große Offshore-Struktur nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es die folgenden Schritte umfasst:

schritt 1: vor dem gemeinsamen Anheben, Ballastieren des halbtauchfähigen Schiffs I (1) und des halbtauchfähigen Schiffs II (3), um eine spezifizierte Wasserlinie zu erreichen;

schritt 2: wenn das gemeinsame Anheben beginnt, schnelles Entballastieren des halbtauchfähigen Schiffs I (1) und des halbtauchfähigen Schiffs II (3) unter Verwendung der pneumatischen Pumpen, so dass 90 % des Gewichts der Offshore-Struktur (5) getragen werden können, ohne eine Wasserlinie eines gesamten Schiffs zu ändern;

schritt 3: während des gemeinsamen Anhebens, sofortiges Anheben der Offshore-Struktur (5) auf eine spezifizierte Höhe unter Verwendung der Hubarme I (2) und der Hubarme II (4) des halbtauchfähigen Schiffs I (1) und des halbtauchfähigen Schiffs II (3), wobei zu diesem Zeitpunkt unter der Wirkung der aerodynamischen Kraft und der Wasserschwerkraft Ballastwasser von den Kabinen mit hoher Position zu den Kabinen mit niedriger Position übertragen wird, um die Offshore-Struktur (5) und das gesamte Schiff zu nivellieren; und

schritt 4: schnelles Übertragen von Ballastwasser von den Kabinen mit hoher Position zu den Kabinen mit niedriger Position, wenn die Offshore-Struktur (5) entladen wird, um das gesamte Schiff in einem nivellierten Zustand zu halten.

Revendications

1. Système d'assemblage et de désassemblage intégré pour une large structure offshore, comprenant

un navire semi-submersible I (1),

un navire semi-submersible II (3),

plusieurs bras de levage I (2), plusieurs bras de levage II (4), et

une structure offshore (5), caractérisé en ce que

un support I (6) et un support II (7) pour les bras de levage I (2) sont montés sur le navire semi-submersible I (1) au moyen de boulons ;

un support I (6) et un support II (7) pour les bras de levage II (4) sont montés sur le navire semi-submersible II (3) au moyen de boulons ;

les bras de levage I (2) sont disposés en parallèle sur le navire semi-submersible I (1) ,

les bras de levage II (4) sont disposés en parallèle sur le navire semi-submersible II (3) ,

les bras de levage I (2) et les bras de levage II (4) sont pourvus d'un système de levage ayant une fonction de compensation de mouvement dans trois directions ;

le système de levage est pourvu de mécanismes de verrouillage ;

avant le levage, les mécanismes de verrouillage sont configurés pour verrouiller les bras de levage I (2) et les bras de levage II (4) dans un sens avant-arrière et un sens gauche-droite, et un mécanisme de levage (8) est configuré pour lever la structure offshore (5) ;

le système de levage ayant la fonction de compensation de mouvement dans trois directions comprenant en outre

un chariot mobile I (10) et

un chariot mobile II (11) ;

un fond à une extrémité avant de chacun des bras de levage I (2) et des bras de levage II (4) est monté sur une extrémité supérieure du chariot mobile I (10) ;

une extrémité arrière de chacun des bras de levage I (2) et des bras de levage II (4) est monté sur une extrémité supérieure du chariot mobile II (11) ;

une extrémité inférieure du chariot mobile I (10) est montée sur le support I (6) ;

une extrémité inférieure du chariot mobile II (11) est montée sur le support II (7) ;

le support I (6) et le support II (7) sont fixés respectivement au navire semi-submersible I (1) et le navire semi-submersible II (3) ; et

le mécanisme de levage (8) est configuré pour entraîner un objet levé à se déplacer de haut en bas et est fixé de manière articulée à l'extrémité avant de chacun des bras de levage I (2) et des bras de levage II (4) ;

un ensemble de roue porteuse et une roue porteuse sont montés sur chacun du chariot mobile I (10) et du chariot mobile II (11) ;

l'ensemble de roue porteuse est monté sur des rails des bras de levage I (2) et des bras de levage II (4) et les rails sont configurés pour limiter le mouvement de haut en bas d'un bras principal ;

la roue porteuse est montée sur un rail du support I (6) ou du support II (7) ; et les bras de levage I (2) et les bras de levage II (4) se déplacent de gauche à droite au moyen de ensemble de roue porteuse et se déplacent de haut en bas à travers la roue porteuse ; et

un mécanisme de verrouillage engrené avec une crémaillère de fixation (13) de chacun des bras de levage I (2) et des bras de levage II (4) est monté sur l'extrémité supérieure du chariot mobile I (10) ; et

un mécanisme de verrouillage engrené avec une crémaillère de fixation (13) du support I (6) est monté sur l'extrémité inférieure du chariot mobile I (10).

2. Système d'assemblage et de désassemblage intégré pour une large structure offshore selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que

chacun des mécanismes de verrouillage comprend un support de verrouillage (12) ayant la forme d'un trapèze inversé ;

le support de verrouillage (12) est disposé sur un côté de la crémaillère de fixation (13) ;

deux cylindres hydrauliques d'ajustement (14) sont fixés de manière articulée sur un fond du support de verrouillage (12) ;

une structure définie par les cylindres hydrauliques d'ajustement présente un certain angle inclus et prend la forme d'un V inversé ;

deux curseurs de verrouillage (15) sont disposés de manière mobile sur un côté gauche et un côté droit du support de verrouillage (12) ;

chacun des curseurs de verrouillage (15) glisse de manière unidirectionnelle le long d'une glissière, et est pourvu d'une surface inclinée correspondant au support de verrouillage (12) ;

les cylindres hydrauliques d'ajustement (14) poussent le support de verrouillage (12) dans la crémaillère de fixation (13) ;

le support de verrouillage (12) et la crémaillère de fixation (13) sont engrenés l'un avec l'autre ;

les deux curseurs de verrouillage (15) s'approchent au support de verrouillage (12) ; et

les surfaces inclinées des deux curseurs de verrouillage (15) sont configurées pour correspondre à des surfaces inclinées du support de verrouillage (12).

3. Système d'assemblage et de désassemblage intégré pour une large structure offshore selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que
un système de positionnement dynamique (PD) est fourni sur chacun du navire semi-submersible I (1) et du navire semi-submersible II (3) qui sont respectivement disposés sur deux côtés de la structure offshore (5).

4. Système d'assemblage et de désassemblage intégré pour une large structure offshore selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le mécanisme de levage (8) est statique par rapport à la structure offshore (5) avant que les systèmes PD effectuant une fonction de positionnement et les bras de levage effectuant une fonction de compensation ne mettent conjointement en oeuvre le levage.

5. Système d'assemblage et de désassemblage intégré pour une large structure offshore selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le système d'assemblage et de désassemblage intégré comprend en outre

un navire semi-submersible III (9) ; et

les bras de levage du navire semi-submersible I (1) et du navire semi-submersible II (3) sont configurés pour agir simultanément pour décharger la structure offshore (5) sur le navire semi-submersible III (9).

6. Système d'assemblage et de désassemblage intégré pour une large structure offshore selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que

des cabines contrôlables sont fournies sur chacun du navire semi-submersible I (1) et du navire semi-submersible II (3) ; et

une ligne de flottaison de chacune des cabines contrôlables est contrôlée par une pompe pneumatique.

7. Système d'assemblage et de désassemblage intégré pour une large structure offshore selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les cabines contrôlables comprennent une cabine de fond, une cabine centrale, une cabine gauche et une cabine droite, la cabine centrale, la cabine gauche et la cabine droite étant disposées au-dessus de la cabine de fond ;
et chacune de la cabine gauche et de la cabine droite comprend une cabine de position haute et une cabine de position basse.

8. Procédé d'assemblage et de désassemblage basé sur le système d'assemblage et de désassemblage intégré pour une large structure offshore selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend les étapes suivantes :

étape 1 : avant le levage conjoint, le lestage du navire semi-submersible I (1) et du navire semi-submersible II (3) afin d'atteindre une ligne de flottaison spécifiée ;

étape 2 : lorsque le levage conjoint commence, le délestage rapide du navire semi-submersible I (1) et le navire semi-submersible II (3) en utilisant la pompe pneumatique, de sorte que 90 % du poids de la structure offshore (5) puisse être supporté sans modifier la ligne de flottaison d'un navire entier ;

étape 3 : pendant le levage conjoint, le levage instantané de la structure offshore (5) à une hauteur spécifiée en utilisant les bras de levage I (2) et les bras de levage II (4) du navire semi-submersible I (1) et du navire semi-submersible II (3), l'eau de lestage étant transférée des cabines de position haute aux cabines de position basse sous l'action d'une force aérodynamique et de la gravite de l'eau à ce moment, pour mettre à niveau la structure offshore (5) et le navire entier ; et

étape 4 : le transfert rapide de l'eau de lestage des cabines de position haute aux cabines de position basse lors du déchargement de la structure offshore (5) afin de maintenir le navire entier à niveau.

Drawing