TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of concrete-related new materials,
in particular to an NPR (Negative Poisson's Ratio) rock bolt.
BACKGROUND
[0002] In the prior art, in the support of coal mine roadways and tunnels, rock bolts are
the most used support equipment in terms of both scope and quantity. With the continuous
increase of coal mining depth, the roadway-surrounding rock often shows the characteristics
of large deformation, such as large deformation of soft rock, large deformation of
rock burst, large deformation of impact, large deformation of gas outburst. In the
current supporting rock bolts, the bolt body has a low elongation and is not suitable
for the nonlinear large-scale deformation and failure characteristics of surrounding
rock in deep roadways. Under the action of impact loads, the rock bolt may reach its
yield strength instantaneously, then fracture and failure occur, and its bearing and
protection capabilities are lost, which leads to destructive situations such as repeated
repairation of the roadway, distortion of the steel frame, and cracking of the poured
concrete.
[0003] Document
CN104 343 460 A, according to its abstract, discloses a surrounding rock support method adopting
tensioning type pre-tightening anchor rod. The method comprises the steps as follows:
a tensioning machine is adopted to tension the anchor rod (1) and apply pre-tightening
force to the anchor rod (1), and the anchor rod is locked by anchor rod locks such
as an anchor rod support plate (4), an anchor ring (3) and a clamping piece (2). The
method is applicable to the support way of reinforcing the surrounding rock of a roadway
by mounting of various specifications of anchor rods with pre-tightening force, the
used anchor rod is directly cut out from a reinforcing steel bar according to a required
length, and the processing and manufacturing process of the anchor rod is simple;
after the anchor rod stirs an anchoring agent (5), an anchor rod tray and the anchor
rod locks can be directly pushed to the surrounding rock surface along the anchor
rod, an anchor drilling machine can be withdrawn after the anchoring agent is solidified,
and rapid mounting is realized while a top plate is protected in time; the conditions
of insufficient anchor rod torque force due to human factors and torsion failure of
the anchor rod due to overlarge torque force can be avoided, and the labor intensity
of a construction worker can be reduced simultaneously; and besides, the pre-tightening
force can be recovered by tensioning the faulty anchor rod again, the anchor rod cost
can be reduced, and the anchor rod locks can be recovered and recycled.
[0004] Document
CN108 754 339 A, according to its abstract, discloses an NPR anchor rod steel material and manufacturing
method thereof. The NPR anchor rod steel material comprises, by weight, 0.4-0.7% of
C, 15-20% of Mn, less than or equal to0.1% of Si, less than or equal to 0.03% of Cu,
less than or equal to 0.01% of Cr, less than or equal to 0.02% of Ni, less than or
equal to 0.001% of S, less than or equal to 0.001% of P and the balance Fe and unavoidable
impurity elements. The NPR anchor rod steel material and the manufacturing method
thereof effectively solve the problems that in the prior art, tensile strength and
effective elongation of the anchor rod are low. The yield strength of the NPR anchor
rod steel material is adjustable in the range of 500-1100 MPa, and the elongation
is adjustable in the range of 10-80%.
SUMMARY
[0005] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides an NPR rock bolt to solve the problem
in the prior art that the conventional rock bolts have a low elongation and cannot
meet the requirement of large deformation of the surrounding rock.
[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present disclosure provides an NPR rock
bolt according to claim 1.
[0007] Further, the tail of the NPR spiral steel bar is untreated.
[0008] Further, a nominal diameter of the NPR bolt is 14-26 mm.
[0009] Further, the tray is a metal butterfly tray.
[0010] Further, the lock comprises a metal lock piece and a lock sleeve that cooperate with
each other.
[0011] Further, the spiral ribs extend along an axial direction of the NPR spiral steel
bar.
[0012] Further, the quantity of the spiral ribs is 3-6.
[0013] Further, a number of the spiral ribs are evenly disposed along a circumferential
direction of the NPR spiral steel bar.
[0014] The NPR rock bolt according to the present disclosure can achieve uniform elongation
(200-350 mm/m) when the roadway-surrounding rock deforms greatly, and maintain a substantially
stable working resistance. Therefore, the NPR bolt according to the present disclosure
can absorb the energy of the surrounding rock by means of transverse resistance and
large deformation, so as to still have a good supporting effect under the condition
of large deformation of the surrounding rock to ensure the stability of the roadway.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0015]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an NPR rock bolt according to an
embodiment of the present disclosure; and
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a stress-strain curve of the NPR rock bolt according
to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0016] The present disclosure will be described in further detail below with reference to
the drawings and specific embodiments, but they are not intended to limit the present
disclosure.
[0017] Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure,
a NPR rock bolt with constant resistance and large deformation is provided. The NPR
rock bolt comprises a bolt body 1, a tray 2 and a lock 3. The bolt body 1 is an NPR
spiral steel bar, an outer surface of the NPR spiral steel bar is provided with a
number of convex spiral ribs, and the spiral ribs have a spiral structure. The tray
2 and the lock 3 are directly sleeved on a tail of the NPR spiral steel bar.
[0018] The NPR rock bolt according to the present disclosure can achieve uniform elongation
(200-350 mm/m) when the roadway-surrounding rock deforms greatly, and maintain a substantially
stable working resistance. Therefore, the NPR bolt according to the present disclosure
can absorb the energy of the surrounding rock by means of transverse resistance and
large deformation, so as to still have a good supporting effect under the condition
of large deformation of the surrounding rock to ensure the stability of the roadway.
[0019] Preferably, the tail of the NPR spiral steel bar is untreated. For example, the tail
of the NPR spiral steel bar is not subject to any treatment such as thread rolling.
Such structure has the advantage of avoiding the stress concentration at the tail
thread, thereby avoiding the occurrence of tail thread cracking, and effectively improving
the elongation of the rock bolt.
[0020] Refer to the schematic diagram of stress-strain curve shown in FIG. 2, in the present
embodiment, the NPR spiral steel bar has a yield strength of 800-950 MPa and a tensile
strength of 900-1050 MPa, and the deformation displacement of the NPR spiral steel
bar is 200-350 mm/m. The maximum stress of bolt body is >210 KN, the elongation is
>20%, the anchoring force of bolt body is >200 KN, the anchoring length is >1 m, the
bearing capacity of bolt lock is >210 KN, and the bearing capacity of tray is >210
KN.
[0021] Preferably, the nominal diameter of the NPR bolt is 14-26 mm. As shown in FIG. 1,
the tray 2 is a metal butterfly tray. The lock 3 comprises a metal lock piece and
a lock sleeve that cooperate with each other. A hole is formed at the center part
of the tray 2 for the bolt body 1 to pass through. The metal lock piece is sleeved
on the tail of the bolt body and cooperates with the lock sleeve to form a lock 3.
[0022] The structure of the bolt body 1 is as follows. The spiral ribs extend along the
axial direction of the NPR spiral steel bar. The quantity of spiral ribs is 3-6. A
number of spiral ribs are evenly disposed along the circumferential direction of the
NPR spiral steel bar.
[0023] The NPR bolt according to the present disclosure can realize constant resistance
and large deformation, and in the roadway where the NPR bolt according to the present
disclosure is used as a supporting equipment, when the roadway-surrounding rock is
subject to a certain deformation, the NPR bolt will be evenly stretched and the deformation
energy in the surrounding rock can be released, and when there is large tensile deformation,
the relatively stable working resistance can be maintained, the stability of the roadway
can be realized, and the hidden safety hazards such as roof fall and collapse can
be eliminated.
[0024] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is only for describing specific
embodiments and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the
present disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms are intended to include the
plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also
be understood that when the terms "include" and/or "comprise" are used in this specification,
they indicate there are features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations
thereof.
[0025] It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" in the specification, claims
and drawings of the present disclosure are used to distinguish similar objects, and
are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood
that the terms used in this way are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances
so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented
in an order other than those illustrated or described herein.
[0026] Of course, the above are only preferable embodiments of the present disclosure. It
should be noted that those skilled in the art can make improvements and modifications
without departing from the basic principles of the present disclosure, and these improvements
and modifications shall also fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
It is noted that the scope of protection of the current invention is defined by the
appended claims.
1. A negative poisson's ratio rock bolt, comprising a bolt body (1), a tray (2) and a
lock (3), the tray (2) and the lock (3) are directly sleeved on a tail of the negative
poisson's ratio spiral steel bar, characterized in that the bolt body (1) is a negative poisson's ratio spiral steel bar, an outer surface
of the negative poisson's ratio spiral steel bar is provided with a number of convex
spiral ribs, and the spiral ribs have a spiral structure; the negative poisson's ratio
spiral steel bar has a yield strength of 800-950 MPa and a tensile strength of 900-1050
MPa, and a deformation displacement of the negative poisson's ratio spiral steel bar
is 200-350 mm/m.
2. The negative poisson's ratio bolt according to claim 1, wherein the tail of the negative
poisson's ratio spiral steel bar is untreated.
3. The negative poisson's ratio bolt according to claim 1, wherein a nominal diameter
of the negative poisson's ratio bolt is 14 -26 mm.
4. The negative poisson's ratio rock bolt according to claim 1, wherein the tray (2)
is a metal butterfly tray.
5. The negative poisson's ratio rock bolt according to claim 1, wherein the lock (3)
comprises a metal lock piece and a lock sleeve that cooperate with each other.
6. The negative poisson's ratio rock bolt according to claim 1, wherein the spiral ribs
extend along an axial direction of the negative poisson's ratio spiral steel bar.
7. The negative poisson's ratio bolt according to claim 1, wherein the quantity of the
spiral ribs is 3-6.
8. The negative poisson's ratio rock bolt according to claim 1, wherein a number of the
spiral ribs are evenly disposed along a circumferential direction of the negative
poisson's ratio spiral steel bar.
1. Gebirgsanker mit negativer Poissonzahl, der einen Ankerkörper (1), eine Scheibe (2)
und eine Sicherung (3) umfasst, wobei die Scheibe (2) und die Sicherung (3) direkt
auf den Schwanz des spiralförmigen Stahlstabs mit negativer Poissonzahl aufgeschoben
werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Ankerkörper (1) ein spiralförmiger Stahlstab mit negativer Poissonzahl ist, eine
Außenfläche des spiralförmigen Stahlstabs mit negativer Poissonzahl mit einer Reihe
von konvexen Spiralrippen versehen ist und die Spiralrippen eine spiralförmige Struktur
aufweisen; der spiralförmige Stahlstab mit negativer Poissonzahl eine Streckgrenze
von 800-950 MPa und eine Zugfestigkeit von 900-1050 MPa aufweist und die Verformungsverschiebung
des spiralförmigen Stahlstabs mit negativer Poissonzahl 200-350 mm/m beträgt.
2. Gebirgsanker mit negativer Poissonzahl nach Anspruch 1, wobei der Schwanz des spiralförmigen
Stahlstabs mit negativer Poissonzahl unbehandelt ist.
3. Gebirgsanker mit negativer Poissonzahl nach Anspruch 1, wobei der Nenndurchmesser
des Gebirgsankers mit negativer Poissonzahl 14-26 mm beträgt.
4. Gebirgsanker mit negativer Poissonzahl nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Scheibe (2) eine
Schmetterlingsscheibe aus Metall ist.
5. Gebirgsanker mit negativer Poissonzahl nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Sicherung (3) ein
Metallsicherungsstück und eine Sicherungshülse umfasst, die zusammenwirken.
6. Gebirgsanker mit negativer Poissonzahl nach Anspruch 1, wobei sich die Spiralrippen
entlang der Axialrichtung des spiralförmigen Stahlstabs mit negativer Poissonzahl
erstrecken.
7. Gebirgsanker mit negativer Poissonzahl nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Anzahl der Spiralrippen
3-6 beträgt.
8. Gebirgsanker mit negativer Poissonzahl nach Anspruch 1, wobei eine Anzahl der Spiralrippen
gleichmäßig entlang der Umfangsrichtung des spiralförmigen Stahlstabs mit negativer
Poissonzahl angeordnet ist.
1. Boulon de roche à coefficient de Poisson négatif, comprenant un corps de boulon (1),
un plateau (2) et un verrou (3), le plateau (2) et le verrou (3) sont directement
manchonnés sur une queue de la barre d'acier en spirale à coefficient de Poisson négatif,
caractérisé en ce que le corps de boulon (1) est une barre d'acier en spirale à coefficient de Poisson
négatif, une surface extérieure de la barre d'acier en spirale à coefficient de Poisson
négatif est pourvue d'un certain nombre de nervures en spirale convexes, et les nervures
en spirale présentent une structure en spirale ; la barre d'acier en spirale à coefficient
de Poisson négatif présente une limite d'élasticité de 800 à 950 MPa et une résistance
à la traction de 900 à 1050 MPa, et un déplacement de déformation de la barre d'acier
en spirale à coefficient de Poisson négatif est de 200 à 350 mm/m.
2. Boulon à coefficient de Poisson négatif selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la queue
de la barre d'acier en spirale à coefficient de Poisson négatif n'est pas traitée.
3. Boulon à coefficient de Poisson négatif selon la revendication 1, dans lequel un diamètre
nominal du boulon à coefficient de Poisson négatif est de 14 à 26 mm.
4. Boulon de roche à coefficient de Poisson négatif selon la revendication 1, dans lequel
le plateau (2) est un plateau à papillon métallique.
5. Boulon de roche à coefficient de Poisson négatif selon la revendication 1, dans lequel
le verrou (3) comprend une pièce de verrou métallique et un manchon de verrou qui
coopèrent l'un avec l'autre.
6. Boulon de roche à coefficient de Poisson négatif selon la revendication 1, dans lequel
les nervures en spirale s'étendent le long d'une direction axiale de la barre d'acier
en spirale à coefficient de Poisson négatif.
7. Boulon à coefficient de Poisson négatif selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la quantité
de nervures en spirale est de 3 à 6.
8. Boulon de roche à coefficient de Poisson négatif selon la revendication 1, dans lequel
un certain nombre des nervures en spirale sont disposées de manière régulière le long
d'une direction circonférentielle de la barre d'acier en spirale à coefficient de
Poisson négatif.